Healthfulness of Food From Grocery Stores Versus Eating Out Among People Receiving Food Benefits (SNAP) (SNAP)

December 7, 2017 updated by: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Dietary Quality by At-home and Away-from-home Food Sources in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to characterize the dietary intake of SNAP participants and nonparticipants by food source, including grocery stores, sit-down restaurants, and fast food.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Detailed Description

The study used 4,237 low-income adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2003-2006 and 2011-2014). De-identified data was collected from demographic questionnaires and 24 hour dietary recalls. We assessed intake of calories, solid fats, added sugars, and servings of non-starchy vegetables, whole fruits, and whole grains, by food source in SNAP participants and income-eligible nonparticipants. Associations between SNAP participation and dietary intake were analyzed using multivariate linear regression controlling for relevant sociodemographic characteristics.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

4237

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

20 years to 64 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

4,237 low-income adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2003-2006 and 2011-2014)

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults ages 20 - 64
  • At or below 200% of the federal poverty level
  • Completed at least one 24-hour dietary recall

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Younger than 20 years old or 65 years and older
  • Income above 200% the federal poverty level
  • No participation in dietary recall

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
2003-2004
Adults 20-64 at or below 130% of the federal poverty level who completed one 24-hour dietary recall
2005-2006
Adults 20-64 at or below 130% of the federal poverty level who completed one 24-hour dietary recall
2011-2012
Adults 20-64 at or below 130% of the federal poverty level who completed one 24-hour dietary recall
2013-2014
Adults 20-64 at or below 130% of the federal poverty level who completed one 24-hour dietary recall

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Caloric intake
Time Frame: 2003-2014
Number of calories consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.
2003-2014
Solid fat
Time Frame: 2003-2014
Number of grams of solid fat and percent of intake from solid fat consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.
2003-2014
Added sugar
Time Frame: 2003-2014
Number of grams of added sugar and percent of intake from added sugar consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.
2003-2014
Non-starchy vegetables
Time Frame: 2003-2014
Cup-equivalent servings of non-starchy vegetables consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.
2003-2014
Whole fruit
Time Frame: 2003-2014
Cup-equivalent servings of whole fruits consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.
2003-2014
Whole grains
Time Frame: 2003-2014
Ounce-equivalents of whole grains consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.
2003-2014

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Collaborators

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Barry Popkin, PhD, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 1, 2003

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 31, 2014

Study Completion (Actual)

December 31, 2014

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

December 1, 2017

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 7, 2017

First Posted (Actual)

December 13, 2017

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

December 13, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 7, 2017

Last Verified

December 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 12-2163
  • R01DK098072 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
  • P2CHD050924 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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