- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT00597584
Safety & Efficacy of Peginesatide for Maintenance Treatment of Anemia in Participants With Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis (EMERALD 2)
AFX01-14: A Phase 3, Randomized, Active-controlled, Open-label, Multi-center Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Peginesatide for the Maintenance Treatment of Anemia in Hemodialysis Patients Previously Treated With Epoetin
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Anemia associated with chronic kidney disease is due to several factors, primarily the inability of the diseased kidneys to produce adequate amounts of endogenous erythropoietin. Ancillary factors include the shortened lifespan of red blood cells, iron and other nutritional deficiencies, infection, and inflammation. The presence and severity of anemia are related to the duration and extent of kidney failure. Anemia is associated with increased mortality, increased likelihood of hospitalization, reduced cognitive function, and increased left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure.
Erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) have been established as a treatment for anemia in chronic renal failure subjects, and have improved the management of anemia over alternatives such as transfusion. Peginesatide is a parenteral formulation developed for the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Peginesatide binds to and activates the human erythropoietin receptor and stimulates erythropoiesis in human red cell precursors in a manner similar to other known erythropoiesis-stimulating agents.
Eligible participants were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to peginesatide administered once every 4 weeks or to continued treatment with epoetin administered 1-3 times each week, respectively. Total commitment time for this study was 4 weeks of screening followed by a minimum of 52 weeks of study treatment.
To evaluate the cardiovascular safety of peginesatide injection, a composite safety endpoint (CSE) was defined for use in prospectively planned analyses which combined cardiovascular safety data from the four Phase 3 peginesatide injection studies (NCT00598273, NCT00597753, NCT00598442, and NCT00597584). The CSE consisted of six events: death, stroke, myocardial infarction, and serious adverse events of congestive heart failure, unstable angina, and arrhythmia. An independent Event Review Committee (ERC) was used to provide blinded adjudication of potential CSE events.
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Phase 3
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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Burgas, Bulgaria, 8000
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Pazardzhik, Bulgaria, 4400
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Pleven, Bulgaria, 5800
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Plovdiv, Bulgaria, 4003
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Plovdiv, Bulgaria, 4000
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Rousse, Bulgaria, 7002
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Sofia, Bulgaria, 1527
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Sofia, Bulgaria, 1606
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Sofia, Bulgaria, 1309
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Sofia, Bulgaria, 1431
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Varna, Bulgaria, 9010
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Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, 5000
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Amiens Cedex 1, France, 80054
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Bordeaux, France, 33000
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Montpellier Cedex 5, France, 34295
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Vannes, France, 56017
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Bremen, Germany, 28359
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Franfurt, Germany, 60528
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Hamburg, Germany, 22297
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Kaiserslautern, Germany, 67655
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Como, Italy, 22100
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Cremona, Italy, 26100
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Lecco, Italy, 23900
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Modena, Italy, 41100
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Prato, Italy, 59100
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Ciechanow, Poland, 06-400
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Katowice, Poland, 40-027
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Pabianice, Poland, 95-200
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Wloclawek, Poland, 87-800
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Bucuresti, Romania, 014461
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Bucuresti, Romania, 050098
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Iasi, Romania, 700503
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Alicante, Spain, 03010
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Barcelona, Spain, 08025
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Barcelona, Spain, 08902
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Barcelona, Spain, 08907
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Ciudad Real, Spain, 13005
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Madrid, Spain, 28041
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Madrid, Spain, 28922
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Santander, Spain, 39008
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Carshalton, United Kingdom, SM5 1AA
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London, United Kingdom, SE5 9RS
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London, United Kingdom, E1 1BB
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London, United Kingdom, SW17 0QT
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Swansea, United Kingdom, SA6 6NL
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Arizona
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Phoenix, Arizona, United States, 85012
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Arkansas
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Hot Springs, Arkansas, United States, 71901
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McGehee, Arkansas, United States, 71654
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Pine Bluff, Arkansas, United States, 71603
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California
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Bakersfield, California, United States, 93309
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Glendale, California, United States, 91205
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Los Angeles, California, United States, 90033
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Los Angeles, California, United States, 90048
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Los Angeles, California, United States, 90073
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Riverside, California, United States, 92505
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Simi Valley, California, United States, 93065
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Whittier, California, United States, 90602
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Yuba City, California, United States, 95991
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Colorado
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Westminster, Colorado, United States, 80031
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Florida
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Lauderdale Lakes, Florida, United States, 33313
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Miami, Florida, United States, 33173
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Pinecrest, Florida, United States, 33156
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Illinois
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Flossmoor, Illinois, United States, 60422
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Hines, Illinois, United States, 60141
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Kentucky
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Louisville, Kentucky, United States, 40202
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Maryland
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Rockville, Maryland, United States, 20850
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Massachusetts
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Springfield, Massachusetts, United States, 01107
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Michigan
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Detroit, Michigan, United States, 48202
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Detroit, Michigan, United States, 48236
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Mississippi
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Brookhaven, Mississippi, United States, 39601
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New York
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Bronx, New York, United States, 10461
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Brooklyn, New York, United States, 11238
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Flushing, New York, United States, 11355
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North Carolina
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Asheville, North Carolina, United States, 28801
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Ohio
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Toledo, Ohio, United States, 43606
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Oklahoma
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Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, 73116
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Pennsylvania
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Erie, Pennsylvania, United States, 16507
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Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19141
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Rhode Island
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Providence, Rhode Island, United States, 02904
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South Carolina
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Orangeburg, South Carolina, United States, 29118
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Texas
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Arlington, Texas, United States, 76015
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Houston, Texas, United States, 77099
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San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78215
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Virginia
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Fairfax, Virginia, United States, 22033
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria
- Participants with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis for ≥ 3 months prior to randomization.
