Clinimetric and Instrumental Characterization of Fighter Pilots With Flight-related Neck Pain.

June 14, 2023 updated by: Carlos Fernández-Morales, Universidad de Extremadura

Clinimetric and Instrumental Characterization of Fighter Pilots With Flight-related Neck Pain. Observational Study

The objective of the study is to detect the state of clinical and instrumental factors related in fighter pilots with non-specific mechanical neck pain.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Detailed Description

A prevalence study (descriptive, observational, cross-sectional) was carried out, in which clinimetric variables (range of active cervical movement, motor control and electrical activity), perceived pain (using NSMNP and algometry) and disability were evaluated. The sample (n = 18) is divided into instructors (n = 7) and students (n = 11). The objective of this study is to characterize descriptively at the sociodemographic level and to know the state of health in relation to clinimetric variables of the fighter pilots of the Talavera la Real air base (Badajoz) to determine the risk of developing an neck injury.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

18

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Spain
      • Badajoz, Spain, 06006
        • Universidad de Extremadura

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The selection of the sample was made in the accessible population of the Talavera la Real Air Base (Badajoz).

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Numerical pain rating scale. Participants rated the intensity of their neck pain at rest on an 11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), where 0 was no pain and 10 maximum pain .The pilots airforce were asked to indicate the pain levels that they experienced when they wake up in the morning. Cleland et al reported that the minimal detectable change (MDC) and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the numeric pain rating scale were 1.3 and 2.1 points, respectively, in patients with mechanical neck pain.
  • Joint Position Sense. This test assesses the ability to relocate the head to its natural posture, and is a test of cervical proprioception. It consists of a visual measurement of error in moving the head to the initial neutral position after active cervical rotation. If the average difference between the initial and final position is equivalent to an error of 4.5 degrees, it is considered abnormal and the subject could be included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Cervical pain that occurs with irradiation to the upper limbs and / or radiculopathy.
  • Cervical spine surgery.
  • Have received physical therapy treatment six weeks prior to data collection.
  • Being involved in an on-going medico-legal dispute.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: Case-Only
  • Time Perspectives: Cross-Sectional

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Instructors group
Group of flight instructors at the reactor school.
Students group
Group of students at the reactor school.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Range of movement
Time Frame: 1 week
For the evaluation of cervical ROM, we will use a conventional two-branch goniometer, from the EnrafNonius® brand. Subjects will be placed in a sitting position on a stool, with a neutral neck and head position. The range of active cervical mobility presented by the patients was measured in reference to the three planes of the space. In the sagittal plane, the degrees of mobility to flexion and extension were measured, in the frontal plane the right and left inclinations, and in the transverse plane both rotations.
1 week
Disability
Time Frame: 1 week

The degree of cervical disability involvement was measured through the Neck Disability Index (NDI), translated into Spanish, presenting optimum reliability and internal validity. It consists of 10 sections, 4 of them are related to subjective symptoms and the other 6 are related to basic activities of daily life.

Each of the sections presents 6 possible responses, scoring these from 0 to 5 according to progression of functional disability.

Scores less than 5 points indicate non-disability, between 5-14 points indicates mild disability, values between 30-48 points moderate disability, between 50-64 points severe disability and those that exceed 70 points represent complete disability.
1 week

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Pressure pain thresholds
Time Frame: 1 week
A mechanical pressure Fisher algometer (Force Dial model FDK 40) with a 1 cm² area contact head was used to measure the pressure pain threshold. The reliability of pressure algometry has been found to be high [intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.91 (95% confidence interval, 0.82-0.97)]. With the participant in supine, the pressure pain threshold of the the myofascial trigger point nº2 of the upper trapezius muscle according to Travell and Simons and the central trigger point of the sternocleidomastoid muscle was bilaterally evaluated. Also, in sitting position the pressure pain threshold of the myofascial trigger point of the scapula elevator muscle was bilaterally evaluated. The minimal clinically important difference (MCDI) is 1.2 Kg/cm2.
1 week
Surface electromyographic
Time Frame: 1 week
The electromyography (EMG) signal of the upper trapezius muscle was recorded during 3 step contractions of shoulder elevation force (15%-30% maximal voluntary contraction). Se tomo el valor más alto de las tres contracciones. The signal of the sternocleidomastoid muscle was recorded during 3 billateraly step contractions of neck flexión and antepulsion neck force. Both contractions were performed in a combined and simultaneous movement, recreating the movement produced by the reaction forces in the takeoff and landing of the fighter jet. Both movements were made at 15%-30% maximal voluntary contraction, as used by Calamita et al on the same musculature in subjects with nonspecific neck pain.
1 week
Kinesophobia
Time Frame: 1 week
The Spanish version of the TSK-11 was used to measure fear of movement. Higher scores indicate greater fear-avoidance behaviors. The TSK-11 has demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and validity.
1 week
Catastrophic pain
Time Frame: 1 week
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) is a self-administered scale of 13 items and one of the most used to assess catastrophism of pain. The subjects take their past painful experiences as a reference and indicate the degree to which they experienced each of the 13 thoughts or feelings on a 5-point Líkert scale ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (always). The theoretical range of the instrument is between 13 and 62, indicating low scores, little catastrophism, and high values, high catastrophism.
1 week

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Universidad de Extremadura

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Carlos Fernández-Morales, PT, MSc, Universidad de Extremadura

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

March 8, 2021

Primary Completion (Actual)

March 15, 2021

Study Completion (Actual)

April 20, 2021

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

May 19, 2020

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 19, 2020

First Posted (Actual)

May 20, 2020

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

June 15, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 14, 2023

Last Verified

June 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 01 (Miami VAHS)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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