Comparison of Atomoxetine Versus Placebo in Children and Adolescents With ADHD and Comorbid ODD in Germany

A Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison of Atomoxetine Versus Placebo in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Comorbid Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A three-arm, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 4, multicenter study to compare the efficacy and safety of atomoxetine versus placebo in children and adolescents aged 6 through 17 years with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) who are treated as outpatients in Germany. After an initial 3- to 28-day screening and washout phase, participants will be assigned to double-blind treatment with atomoxetine or placebo. A 2 week up-titration period will be succeeded by a 7 week treatment period at the target dose. The primary efficacy measure will be the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Rating Scale Revised (SNAP-IV) ODD subscale score.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Oppositional Defiant Disorder
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Atomoxetine; Drug: Placebo

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 181
• Phase: Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Germany
  • Berlin, Germany, 10789
    • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
  • Dusseldorf, Germany, 40215
    • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
  • Fulda, Germany, 36037
    • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
  • Hamburg, Germany, 22459
    • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
  • Heppenheim, Germany, 64646
    • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
  • Munchen, Germany, 80639
    • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 6 years to 17 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male or female outpatients who are at least 6 years of age, and who will not have reached their 18th birthday
• Diagnosis of ADHD and presence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria A through C for ODD (NOTE: diagnosis for conduct disorder not exclusionary)
• Normal intelligence
• Able to swallow capsules

Exclusion Criteria:

• Weigh less than 20 kilogram (kg) or more than 90 kg at study entry
• Prior treatment with atomoxetine
• History of seizure disorder, suicidal risk, alcohol or drug abuse within the past 3 months
• History of severe allergies or multiple adverse drug reactions
• Cardiovascular disorders: hypertension, unexplained cardiac signs or symptoms, QT (measure of the time between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave in the heart's electrical cycle) prolongation , inherited cardiac disorders

