Antiviral Activity of and Resistance to Lamivudine in Combination With Zidovudine, Stavudine, or Didanosine

October 27, 2021 updated by: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

A Phase II, Randomized Study of the Antiviral Activity and Resistance Interactions of Lamivudine (3TC) in Combination With Zidovudine (AZT), Stavudine (d4T), or Didanosine (ddI) Versus Monotherapy With ddI or d4T in HIV-Infected Individuals With 200 - 600 CD4+ Cells/mm3 and No Previous Nucleoside Experience

To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of lamivudine (3TC) combined with zidovudine (AZT), stavudine (d4T), or didanosine (ddI) in comparison with d4T or ddI monotherapy in HIV-infected patients with no prior nucleoside therapy.

3TC may be uniquely effective in combination with AZT due to the interaction of AZT and 3TC resistance mutations. One explanation is that the M184V mutation, which confers resistance to 3TC, suppresses AZT resistance. This benefit of 3TC may not extend to combination therapy with other nucleoside analogs.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

3TC may be uniquely effective in combination with AZT due to the interaction of AZT and 3TC resistance mutations. One explanation is that the M184V mutation, which confers resistance to 3TC, suppresses AZT resistance. This benefit of 3TC may not extend to combination therapy with other nucleoside analogs.

Patients are randomized to either a ddI limb or d4T limb, then randomized a second time to one of six treatment arms, as follows: ddI alone, d4T alone, 3TC/AZT (on both ddI and d4T limbs), 3TC/ddI, and 3TC/d4T. Treatment is given for 48 weeks. At study week 24, patients on monotherapy will have 3TC added to their regimen (in a blinded fashion).

PER AMENDMENT 10/18/96: A treatment extension phase has been added to the study design in order to allow subjects who complete 48 weeks of therapy to remain on their same blinded treatment until approximately 2 months after the last enrolled subject completes 48 weeks on the study.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment

256

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Puerto Rico
      • San Juan, Puerto Rico
        • Puerto Rico-AIDS CRS
  • United States
    • Alabama
      • Birmingham, Alabama, United States
        • Alabama Therapeutics CRS
    • California
      • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095
        • UCLA CARE Center CRS
      • Palo Alto, California, United States, 94115
        • Stanford CRS
      • San Diego, California, United States, 92103
        • Ucsd, Avrc Crs
      • San Jose, California, United States, 95128
        • Santa Clara Valley Med. Ctr.
      • San Mateo, California, United States
        • San Mateo County AIDS Program
    • Colorado
      • Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80262
        • University of Colorado Hospital CRS
    • Florida
      • Miami, Florida, United States, 33136
        • Univ. of Miami AIDS CRS
    • Hawaii
      • Honolulu, Hawaii, United States, 96816
        • Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Leahi Hosp.
      • Honolulu, Hawaii, United States, 96816
        • Queens Med. Ctr.
    • Illinois
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612
        • Cook County Hosp. CORE Ctr.
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612
        • Rush Univ. Med. Ctr. ACTG CRS
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60640
        • Weiss Memorial Hosp.
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States
        • Northwestern University CRS
    • Indiana
      • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202
        • Indiana Univ. School of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Clinic
      • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202
        • Methodist Hosp. of Indiana
    • Maryland
      • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21287
        • Johns Hopkins Adult AIDS CRS
    • Massachusetts
      • Boston, Massachusetts, United States
        • Beth Israel Deaconess Med. Ctr., ACTG CRS
    • Missouri
      • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States
        • Washington U CRS
      • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63112
        • St. Louis ConnectCare, Infectious Diseases Clinic
    • New York
      • Buffalo, New York, United States, 14215
        • SUNY - Buffalo, Erie County Medical Ctr.
      • New York, New York, United States, 10016
        • NYU Med. Ctr., Dept. of Medicine
      • New York, New York, United States, 10003
        • Beth Israel Med. Ctr. (Mt. Sinai)
      • Rochester, New York, United States
        • Univ. of Rochester ACTG CRS
    • North Carolina
      • Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
        • Unc Aids Crs
      • Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
        • Carolinas HealthCare System, Carolinas Med. Ctr.
      • Greensboro, North Carolina, United States
        • Regional Center for Infectious Disease, Wendover Medical Center CRS
    • Ohio
      • Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44109
        • MetroHealth CRS
      • Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43210
        • The Ohio State University Medical Center
    • Pennsylvania
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
        • Hosp. of the Univ. of Pennsylvania CRS
    • Washington
      • Seattle, Washington, United States, 98122
        • University of Washington AIDS CRS

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

12 years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria

Concurrent Medication:

Allowed:

  • PCP prophylaxis.

Patients must have:

  • HIV infection.
  • CD4 count 200 - 600 cells/mm3.
  • Life expectancy of at least 24 weeks.
  • Consent of parent or guardian if less than 18 years old.

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with the following symptoms or conditions are excluded:

  • Unexplained temperature >= 38.5 C for 7 consecutive days within 30 days prior to study entry.

PER AMENDMENT 1/25/96:

  • A malignancy that requires systemic chemotherapies other than Kaposi's sarcoma.

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

  • Concurrent other antiretroviral or immunologic agents.
  • Other experimental therapies.
  • Systemic corticosteroids (except as adjuvant therapy for acute PCP) and other immunosuppressive drugs.
  • Systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy.
  • Induction or maintenance with foscarnet or ganciclovir (oral or IV).

Patients with the following prior conditions are excluded:

  • History of acute or chronic pancreatitis.
  • History of grade 2 or higher peripheral neuropathy.

Prior Medication:

Excluded:

  • Antiretrovirals within 90 days prior to study entry.
  • More than 7 days total lifetime use of any antiretroviral nucleoside.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Investigators

  • Study Chair: Kuritzkes D
  • Study Chair: Johnson V

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Completion (Actual)

March 1, 1998

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 2, 1999

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 30, 2001

First Posted (Estimate)

August 31, 2001

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

November 4, 2021

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

October 27, 2021

Last Verified

October 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • ACTG 306
  • 11281 (Registry Identifier: DAIDS ES Registry Number)

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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