Clinical Assessment of a Customized Free-form Progressive Addition Lens Spectacle (CZV_PAL1)

April 17, 2017 updated by: Meng C. Lin, University of California, Berkeley
The purpose of this study was to compare objective clinical measures of visual performance and subjective measures of satisfaction and preference between standard progressive addition lens (PAL) spectacles and a new type of free-form surfaced, optically customized PAL spectacle.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

In a double-masked crossover trial, 95 experienced wearers wore customized free-form PAL spectacles (Test) and standard non-free-form PAL spectacles (Control) for one week each. All subjects wore both Test and Control spectacles, and the pair to be worn first was randomly assigned. At dispensing and after 1 week of wear, subjects were tested for distance and near visual acuity (VA) under both high and low contrast; in addition, 30 degree off-axis VA was measured using a novel apparatus, as was the horizontal extent of undistorted vision at reading distance. Subjects also completed a set of questionnaires detailing their satisfaction levels, adaptation times, and preferences for Test or Control spectacles for different visual tasks.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

95

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • California
      • Berkeley, California, United States, 94720-2020
        • Clinical Research Center, School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

39 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Presbyope
  • Experienced PAL spectacle wearer
  • Correctable to at least 20/25 in both eyes
  • Able and willing to use Test and Control spectacles for 1 week each as primary form of presbyopia correction
  • Able and willing to complete all laboratory measurements and questionnaire batteries

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Purchasing free-form PAL spectacles from the UC Berkeley Eyewear Center
  • Having eye conditions or diseases that could potentially cause a decrease in visual acuity over the course of participation in the study
  • Having eye conditions or diseases that could potentially interfere with ability to use Test and Control spectacles as primary form of presbyopia correction

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Randomized Order of Interventions 1
Randomized to first wear standard, non-free-form, non-customized PAL spectacles, then second, crossover to wear individually customized free-form surfaced PAL spectacles
Device: Standard, non-free-form, non-customized PAL spectacles
Control spectacles include several different PAL brands as selected by patients in the UC Berkeley Optometry Clinic and purchased in the Eyewear Center; after successful fitting and purchase, potential subjects were recruited for the trial.
Device: Individually customized free-form surfaced PAL spectacles
Test spectacles are Zeiss Individual, free-form surfaced, and customized using the iTerminal device to account for individual back vertex distance, wrap angle and pantoscopic tilt
Other Names:
  • Zeiss Individual, Carl Zeiss Vision, Inc., Germany
Active Comparator: Randomized Order of Interventions 2
Randomized to first wear individually customized free-form surfaced PAL spectacles, then second, crossover to wear standard, non-free-form, non-customized PAL spectacles
Device: Standard, non-free-form, non-customized PAL spectacles
Control spectacles include several different PAL brands as selected by patients in the UC Berkeley Optometry Clinic and purchased in the Eyewear Center; after successful fitting and purchase, potential subjects were recruited for the trial.
Device: Individually customized free-form surfaced PAL spectacles
Test spectacles are Zeiss Individual, free-form surfaced, and customized using the iTerminal device to account for individual back vertex distance, wrap angle and pantoscopic tilt
Other Names:
  • Zeiss Individual, Carl Zeiss Vision, Inc., Germany

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Visual Acuity, High Contrast, Distance Chart
Time Frame: Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Standard assessment of high contrast visual acuity at distance, as in normal clinical practice, using Baily-Lovey charts and the M&S Technologies Smart System II visual acuity projection system.
Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Visual Acuity, Low Contrast, Distance Chart
Time Frame: Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Standard assessment of low contrast visual acuity at distance, as in normal clinical practice, using Baily-Lovey charts and the M&S Technologies Smart System II visual acuity projection system.
Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Visual Acuity, High Contrast, Near Chart
Time Frame: Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Standard assessment of high contrast visual acuity at near, as in normal clinical practice, using Baily-Lovey charts and the M&S Technologies Smart System II visual acuity projection system.
Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Visual Acuity, Low Contrast, Near Chart
Time Frame: Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Standard assessment of low contrast visual acuity at near, as in normal clinical practice, using Baily-Lovey charts and the M&S Technologies Smart System II visual acuity projection system.
Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
30-degree Off-axis Distance Visual Acuity, High Contrast Chart
Time Frame: Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Measured with subject immobilized in specially designed apparatus, keeping head pointed straight forward and moving only the eyes to left or right to view the off-axis chart
Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
30-degree Off-axis Distance Visual Acuity, Low Contrast Chart
Time Frame: Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Measured with subject immobilized in specially designed apparatus, keeping head pointed straight forward and moving only the eyes to left or right to view the off-axis chart
Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Horizontal Extent of Undistorted Vision at Reading Distance
Time Frame: Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Novel apparatus designed to immobilize head and allow subject to indicate point of peripheral optical distortion on a modified Amsler-type grid
Post-1 week of wear of Test Spectacles and post-1 week of wear of Control Spectacles
Questionnaire Battery
Time Frame: At study exit, after both Test and Control spectacles had been worn for 1 week each
Forced-choice Likert scale preference questionnaire
At study exit, after both Test and Control spectacles had been worn for 1 week each

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of California, Berkeley

Collaborators

Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Meng C. Lin, OD, PhD, Clinical Research Center, School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

February 1, 2009

Primary Completion (Actual)

October 1, 2009

Study Completion (Actual)

October 1, 2009

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 3, 2010

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 3, 2010

First Posted (Estimate)

November 4, 2010

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

April 18, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 17, 2017

Last Verified

April 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • CZV_PAL1

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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