Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Improve Speech in Aphasia

December 1, 2016 updated by: Margaret Naeser, Boston University

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Improve Speech

The purpose of this study is to examine whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can be used to improve speech in chronic stroke patients with aphasia. Aphasia patients can have problems with speech production. The rTMS procedure allows painless, noninvasive stimulation of human cortex from outside the head.

Chronic aphasia patients have been observed in our functional magnetic resonance brain imaging studies to have excess brain activation in brain areas possibly related to language on the right side of the brain (opposite side to where the stroke took place). It is expected that suppression of activity in the directly targeted brain region will have an overall modulating effect on the neural network for naming (and propositional speech) and will result in behavioral improvement.

Study Overview

Detailed Description

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research is to investigate whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can improve speech in chronic stroke patients with aphasia. TMS allows painless, noninvasive stimulation of brain cortex (1 cm x 1 cm). Slow (1 Hz) rTMS appears to decrease excitability in the targeted cortical region of interest (ROI) leading to measurable behavioral effects. Chronic aphasia patients have been observed in our fMRI work (and others) to have increased activation in right (R) Broca's and other R language homologues during language tasks. It is hypothesized that suppression of activity in a directly targeted right hemisphere (RH) ROI will have an overall modulating effect on functionally connected elements of the distributed neural network for naming (and propositional speech), and will result in behavioral improvement.

RESEARCH PLAN AND METHODS:

Nonfluent aphasia patients (>6 Mo. poststroke) will be studied. The rTMS treatments in Boston take place at the Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School under the supervision of Alvaro Pascual-Leone, M.D., Ph.D. and additional patients will be studied at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, H. Branch Coslett, M.D., who is a P.I. on that subcontract. This is a blinded, randomized, sham-control, incomplete crossover design. Naming and language tests are obtained pre- and post- rTMS.

Treatment Design: Multiple Baseline Language Evaluations (x3) are performed at Entry (Boston Naming Test, BNT; and Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Exam, BDAE). Primary Outcome Measures are BNT; and Number of Words per Longest Phrase Length (cookie theft picture description) from the BDAE. Patients are randomly assigned to receive a series of either Sham rTMS followed by a series of Real rTMS; OR they receive only the series of Real rTMS. The Sham series is identical to the Real, however, no magnetic pulse is emitted from the coil, although the patient hears the same clicking sound emitted from the coil. Due to space limitation here, only the Real rTMS treatment schedule is described.

There are two rTMS Phases: During Phase 1, the single, best RH cortical ROI to suppress with rTMS to improve picture naming, is determined for each patient. Real rTMS (1 Hz, 90% motor threshold) is applied for 10 minutes, in separate rTMS sessions, to each of 4 different RH cortical ROIs (R ant. BA 45; R post. BA 45; R BA 44 and R M1, mouth). Snodgrass & Vanderwart (S&V, 1980) Picture Naming is tested immediately before and after each ROI has been suppressed with rTMS. The single RH ROI which is associated with at least a 2 SD improvement (above S&V Naming, tested 3x at Baseline), immediately following 10 minutes of rTMS to suppress that cortical area, is considered to be the Best Response ROI for that patient. During Phase 2, the Best Response ROI from Phase 1 is suppressed for 20 minutes, 5 days per week, 2 weeks. All patients receive follow-up BNT and BDAE testing at 2 months following the 10th Real (or Sham) rTMS treatment.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

63

Phase

  • Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

    • Massachusetts
      • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02130
        • VA Boston Healthcare System, Jamaica Plain Campus, Boston University Aphasia Research Center (12-A), 150 So. Huntington Ave.
      • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02215
        • Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, 330 Brookline Ave, Kirstein Bldg., Dept. of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
    • Pennsylvania
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104-4283
        • Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3 W. Gates Bldg.

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

45 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Right Handed
  • Single, Left Hemisphere Cerebrovascular Stroke
  • Must be at least 6 months poststroke onset
  • Native Speaker of English
  • Clinical Diagnosis of Aphasia

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Intracranial metallic body from prior neurosurgical procedure
  • Implanted metallic devices: pacemaker, medication pump, vagal stimulator, deep brain stimulator, TENS unit or ventriculoperitoneal shunt
  • Past history of seizure within 1 year
  • Pregnancy
  • History of substance abuse within last 6 months

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: Triple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Real rTMS
These patients receive a series of 10 Real Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Repetitive (rTMS), treatments, only. There is pre-testing, and post-testing at 2 months after the last Real rTMS treatment.
10 rTMS treatments (90% of motor threshold, 20 minutes, at 1 Hz) to specific right hemisphere area of brain cortex; 5 days per week for 2 weeks at the Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; or at the Neurology Department, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Sham Comparator: Sham rTMS
Patients receive a series of 10 Sham Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Repetitive (rTMS) treatments, followed by a series of 10 Real rTMS treatments. Sham rTMS treatments are identical to the Real rTMS treatments, however, no magnetic pulse is released. There is pre-testing, and post-testing at 2 months after the last Sham rTMS treatment.
10 rTMS treatments (90% of motor threshold, 20 minutes, at 1 Hz) to specific right hemisphere area of brain cortex; 5 days per week for 2 weeks at the Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; or at the Neurology Department, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Picture Naming
Time Frame: Baseline and 2 months after the last rTMS treatment session
Pictures named correctly on Boston Naming Test (BNT), First 20 Pictures
Baseline and 2 months after the last rTMS treatment session
Phrase Length
Time Frame: Baseline and 2 months after the last rTMS treatment session
Longest Number of Words per Phrase Length, for elicited propositional speech for BDAE Cookie Theft Picture Description
Baseline and 2 months after the last rTMS treatment session

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Investigators

  • Study Chair: Margaret A Naeser, Ph.D., Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
  • Principal Investigator: H B Coslett, M.D., Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
  • Principal Investigator: Alvaro Pascual-Leone, M.D., Ph.D., Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

July 1, 2002

Primary Completion (Actual)

June 1, 2013

Study Completion (Actual)

June 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

January 24, 2008

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 24, 2008

First Posted (Estimate)

February 6, 2008

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

January 31, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 1, 2016

Last Verified

December 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

  • NIH-DC05672
  • R01DC005672 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
  • Boston Medical Ctr IRB-H22484 (Other Identifier: Boston University School of Medicine)
  • VA Boston Healthcare IRB-1145 (Other Identifier: VA Boston Healthcare System)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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