Carotid Ultrasound-Based Strategy for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease (PREVENER) (PREVENER)
Randomized Clinical Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of a Primary Prevention Strategy for Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases Based on the Use of Carotid Ultrasound
PREVENER is a randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase IV clinical trial designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a carotid ultrasound-based strategy for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD).
Patients with IRD, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), have a 50% higher risk of cardiovascular (CV) events compared to the general population. However, conventional CV risk scores (SCORE2/OP) systematically underestimate this risk, leaving many high-risk patients without appropriate preventive treatment.
Patients aged ≥50 years with IRD and low-to-moderate CV risk according to SCORE2/OP will be randomized 1:1 to either an experimental group (carotid ultrasound to detect subclinical atherosclerosis) or a control group (standard care according to ESC 2021 guidelines). Patients in the experimental group with carotid plaques will be reclassified as very high CV risk and treated with high-intensity statins (LDL target <55 mg/dL). The primary endpoint is the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) over 48 months of follow-up.
調査の概要
状態
詳細な説明
Background:
Patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (RA, PsA, AxSpA, SLE) carry a significantly increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events compared to the general population. This excess risk is largely attributed to the pro-atherogenic effect of chronic inflammation. Despite this, conventional CV risk stratification tools such as SCORE2/OP do not account for inflammation-related risk, leading to systematic underestimation of CV risk in these patients. Data from the CARMA project demonstrated that 53% of CV events in Spanish patients with IRD occurred in those classified as low-to-moderate risk by SCORE2/OP, highlighting the urgent need for improved risk stratification strategies.
Carotid ultrasound for the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis (carotid plaques) has been proposed as a modifier of CV risk in the ESC 2021 guidelines. The presence of carotid plaques automatically reclassifies individuals to very high CV risk, warranting intensive lipid-lowering therapy. However, no randomized clinical trial has evaluated the efficacy of this strategy in patients with IRD.
Study Design:
PREVENER is an open-label, randomized, multicenter, phase IV clinical trial. Patients aged ≥50 years with IRD (RA by ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria, PsA by CASPAR criteria, AxSpA by ASAS criteria, or SLE by ACR/EULAR 2019 criteria) and low-to-moderate CV risk according to SCORE2/OP will be enrolled across 17 Spanish hospitals.
Eligible patients will be randomized 1:1 to:
- Experimental group: carotid ultrasound performed within 30 days of randomization. Patients with carotid plaques (defined by Mannheim consensus criteria) will be classified as very high CV risk and initiated on high-intensity statin therapy (LDL target <55 mg/dL). Patients without plaques will be managed according to ESC 2021 guidelines.
- Control group: standard management according to ESC 2021 guidelines throughout the study.
Randomization will be performed using REDCap, stratified by age, sex, classic CV risk factors, lipid-lowering treatment, rheumatic disease, and advanced therapy use.
Primary Endpoint:
Incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as: acute myocardial infarction or stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, arterial revascularization for peripheral arterial disease, or CV death.
Secondary Endpoints:
- Efficacy of the strategy analyzed individually by rheumatic disease (RA, PsA, AxSpA)
- Comparison of efficacy between men and women
- Safety comparison of adverse events between groups
Follow-up:
All patients will be followed for 48 months. Patients on lipid-lowering treatment will have monthly visits during the intensification phase (maximum 5 visits) until therapeutic target is achieved, followed by semi-annual visits until month 48. Patients not requiring lipid-lowering treatment will have semi-annual visits throughout.
Statistical Analysis:
The primary analysis will follow an intention-to-treat approach. Cox regression models will be used to calculate Hazard Ratios with 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for relevant covariates. Kaplan-Meier survival curves will be compared using the log-rank test. A sample size of 1,944 patients provides 80% power to detect a 50% reduction in CV events in the experimental group (alpha=0.05). An interim analysis will be performed at 50% of expected events using the O'Brien-Fleming stopping rule, reviewed by an independent Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB).
