Association Between Urine Concentration Ability and the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease

The study hypothesis is that urine concentrating ability can predict the rate of kidney function decline.

Patients with kidney disease at the investigatorsclinic will be asked to give first morning urine sample and osmolarity will be measured. The investigators will follow up kidney function decline and check if there is association with urine osmolarity.

Study Overview

• Status: Unknown
• Conditions: Chronic Kidney Disease

Detailed Description

Design:

Prospective observational study

Setting:

Predialysis clinic.

Participants:

We will include adults >18 years providing signed informed consent.

Inclusion:

Patients with CKD and estimated GFR of less then 50 mL per minute estimated by the short MDRD equation base on two creatinine values taken at least two weeks apart and are not getting steroids or immunosuppressive medication as treatment for their primary kidney disease.

Exclusion:

1. Life expectancy of less then 6 month.
2. Expected to start renal replacement therapy within 3 month.
3. Acute or acute on chronic renal failure with reversible component.
4. Treatment with AVP inhibitors.
5. Chronic hyponatremia (Na+<135 in two measurement two weeks apart).
6. Primary polydipsia.
7. Inability to give informed consent.
8. Clinical hypovolemia.

Outcomes:

Primary outcomes:

Rate of GFR decline as assessed by short MDRD equation with at least three measurements at least three month apart.

. Secondary efficacy

1. Rate of ESKD define as need RRT.
2. Overall mortality.
3. ESKD and overall mortality.
4. Blood pressure as assessed by clinic measurement.
5. Protein creatinine ratio in random urine sample.
6. Hemoglobin level.
7. Need for erythropoietin treatment.
8. Blood level of 25OH vitamin D and 1,25OH vitamin D.
9. PTH, calcium and phosphate level.
10. The occurrence of edema by physical evaluation.

Predefined subgroup analysis:

1. Diabetic patients.
2. Patients treated with diuretics.

Sample size:

We will need to recruit about 200 patients.

Statistical methods:

We will use linear regression analysis with 95% CI for the continuous variable. And chi square for dichotomous variable.

Data collection and trial flow:

All patients in predialysis clinic of Dan district of "Kupat holim clalit" will be screen. Patients fulfilling inclusion criteria will be approached by trial investigator for informed consent and trial recruitment. For patients fulfilling inclusion criteria that will not consent to participate we will be record name and ID without further details. Consenting patients will bring the three samples of first voided urine of the morning for osmolarity, PH, sodium, potassium and chloride.

Patient recruitment:

Baseline data collection:

Collection of data will include baseline conditions, primary kidney disease, current medications, clinical evaluation for edema and blood pressure.

Laboratory results will include creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium, GFR assessed by short MDRD equation, protein creatinine ratio in random urine sample Hb level, vitamin D level calcium, phosphorus and PTH.

Follow-up and outcome data collection:

1. Creatinine, estimated GFR, urea, sodium, potassium chloride, hemoglobin and protein creatinine ratio in random urine sample at least every three month
2. Clinical assessment for edema and blood pressure ant least every three month.
3. Time to initiation of dialysis or transplantation.
4. Mortality of any cause and cardiovascular mortality.
5. Hospitalization for any cause and the length of hospital stay.
6. The need for ESA treatment and ESA dose will be recorded.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 200

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Israel
  • Ganey Tiqua, Israel, 55900
    • Pre dialysis clinic Dan Petach Tiqua county General health service
    • Contact: Benaya Rozen-zvi, MD; Phone Number: 050-8773766; Email: benayarz@gmail.com
    • Contact: Boris Zingerman, MD; Phone Number: 050-6260428; Email: borisz@clalit.org.il

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients with CKD and estimated GFR of less then 50 mL per minute.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with CKD and estimated GFR of less then 50 mL per minute estimated by the short MDRD equation base on two creatinine values taken at least two weeks apart and are not getting steroids or immunosuppressive medication as treatment for their primary kidney disease.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Life expectancy of less then 6 month.
2. Expected to start renal replacement therapy within 3 month.
3. Acute or acute on chronic renal failure with reversible component.
4. Treatment with AVP inhibitors.
5. Chronic hyponatremia (Na+<135 in two measurement two weeks apart).
6. Primary polydipsia.
7. Inability to give informed consent.
8. Clinical hypovolemia.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
eGFR slope	Creatinnie value will be measured at least every three month and eGFR will be calculated by MDRD equation. A regression line will be plotted against time and the eGFR slope will be calculated.	12 month

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Benaya Rozen-Zvi
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Benaya Rozen-Zvi, MD, General health services - Dan Petach tiqua county

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: October 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): October 1, 2013
• Study Completion (Anticipated): October 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 23, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 24, 2011
• First Posted (Estimate): August 25, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): August 25, 2011
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 24, 2011
• Last Verified: August 1, 2011

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Glomerular filtration rate; Urine osmolarity
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Urologic Diseases; Renal Insufficiency; Kidney Diseases; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
• Other Study ID Numbers: UCONC