Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity and β Cell Function by Clamps Studies

January 15, 2017 updated by: Anil Bhansali, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity and β Cell Function by Clamps Studies After Stem Cell Transplantation in T2DM

India is the "Diabetes Capital of the World" with 41 million Indians having diabetes i.e. every fifth diabetic in the world is an Indian. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) constitutes the major chunk of diabetes and has insulin resistance as the hallmark feature in the pathogenesis. However, with the progression of the disease the insulin resistance becomes stable whereas β - cell function shows a gradual decline due to its ongoing apoptosis. This ultimately leads to inability of the β - cells to cope up with the increased demand of insulin caused due to insulin resistance and manifests as hyperglycemia. As β - cell failure is progressive and inexorable, as demonstrated in United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study, most of the patients with T2DM would eventually require insulin and it would be difficult to achieve to attain a strict glycemic control . It is well known that diabetes related complications which account for morbidity and mortality in this disease can be prevented or delayed by strict glycemic control. However, even with intensive insulin therapy it has been shown that glycemic control can never be perfect with patients exhibiting hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia during 24 hour glucose profile. Also insulin therapy is not physiological as there is no hepatic "first - pass" metabolism of insulin which is required for halting the hepatic glucose output, which is responsible for fasting hyperglycemia. This led the researchers to evolve various strategies of β - cell replacement therapy e.g. pancreatic transplantation and islet cell transplantation. Initially the results of islet cell transplantation were dismal but after the induction of glucocorticoid free immunosuppressive therapy and the use of adequate number of islet cells from multiple donors, the results of islet cell transplantation have been better. However, islet cell transplantation has its own limitations viz insufficient supply, being technically demanding and requirement of lifelong immunosuppressive therapy in the recipient.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The shortcomings can be overcome by the use of stem cells which is an inexhaustible source of β -cells. Stem cells are primitive cells capable of differentiating into mature cells of the body of various lineages. Stem cells can be obtained from various sources like blastocyst (embryonal stem cells), umbilical cord or bone marrow. There is an evidence to suggest that stem cell transplantation can lead to improvement in pancreatic endocrine function and improvement in glycemic control in diabetic mice through various mechanisms such as transdifferentiation or regeneration of endothelial cell in the damaged islets which in turn lead to regeneration of islet cells by paracrine action. However, till date there is no study that demonstrates that stem cell therapy can be effective in patients with T2DM for their glycemic control.

The investigators propose to carry out autologous bone marrow - derived stem cell transplantation (ABMSCT) in patients of T2DM, obtained from their own bone marrow and its superselective injection into the gastroduodenal artery after purification without any immunosuppressive regimen.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

7

Phase

  • Phase 2
  • Phase 3

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

30 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Failure to triple oral hypoglycemic agent and on stable doses of insulin for at least 3 months.
  • On vildagliptin,pioglitazone and metformin for at least 3 months along with Insulin to maintain euglycemia.
  • HbA1c < 7.5%.
  • Insulin requirement ≥0.4 IU/kg/d.
  • GAD antibody negative status.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus or secondary diabetes.
  • Patients with serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl.
  • Abnormal liver function tests (defined as value of transaminases > 3 times the upper value of normal or serum bilirubin higher than normal for the reference value for the laboratory).
  • History of cholecystitis/ cholelithiasis/cholecystectomy.
  • Seropositivity for HIV, HBsAg and hepatitis C virus (HCV).
  • History of myocardial infarction or unstable angina in the previous 3 months.
  • History of malignancy.
  • Patients with active infections.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: MNCs GROUP
Patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus
200 - 300 ml of bone marrow will be aspirated and layered on density gradient medium (Ficoll - hypaque ) and stem cells will be separated. Separated mono nucleated cells will injected into superior pancreatico duodenal artery. Patients will be urged to monitor and document blood glucose readings for next 6 months. Glucagon stimulated C - peptide HYPERGLYCEMIC CLAMP FOR ASSESSMENT OF BETA CELL FUNCTION , AND EUGLYCEMIC CLAMP TO ASSESS INSULIN SENSITIVITY .Homeostasis Model of Assessment - Insulin Resistance and Beta cell function ,HbA1c, lipid profile and biochemistry will be done at baseline and 6 months

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Improvement in insulin sensitivity after stem cell transplantation
Time Frame: 6 months
Stem cells will be transplanted in patients with T2DM. Pre and Pro stem cell transplantation Insulin sensitivity(pmol/l) will be assessed by euglycemic clamp .
6 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Improvement in β cell function after stem cell transplantation
Time Frame: 6 months
Stem cells will be transplanted in patients with T2DM. Pre and Pro stem cell transplantation β cell function(nmol/L) will be assessed by hyperglycemia clamp .
6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: anil Bhansali, DM, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

January 1, 2016

Primary Completion (Actual)

October 1, 2016

Study Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

January 10, 2016

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 22, 2016

First Posted (Estimate)

January 25, 2016

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

January 18, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 15, 2017

Last Verified

January 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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