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Atomoxetine Fast Titration; 0.5 milligram per kilogram (mg/kg) daily dose taken orally for 1 week, then 1.2 mg/kg daily dose taken orally for 8 weeks	Drug: Atomoxetine; Dosage form for the atomoxetine fast and slow titration arms consists of 2.5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, and 40 mg capsules. Double-blind treatment will consist of 3 capsules taken once per day for approximately 9 weeks.; Other Names: LY139603; Strattera
Experimental: Atomoxetine Slow Titration; 0.5 mg/kg daily dose taken orally for 1 week, then 0.8 mg/kg daily dose taken orally for 1 week, then 1.2 mg/kg daily dose taken orally for 7 weeks	Drug: Atomoxetine; Dosage form for the atomoxetine fast and slow titration arms consists of 2.5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, and 40 mg capsules. Double-blind treatment will consist of 3 capsules taken once per day for approximately 9 weeks.; Other Names: LY139603; Strattera
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; matching placebo daily dose taken orally	Drug: Placebo; Double-blind treatment will consist of 3 matching placebo capsules taken once per day by mouth for approximately 9 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Rating Scale Revised (SNAP-IV) Oppositional Defiant Disorder: (ODD) Score	The SNAP-IV, a 26-item scale, includes 1 item for each of the 18 symptoms contained in the DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD and 1 item for each of the 8 symptoms contained in the DSM-IV diagnosis of ODD. Each item is scored on a 0 to 3 scale (0=Not at All, 1=Just a Little, 2=Pretty Much, 3=Very Much). The SNAP-IV yields scores in three domains: Inattention (items 1-9: subscore range=0-27), Hyperact-ivity/Impulsivity (items 10-18: subscale range=0-27), and Oppositional (items 19-26: subscale range=0-24). SNAP-IV: ADHD Combined Scale score (inattention + hyperactivity/impulsivity) ranges from 0-54.	9 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Swanson, Nolan & Pelham Rating Scale - Revised (SNAP-IV): ADHD Combined Score	The SNAP-IV: ADHD Combined Subscale for inattention (items 1-9) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (items 11-19) scores the intensity of each item during the last seven days on a 0 to 3 scale (0=not at all, 1=just a little, 2=pretty much, 3=very much). The lowest possible score is 0; highest is 54.	9 weeks
Swanson, Nolan & Pelham Rating Scale - Revised (SNAP-IV): ADHD Inattention Score	The SNAP-IV: ADHD Inattention Subscale (items 1-9) scores the intensity of each item during the last seven days on a 0 to 3 scale (0=not at all, 1=just a little, 2=pretty much, 3=very much). The lowest possible score is 0; highest is 27.	9 weeks
Swanson, Nolan & Pelham Rating Scale - Revised (SNAP-IV): Hyperactivity/Impulsivity Score	The SNAP-IV: ADHD Hyperactivity/Impulsivity Subscale (items 10-18) scores the intensity of each item during the last seven days on a 0 to 3 scale (0=not at all, 1=just a little, 2=pretty much, 3=very much). The lowest possible score is 0; highest is 27.	9 weeks
Parent-Rated Attention-Deficit Scale (FBB-HKS), Total Score: Severity	FBB-HKS ("Fremdbeurteilungsbogen fur Hyperkinetische Storungen"), the German, parent-rated scale for attention-deficit, is a 20-item rating scale which describes ADHD symptom criteria of DSM-IV and is grouped based upon the 3 ADHD domains: inattention (items 1-9); hyperactivity (items 10-16); impulsivity (items 17-20). Parents rated symptom severity of each item during the last 7 days on a 0 to 3 scale (0=not at all to 3=very much). The total score was calculated for ADHD overall (sum of ratings for items 1-20, divided by 20). Higher scores indicate higher severity of symptoms.	9 weeks
Parent-Rated Oppositional Defiant/Conduct Disorders Scale (FBB-SSV): Total Score, Severity	FBB-SSV ("Fremdbeurteilungsbogen fur Storungen des Sozialverhaltens"), the German, parent-rated oppositional defiant/conduct disorders scale, covers 23 criteria for ODD and 25 for conduct disorder (CD) in four sections. Parents rated symptom severity of each item during the last 7 days on a 0 to 3 scale (0=not at all to 3=very much). The total score was calculated for ODD/CD overall (sum of ratings for items 1-17, divided by 17). Higher scores indicate higher severity of symptoms.	9 weeks
Investigator-Rated Individual Target Behaviors (ITB-Inv): Intensity Score	ITB-Inv assesses frequency and intensity of individually-defined target behaviors. The investigator defines 3 individual behavior problems based on interviews and additional information. Those most impairing for the child or stressful for the parents will be chosen as target behavior. Intensity during the last 7 days is rated on a 10-point scale (0=no problems to 9=most severe problems) with the lowest possible score of 0 and the highest possible of 27.	9 weeks
Investigator-Rated Individual Target Behaviors (ITB-Inv): Frequency Score	ITB-Inv assesses frequency and intensity of individually-defined target behaviors. The investigator defines 3 individual behavior problems based on interviews and additional information. Those most impairing for the child or stressful for the parents will be chosen as target behavior. Frequency of each target behavior during the last 7 days is rated on a 6-point scale (0=never to 5=always) with 0 as lowest possible score and 15 the highest possible score.	9 weeks
Impact on Family Scale (FaBel), Total Impact Score	Family burden is assessed by the FaBel questionnaire (German version of the Impact on Family Scale). Questionnaire is answered by participant's caregiver and contains 33 Likert-scaled items to assess general negative impact (of a disability, disorder, disease) on parents, description of social relationships, concern for siblings, financial impact, problems in coping as well as a total score. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale (1=fully applies, 4=applies not at all). Total scores range from 24-96. Higher scores correspond to higher family burden.	9 weeks
Clinical Global Impressions - Severity (CGI-S): ADHD Score	The physician-rated CGI-S ADHD measures the participant's overall severity of ADHD symptoms (1=normal, not at all ill; 7=among the most extremely ill patients) during the last 7 days.	9 weeks
Clinical Global Impressions - Severity (CGI-S): ODD Score	The physician-rated CGI-S ODD measures the participant's overall severity of ODD symptoms (1=normal, not at all ill; 7=among the most extremely ill patients) during the last 7 days.	9 weeks
Clinical Global Impressions - Severity (CGI-S): Combined ADHD and ODD Scores	The physician-rated CGI-S Combined ADHD and ODD measures the participant's overall severity of both ADHD and ODD symptoms (1=normal, not at all ill; 7=among the most extremely ill patients) during the last 7 days.	9 weeks
German Revised Children's Quality of Life Questionnaire (KINDL-R): Total Quality of Life Score	KINDL-R ("Revidierter KINDer Lebensqualitatsfragebogen, revised version"), a validated German quality of life (QOL) questionnaire, provides parents' views on their child's emotional QOL. It consists of 24 items covering 6 QOL related dimensions (subscales) and 7 additional items assessing chronic illness. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale (1= never; 5= all the time). The lowest possible score in the Total QOL score is 0; the highest possible score is 100. Scores were normalized between 0 and 100, irrespective of the number of items per subscore. Higher score indicates better QOL.	9 weeks
