Eye and Immunogenetic Features of Sarcoidosis

June 30, 2017 updated by: National Eye Institute (NEI)

Ocular and Immuno-Genetic Manifestations of Sarcoidosis

This study will evaluate patients with sarcoidosis to understand how the disease affects the body. Sarcoidosis is a disease that results from inflammation of body tissues. The lungs, lymph nodes in the chest, skin and eyes are most commonly affected. As the disease progresses, small lumps, or granulomas, appear in the affected tissues. In most cases, the granulomas clear up, but in cases where they do not heal and disappear, the tissues tend to remain inflamed. Eye inflammation (uveitis) associated with sarcoidosis can cause various eye diseases, sometimes leading to blindness. This study will examine the clinical, immunological and genetic features of ocular sarcoidosis.

Patients 6 years of age and older with sarcoidosis may be eligible for this study. Candidates are screened with the following procedures:

  • Completion of a questionnaire with medical, social and demographic information
  • Blood draw for laboratory tests
  • Complete eye examination, including measurement of eye pressure and dilation of the pupils to examine the back of the eye. Fluorescein angiography may be done. This test involves injecting a dye into a vein in the arm. The dye travels to the blood vessels in the eyes. A camera flashes a blue light into the eye and takes pictures of the retina that show whether the dye has leaked from the blood vessels into the retina. Other photographs of the eye may also be taken using a special camera.

Participants are followed in conjunction with their local eye doctor as required by the status of their disease. Patients whose disease is stable are seen for an initial examination and followed every 12 months for 3 years.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Detailed Description

BACKGROUND

Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic granulomatous disease. The lungs, thoracic lymph nodes, the skin and the eyes are the most commonly affected organs. Most patients with sarcoidosis present with respiratory symptoms. Sarcoid uveitis is usually suspected when ocular inflammation is found in conjunction with suggestive serological and radiological studies. Currently, the diagnosis of sarcoidosis requires the demonstration of non-caseating granulomas on biopsy; but even this is not always diagnostic; more sensitive and specific noninvasive tools are needed.

Ophthalmic involvement has been reported in as many as 40% of patients with sarcoidosis, but most series report ophthalmic findings in approximately 25% of patients who develop chronic, systemic sarcoidosis. Uveitis associated with sarcoidosis can be very diverse, including: acute non-granulomatous or chronic granulomatous iridocyclitis, vitritis, retinal vasculitis, choroiditis with choroidal granulomas and papillitis secondary to optic nerve granulomas; and it can cause ocular morbidity due to a high incidence of glaucoma and cataracts. Other ophthalmic findings include lacrimal gland enlargement, secondary Sjogren's disease, scleritis, orbital gland involvement, secondary proliferative retinopathy, subretinal neovascularization, and optic neuropathy.

To better evaluate and diagnose patients, we also need to improve our ability to predict susceptibility and prognosis, especially among African-Americans. Current epidemiologic studies of sarcoidosis indicate that in the United States, African Americans have about a threefold higher age-adjusted annual incidence, 35.5/100,000, compared with Caucasians, 10.9/100,000. In addition, African Americans with chronic sarcoidosis are more likely to develop ocular manifestations than whites. The study of ocular sarcoidosis is important because it is a leading inflammatory cause of blindness and ocular morbidity. In large surveys of patients with uveitis, approximately 5% of patients were found to have ocular sarcoidosis, and approximately 10% of these patients become blind in at least one eye.

AIMS:

AIM 1: CLINICAL ANALYSIS:

Documentation of:

  1. Clinical features of sarcoidosis associated uveitis
  2. Chronological association of ocular disease to histopathologic diagnosis of sarcoidos
  3. Family history of sarcoidosis
  4. Previous therapies and response
  5. Ocular status compared with systemic disease status, current and historical Environmental exposure history

AIM 2: IMMUNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS:

One of the goals of this study is to determine the diagnostically important cytokines in biopsy-proven ocular sarcoidosis.

The chemokine profile of the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Broncho-Alveolar Lavage Fluid (BALF) of pulmonary sarcoidosis patients has been reported and many cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this disease.

  1. Serum Level for

    A. TNF alpha

    B. MIP-1 alpha

    C. IL-8

    D. IL-2

    E. TGF Beta

    F. INF gamma

  2. Immunophenotyping of whole blood cells and BALF by flow cytometry

    Focus on:

    A. T cell sub-typing (examples: CD4, CD8)

    B. NK cell sub-typing (examples:CD56, KIR)

  3. TLRs sub-typing

AIM 3: GENETIC ANALYSIS:

Serum analysis for HLA Class I and II typing

A cohort of 100 patients with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis will be recruited from the Uveitis and Ocular Immunology Clinic at the National Eye Institute and the Pulmonary Clinic at the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute.

FUTURE AIMS:

We aim to characterize the TLR activation profile in patients with ocular sarcoidosis, and compare them to patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis and normal volunteers. Using this immuno-genetic classification scheme, in conjunction with HLA typing, we hope to develop novel diagnostic and/or prognostic criteria for sarcoidosis. In addition, the TLR activation profile may allow risk stratification for different sarcoidosis phenotypes.

METHODS:

A cohort of 100 patients with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis will be recruited from the Uveitis and Ocular Immunology Clinic at the National Eye Institute and the Pulmonary Clinic at the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. After obtaining informed consent, the patients will be invited to participate in the study. After appropriate enrollment, they will undergo the following

  1. Completion of a questionnaire, with medical, social and demographic data
  2. A complete ophthalmologic examination
  3. Baseline serologic analysis
  4. Baseline serum analysis for immunologic analysis
  5. HLA-Typing
  6. Patients who are quiescent will be seen at baseline with a second visit at 1 year
  7. Patients who are active will be treated appropriately, by their referring ophthalmologist or on a treatment protocol at the National Eye Institute

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment

100

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Maryland
      • Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892
        • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

6 years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

  • INCLUSION CRITERIA:

    1. Participants must be at least 6 years old
    2. Participants must have biopsy-proven sarcoidosis
    3. Participant must be able to consent to participating in the protocol
    4. For minors, consent by an adult will be necessary

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

We will exclude participants who are unable or unwilling to give blood at the designated times in the protocol

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

National Eye Institute (NEI)

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

September 18, 2006

Study Completion

December 10, 2007

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 20, 2006

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 20, 2006

First Posted (Estimate)

September 21, 2006

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 2, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 30, 2017

Last Verified

December 10, 2007

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 060239
  • 06-EI-0239

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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