Effects of Canola Oil and Coconut Oil on Postprandial Metabolism in Older Adults With Increased Cardiometabolic Risk

Acute Effects of Canola Oil Compared With Coconut Oil on Postprandial Metabolism in Women and Men With Increased Risk for Cardiometabolic Diseases

The aim of this study is to investigate the postprandial effects of fat content and fatty acid composition of mixed meals on parameters associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Therefore, older subjects with increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases consume 4 mixed meals with 25 or 50 g of either canola or coconut oil. In a postprandial period of 6 hours, outcomes associated with cardiometabolic risk (e.g., triglycerides) are analyzed.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases; Metabolic Syndrome
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Mixed meals

Detailed Description

In a crossover design, 30 older men and women with increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases consume 4 mixed meals, enriched with either 25 or 50 g canola or coconut oil. During a postprandial period of 6 hours, parameters of lipid metabolism (e.g., plasma triglycerides), glucose metabolism (e.g., plasma glucose, serum insulin), as well as markers of inflammation (e.g., IL-6), vascular system (e.g., pulse wave velocity) and antioxidant system (e.g., trolox equivalent antioxidative capacity) are analyzed. Furthermore, fatty acid profile, neuropsychologic parameters (e.g., appetite) and satiety-associated hormones (e.g., Ghrelin) are assessed. Each intervention arm will be separated by a washout period of about 14 days.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 30
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Germany
  • Bonn, Germany, 53115
    • University of Bonn

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 60 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• BMI: 27 - 34,9 kg/m2
• Waist circumference: women ≥ 80 cm, men ≥ 94 cm
• At least two of the following criteria of metabolic syndrome:

Fasting triglycerides in serum: ≥ 150 mg/dl Fasting HDL-Cholesterol in serum: women < 50 mg/dl, men < 40 mg/dl Systolic blood pressure: ≥ 130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure: ≥ 85 mmHg Fasting glucose in plasma: ≥ 100 mg/dL

Exclusion Criteria:

• Smoking
• Diseases that may impact outcome measures (e.g., thyroid diseases, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, impaired renal function, tumors, anemia)
• Intake of immunosuppressives or supplements (e.g., fish oil)
• Participation in another study

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

4

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Canola oil high-fat; Participants randomized to receive a mixed meal with 50 g canola oil	Dietary supplement: Mixed meals; Mixed meals enriched with either 25 or 50 g of canola or coconut oil
Experimental: Coconut oil high-fat; Participants randomized to receive a mixed meal with 50 g coconut oil	Dietary supplement: Mixed meals; Mixed meals enriched with either 25 or 50 g of canola or coconut oil
Experimental: Canola oil low-fat; Participants randomized to receive a mixed meal with 25 g canola oil	Dietary supplement: Mixed meals; Mixed meals enriched with either 25 or 50 g of canola or coconut oil
Experimental: Coconut oil low-fat; Participants randomized to receive a mixed meal with 25 g coconut oil	Dietary supplement: Mixed meals; Mixed meals enriched with either 25 or 50 g of canola or coconut oil

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood I	Measurement of triglycerides (mg/dl)	Postprandial period of 6 hours
Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood II	Measurement of total cholesterol (mg/dl)	Postprandial period of 6 hours
Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood III	Measurement of LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	Postprandial period of 6 hours
Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood IV	Measurement of HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	Postprandial period of 6 hours
Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood VI	Measurement of free fatty acids (mmol/L)	Postprandial period of 6 hours
Parameters of glucose metabolism in blood I	Measurement of glucose (mg/dl)	Postprandial period of 6 hours
Parameters of glucose metabolism in blood II	Measurement of insulin (nmol/L)	Postprandial period of 6 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Postprandial inflammation	Measurement of parameters of inflammation in blood (e.g., IL-6 in pg/ml)	Postprandial period of 6 hours
Antioxidant system	Measurement of parameters of antioxidant system in blood (e.g., TEAC in mmol Trolox equivalents/L)	Postprandial period of 6 hours
Fatty acid profile	Analysis of fatty acid profile in serum (e.g., alpha-linolenic acid in µmol/L)	Postprandial period of 6 hours
Assessment of hunger and satiety	Assessment via visual analogue scales (e.g., 0 = not hungry at all, 10 = very hungry)	Postprandial period of 6 hours
Assessment of attention and memory	Assessment via validated neuropsychological questionnaires (paper-pencil)	Postprandial period of 6 hours
Postprandial endothelial function	Assessment via the Vicorder device (e.g., measurement of pulse wave velocity in m/s)	Postprandial period of 6 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Bonn
• Collaborators: Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants (UFOP, Germany)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Sarah Egert, Prof. Dr., University of Bonn

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 9, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 18, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): October 18, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 23, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 12, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): January 26, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 7, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 2, 2023
• Last Verified: November 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Postprandial metabolic events
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Insulin Resistance; Hyperinsulinism; Cardiovascular Diseases; Metabolic Syndrome
• Other Study ID Numbers: 528/191

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No