- On IV epoetin alfa or beta maintenance therapy continuously prescribed for a minimum of 8 weeks prior to randomization.
- Four consecutive hemoglobin values with a mean ≥ 10.0 and ≤ 12.0 g/dL during the Screening Period.
Exclusion Criteria
- Females who are pregnant or breast-feeding.
- Known intolerance to any erythropoiesis stimulating agent or pegylated molecule or to all parenteral iron supplementation products.
- Known bleeding or coagulation disorder.
- Known hematologic disease or cause of anemia other than renal disease
- Poorly controlled hypertension.
- Evidence of active malignancy within one year prior to randomization.
- Temporary (untunneled) dialysis access catheter.
- A scheduled kidney transplant.
- A scheduled surgery that may be expected to lead to significant blood loss.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
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Experimental: Peginesatide
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Participants received peginesatide by intravenous (IV) or subcutaneous (SC) injection once every 4 weeks. The starting dose was based on the participant's total weekly epoetin alfa or beta dose during the last week of the Screening Period; the first dose was administered one week after the last epoetin alfa or beta dose. Participants who received epoetin alfa or beta IV at the time of screening received peginesatide IV during the study, and participants who received epoetin alfa or beta SC at the time of screening received peginesatide SC during the study. The dose was adjusted to maintain hemoglobin levels in a target range of 10.0-12.0 g/dL and ± 1.5 g/dL from baseline during the Titration and Evaluation Periods, and 10.0-12.0 g/dL during the Long-Term Safety and Efficacy Period.
Other Names:
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Active Comparator: Epoetin
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Participants continued to receive commercially available epoetin alfa or beta by intravenous or subcutaneous injection, at the same starting dose, frequency and route of administration as received during the last week of the Screening Period, with the first study dose of epoetin alfa or beta administered after randomization at Week 0. The dose was adjusted to maintain hemoglobin levels in a target range of 10.0-12.0 g/dL and ± 1.5 g/dL from baseline during the Titration and Evaluation Periods, and 10.0-12.0 g/dL during the Long-Term Safety and Efficacy Period.
Other Names:
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
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Mean Change in Hemoglobin Between Baseline and the Evaluation Period
Time Frame: Baseline to Weeks 29-36
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The baseline hemoglobin value is defined as the mean of five hemoglobin values: the four most recent hemoglobin values taken prior to the day of randomization and the value obtained on the day of randomization.
The mean hemoglobin during the Evaluation Period for each participant is calculated as the mean of the available hemoglobin values during study Weeks 29 through 36.
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Baseline to Weeks 29-36
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Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Time Frame |
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Proportion of Participants Who Receive Red Blood Cell (RBC) Transfusions During the Titration and Evaluation Periods
Time Frame: Weeks 0 to 36
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Weeks 0 to 36
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Proportion of Participants Whose Mean Hemoglobin Level During the Evaluation Period is Within the Target Range of 10.0 - 12.0 Grams Per Deciliter (g/dL)
Time Frame: Weeks 29 to 36
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Weeks 29 to 36
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Collaborators and Investigators
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Fishbane S, Schiller B, Locatelli F, Covic AC, Provenzano R, Wiecek A, Levin NW, Kaplan M, Macdougall IC, Francisco C, Mayo MR, Polu KR, Duliege AM, Besarab A; EMERALD Study Groups. Peginesatide in patients with anemia undergoing hemodialysis. N Engl J Med. 2013 Jan 24;368(4):307-19. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1203165.
- Macdougall IC, Provenzano R, Sharma A, Spinowitz BS, Schmidt RJ, Pergola PE, Zabaneh RI, Tong-Starksen S, Mayo MR, Tang H, Polu KR, Duliege AM, Fishbane S; PEARL Study Groups. Peginesatide for anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease not receiving dialysis. N Engl J Med. 2013 Jan 24;368(4):320-32. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1203166.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Estimate)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimate)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- AFX01-14
- 2007-004153-28 (EudraCT Number)
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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