A Study of the Neurological Effects of Adding Maraviroc to HAART Regimen in Patients With HIV (HANDmac) (HANDmac)

February 12, 2019 updated by: Bruce Brew

A Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial of the Efficacy of HAART Intensification With Maraviroc in HIV Virally Suppressed Patients With Cognitive Impairment

HIV related cognitive impairment still occurs despite highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). HIV disease affects the brain in 20-40% of patients with advancing HIV disease; leading to varying degrees of cognitive impairment, recently termed HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). HAND may occur in patients who are virally suppressed in both blood and CSF.

Patients with HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) who are virally suppressed in both their blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), whilst on a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen may have significant cognitive improvement with HAART intensification with the medication Maraviroc; compared to those who remain on their existing regimen.

This study will be a prospective, interventional, randomised and unblinded controlled clinical trial. The aim of this study will be to determine whether HAART intensification with the medication Maraviroc, leads to significant improvement in HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND).

Patients with the recent progression (within 6 months) of HAND (validated by neuropsychological assessment) on HAART, who are virally suppressed (<50 copies per ml) in blood and CSF will be randomised to have their existing HAART regimen intensified with Maraviroc, or not. The control arm will remain on their medication regimen as prescribed. The target is to enrol 70 patients into the control group, and 70 patients into the Maraviroc intensification group.

Patients will undergo baseline neuropsychological testing, MRI, blood tests, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests (via a lumbar puncture). The methods used to determine the effectiveness of adding Maraviroc, will include further neuropsychological assessment at 6 months, and neuropsychological assessment, MRI and CSF assessment again at 12 months.

Neuropsychological testing completed at 6 and 12 months will be completed by a "blind assessor", in that they will have no knowledge of which arm (treatment or control) the participant is enrolled in.

An evaluation (neuropsychological testing) will be performed should the patient deteriorate during the course of the study, as recognised by the patient's managing physician.

At the end of the study protocol (12 months) the patient's HAART therapy will be managed by their primary physician.

Study Overview

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

19

Phase

  • Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

    • New South Wales
      • Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 2010
        • St. Vincent's Hospital
    • Victoria
      • Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3181
        • The Alfred Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • HIV Positive
  • On HAART, with plasma viral load < 50 copies/ml for previous 12 months or more
  • Able to provide informed consent
  • HAND diagnosis, with symptom progression within previous 6 months

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Non-HIV related neurological disorders and active central nervous system (CNS) opportunistic infection (as assessed by full blood count, electrolytes, creatinine, glucose, liver funciton tests, cryptococcal antigen, venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL), MRI brain scan and CSF analysis for cell count, protein, glucose, culture, VDRL and cryptococcal antigen)
  • Psychiatric disorders on the psychiatric axis
  • Current major depression
  • Current substance use disorder, or severe substance use disorder within 12 months of study entry
  • Active Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) (detectable HCV RNA)
  • History of loss of consciousness > 1 hour
  • Non-proficient in English
  • Medications known to pharmacologically interact with antiretrovirals (ARVs)
  • Currently taking an entry inhibitor
  • Pregnancy (as assessed by the urine pregnancy test)

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Standard of care HAART regimen
Participants randomised to this arm of the trial will remain on their usual prescribed HAART regimen.
Experimental: Maraviroc
Participants randomised to this arm will remain on their usual prescribed HAART regimen, with the addition of Maraviroc. Maraviroc will be prescribed according to the Product Information Sheet, with consideration given to background therapy.
Maraviroc oral tablet. Dosage: 150 mg twice daily, 300 mg twice daily, or 600 mg twice daily. Dosing will be dependent on the participant's background HAART therapy, and will be in accordance with the product information sheet.
Other Names:
  • Celsentri

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Neurocognitive Functioning
Time Frame: Baseline, 6-months and 12-months
Change in overall neurocognitive performance, defined as a global neurocognitive z-score, over the study time-period (baseline, 6-months, 12-months). To derive this score, 1) raw scores obtained from a 5-domain brief neurocognitive battery were converted to age-corrected z-scores (M=0, SD=1) and 2) the set of individual subtest z-scores were averaged to generate a single composite (global) z-score for each subject. Lower (negative) scores therefore indicate greater levels of cognitive impairment.
Baseline, 6-months and 12-months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in CSF Neopterin Concentration
Time Frame: Baseline and 12-months
Change in concentration of the CSF neuroinflammatory marker neopterin (measured in nmol/L) from baseline to 12-months.
Baseline and 12-months
Change in MRS Cerebral Metabolite Ratios in Basal Ganglia
Time Frame: Baseline and 12 months
Change in major cerebral metabolites in the basal ganglia, as measured by 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), between baseline and 12-months. Spectra were acquired on a Phillips Achieva 3T MRI scanner using point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence with short echot time (TE). jMRUI/AMARES algorithm was used to process spectra. Metabolite ratios were calculated for the following metabolites: N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), myo-inositol (mIo), in relation to internal water (H20) as standard.
Baseline and 12 months
Change in MRS Cerebral Metabolite Ratios in Frontal White Matter
Time Frame: Baseline and 12 months
Change in major cerebral metabolites in the frontal white matter, as measured by 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), between baseline and 12-months. Spectra were acquired on a Phillips Achieva 3T MRI scanner using point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence with short TE. jMRUI/AMARES algorithm was used to process spectra. Metabolite ratios were calculated for the following metabolites: N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), myo-inositol (mIo), glutamate/glutamine complex (Glx), in relation to internal H2O as standard.
Baseline and 12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Collaborators

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Bruce J Brew, MBBS, PhD, St Vincent's Hospital - Sydney, Australia

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

October 1, 2011

Primary Completion (Actual)

September 1, 2014

Study Completion (Actual)

September 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

October 6, 2011

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

October 6, 2011

First Posted (Estimate)

October 7, 2011

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

February 27, 2019

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 12, 2019

Last Verified

February 1, 2019

More Information

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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