German Revised Children's Quality of Life Questionnaire (KINDL-R): Physical Well-Being Score	KINDL-R ("Revidierter KINDer Lebensqualitatsfragebogen, revised version"), a validated German quality of life (QOL) questionnaire, provides parents' views on their child's emotional QOL. It consists of 24 items covering 6 QOL related dimensions (subscales) and 7 additional items assessing chronic illness. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale (1= never; 5= all the time). The lowest possible score on the Physical Well-Being subscale is 0; highest possible score is 100. Scores were normalized between 0 and 100, irrespective of the number of items per subscore. Higher scores indicate better QOL.	9 weeks
German Revised Children's Quality of Life Questionnaire (KINDL-R): Emotional Well-Being Score	KINDL-R ("Revidierter KINDer Lebensqualitatsfragebogen, revised version"), a validated German quality of life (QOL) questionnaire, provides parents' views on their child's emotional QOL. It consists of 24 items covering 6 QOL related dimensions (subscales) and 7 additional items assessing chronic illness. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale (1= never; 5= all the time).The lowest possible score for the Emotional Well-Being subscale is 0; highest possible score is 100. Scores were normalized between 0 and 100, irrespective of the number of items per subscore. Higher scores indicate better QOL.	9 weeks
German Revised Children's Quality of Life Questionnaire (KINDL-R): Self Esteem Score	KINDL-R ("Revidierter KINDer Lebensqualitatsfragebogen, revised version"), a validated German quality of life (QOL) questionnaire, provides parents' views on their child's emotional QOL. It consists of 24 items covering 6 QOL related dimensions (subscales) and 7 additional items assessing chronic illness. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale (1= never; 5= all the time). The lowest possible score on the Self Esteem subscale is 0; the highest possible score is 100. Scores were normalized between 0 and 100, irrespective of the number of items per subscore. Higher scores indicate better QOL.	9 weeks
German Revised Children's Quality of Life Questionnaire (KINDL-R): Family Score	KINDL-R ("Revidierter KINDer Lebensqualitatsfragebogen, revised version"), a validated German quality of life (QOL) questionnaire, provides parents' views on their child's emotional QOL. It consists of 24 items covering 6 QOL related dimensions (subscales) and 7 additional items assessing chronic illness. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale (1=never; 5=all the time). The lowest possible score on the Family subscale is 0; the highest possible score is 100. Scores were normalized between 0 and 100, irrespective of the number of items per subscore. Higher scores indicate better QOL.	9 weeks
German Revised Children's Quality of Life Questionnaire (KINDL-R): Friends Score	KINDL-R ("Revidierter KINDer Lebensqualitatsfragebogen, revised version"), a validated German quality of life (QOL) questionnaire, provides parents' views on their child's emotional QOL. It consists of 24 items covering 6 QOL related dimensions (subscales) and 7 additional items assessing chronic illness. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale (1= never; 5= all the time). The lowest possible score on the Friends subscale is 0; the highest possible score is 100. Scores were normalized between 0 and 100, irrespective of the number of items per subscore. Higher scores indicate better QOL.	9 weeks
German Revised Children's Quality of Life Questionnaire (KINDL-R): School Score	KINDL-R ("Revidierter KINDer Lebensqualitatsfragebogen, revised version"), a validated German quality of life (QOL) questionnaire, provides parents' views on their child's emotional QOL. It consists of 24 items covering 6 QOL related dimensions (subscales) and 7 additional items assessing chronic illness. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale (1= never; 5= all the time). The lowest possible score on the School subscore is 0; the highest possible score is 100. Scores were normalized between 0 and 100, irrespective of the number of items per subscore. Higher scores indicate better QOL.	9 weeks
Number of Participants Discontinuing Treatment	Originally, time to treatment discontinuation was analyzed, deeming participants 'censored' if they reached the end of the observation period, were lost to followup, or withdrew informed consent. Because the median was not reached, the number of participants who discontinued (i.e., those who were not censored) is reported here.	9 weeks
Number of Patients Who Experienced Clinically Relevant Categories of Adverse Events During Initial Three Weeks of Study Treatment	Number of participants who experienced pre-specified categories of clinically relevant adverse events during the initial three-weeks of study treatment. NOTE: this is a subset of the overall adverse events which are reported by participant and event.	3 weeks
Number of Patients Who Experienced Clinically Relevant Categories of Adverse Events During Nine-Week Study Treatment Period	Number of participants who experienced pre-specified categories of clinically relevant adverse events during the nine-week study treatment period. NOTE: this is a subset of the overall adverse events which are reported by participant and event.	9 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Eli Lilly and Company

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Bangs ME, Wietecha LA, Wang S, Buchanan AS, Kelsey DK. Meta-analysis of suicide-related behavior or ideation in child, adolescent, and adult patients treated with atomoxetine. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2014 Oct;24(8):426-34. doi: 10.1089/cap.2014.0005. Epub 2014 Jul 14.

Helpful Links

• Lilly Clinical Trial Registry

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: November 1, 2006
• Primary Completion (Actual): January 1, 2009
• Study Completion (Actual): January 1, 2009

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 29, 2006
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 29, 2006
• First Posted (Estimate): December 4, 2006

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): February 26, 2010
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 19, 2010
• Last Verified: February 1, 2010

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Pathologic Processes; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Dyskinesias; Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Disease; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Hyperkinesis; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Adrenergic Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Membrane Transport Modulators; Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; Atomoxetine Hydrochloride
• Other Study ID Numbers: 11149 (DAIDS ES Registry Number); B4Z-SB-LYDW (Other Identifier: Eli Lilly and Company)