Adequate Protein Intake Per Meal and Physical Disability in Mexican Adults Aged 60 Years and Older

This study sought to determine if the number of meals per day with an adequate protein content (defined as eating >30 g protein or >0.4 g protein/kg body mass each) is associated with presenting physical disability in Mexican adults aged 60 years and older. Physical disability was evaluated with self-reported questionnaires for different activities of daily living.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Aging
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: No intervention

Detailed Description

Detailed dietary information was obtained for each participant to estimate dietary protein intake per meal (breakfast, lunch, dinner). One meal was considered with adequate protein content if it contained >30 g or >0.4 g/kg. Then, the number of meals with an adequate protein content was counted and classified as Zero meals, One meal, or Two or Three meals.

Physical disability was assessed with two validated questionnaires. One for instrumental activities of daily living (Lawton) and another for activities of daily living (Barthel). Disability was classified for each questionnaire item according to the authors' scales. Most items considered a physical disability if the participant reported any difficulty performing that task.

To analyze the association between the number of meals with adequate protein content (predictive variable) and physical disability (outcome variable), we used binomial logistic regression for each item. For the number of meals, we set the group of Zero meals as the reference. The analyses were adjusted for age, BMI categories, number of diagnosed diseases, sex, and inadequate protein intake per day (<1.2 g/kg/d).

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 187

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Mexico
  • Jalisco
    • Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, 44430
      • Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas a la Actividad Física y al Deporte

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 60 years to 95 years (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Older aged Mexican adults attending to the Geriatrics Department at the Western General Hospital (Hospital General de Occidente) for their usual medical screening or first-time assessment.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Subjects able to stand up and walk independently or with walking sticks only.
• Subjects able to answer questionnaires independently or with minimum caregivers' assistance.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Subjects reporting any kind of hospitalization within the last year.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Participants; Older aged (>60 years) Mexican adults attending to the Geriatrics Department from the Western General Hospital (Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico).	Other: No intervention; Cross-sectional

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Disability on Instrumental Activities of Daily Living	Disability reported for each item of instrumental activities of daily living (assessed with Lawton questionnaire). This instrument assesses how well the subject performs some daily activities involving tools (e.g. handling finances, taking medication, using the telephone). The instrument consists of five items for men and eight for women, and each item is coded for 0 (disabled) or 1 (functional) depending on if subjects are capable to successfully complete the activity. We only used the five items that apply for both men and women.	One day

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Disability on Activities of Daily Living	Disability reported for each item of activities of daily living (assessed with Barthel questionnaire). This instrument assesses how well the subject performs some daily activities (e.g. dressing, using stairs). The instrument consists of ten items for both men and women coded as 0 or multiples of 5 (i.e. 5, 10, 15) depending on if subjects are capable to successfully complete the activity. When the subject performs the activity without difficulty (the highest score) he/she is deemed as functional, and any other difficulty as a disability.	One day

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Mexico
• Collaborators: Hospital General de Occidente

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): January 1, 2017
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): July 1, 2017
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): August 1, 2017

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 27, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 27, 2020
• First Posted (ACTUAL): January 29, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): January 29, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 27, 2020
• Last Verified: January 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Older adults; Physical disability; Protein intake; Mexican adults
• Other Study ID Numbers: HGO-ICAAFYD18-4

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No