研究の種類
入学 (推定)
段階
- フェーズ 4
連絡先と場所
研究場所
-
-
Alicante
-
Alicante、Alicante、スペイン
- 募集
- Hospital General Universitario de Alicante
-
コンタクト:
- Cristina Fenandez Carballido
- メール:soficarballido@hotmail.com
-
Elche、Alicante、スペイン
- まだ募集していません
- Hospital Universitario de Elche
-
コンタクト:
- Cynthia Romera Lopez
- メール:CYNTHIA.ROMERA.LOPEZ@hotmail.com
-
Orihuela、Alicante、スペイン
- 募集
- Hospital Vega Baja de Orihuela
-
コンタクト:
- Maria Paz Martinez Vidal
- メール:mpmavidal@yahoo.es
-
-
Barcelona
-
Barcelona、Barcelona、スペイン
- 募集
- Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron
-
コンタクト:
- Alba Erra Duran
- メール:alba.erra@vallhebron.cat
-
-
Cantabria
-
Laredo、Cantabria、スペイン
- 募集
- Hospital de Laredo
-
コンタクト:
- Cristina Corrales
- メール:c.corrales.selaya@gmail.com
-
Santander、Cantabria、スペイン
- まだ募集していません
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla
-
コンタクト:
- Vanesa Calvo Rio
- メール:vcalvorio@gmail.com
-
Torrelavega、Cantabria、スペイン
- 募集
- Hospital Sierrallana
-
コンタクト:
- Javier Rueda Gotor
- メール:ruedagotor@gmail.com
-
-
Ciudad Real
-
Ciudad Real、Ciudad Real、スペイン
- まだ募集していません
- Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real
-
コンタクト:
- David Castro Corredor
- メール:d.castrocorredor@gmail.com
-
-
Córdoba
-
Córdoba、Córdoba、スペイン
- まだ募集していません
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia
-
コンタクト:
- Maria Angeles Puche Larrubia
- メール:mangeles.puche@gmail.com
-
-
Isla Baleares
-
Palma、Isla Baleares、スペイン
- まだ募集していません
- Hospital Universitari Son Llàtzer
-
コンタクト:
- Inmaculada Ros Vilamajóv
- メール:iros@hsll.es
-
-
Las Palmas
-
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria、Las Palmas、スペイン
- まだ募集していません
- Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín
-
コンタクト:
- Ivan Ferraz Amaro
- メール:iferrazamaro@hotmail.com
-
-
Madrid
-
Madrid、Madrid、スペイン
- まだ募集していません
- Hospital Universitario La Paz
-
コンタクト:
- Eugenio de Miguel Mendieta
- メール:eugenio.demiguel@gmail.com
-
Madrid、Madrid、スペイン
- まだ募集していません
- Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal
-
コンタクト:
- Marta Valero Expósito
- メール:martavaleroex@yahoo.es
-
-
Murcia
-
Murcia、Murcia、スペイン
- まだ募集していません
- Hispital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca
-
コンタクト:
- Manuel Jose Moreno Ramos
- メール:mjmorenoramos@gmail.com
-
-
Santa Cruz de Tenerife
-
San Cristóbal de La Laguna、Santa Cruz de Tenerife、スペイン
- まだ募集していません
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias
-
コンタクト:
- Ivan Ferraz Amaro
- メール:iferrazamaro@hotmail.com
-
-
Vizcaya
-
Bilbao、Vizcaya、スペイン
- 募集
- Hospital Universitario de Basurto
-
コンタクト:
- Maria Luz Garcia Vivar
- メール:marilugv@hotmail.com
-
-
Álava
-
Vitoria-Gasteiz、Álava、スペイン
- 募集
- Hospital Universitario Araba
-
コンタクト:
- Jaime Calvo Allen
- メール:jcalvo@ser.es
-
-
参加基準
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
- 大人
- 高齢者
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients aged ≥50 years who have provided written informed consent.
Fulfillment of classification criteria for at least one of the following inflammatory rheumatic diseases:
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) according to ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria
- Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) according to CASPAR criteria
- Axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) according to ASAS criteria
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) according to ACR/EULAR 2019 criteria
- Low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk according to SCORE2/OP classification.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Presence of previous cardiovascular events, type 2 diabetes mellitus, familial hypercholesterolemia, or chronic kidney disease resulting in classification as high or very high cardiovascular risk.
- Prior carotid ultrasound examination with subsequent therapeutic intervention derived from its results, either in the context of a research study or routine clinical practice.
- Contraindications to lipid-lowering therapy, including recent history of alcoholism, active liver disease, or unexplained and persistent elevation of serum transaminases exceeding three times the upper limit of normal (applicable to statins and ezetimibe).
研究計画
研究はどのように設計されていますか?
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的:防止
- 割り当て:ランダム化
- 介入モデル:並列代入
- マスキング:なし(オープンラベル)
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療 |
|---|---|
|
実験的:Experimental Group: Carotid Ultrasound
Patients undergo carotid ultrasound within 30 days of randomization.
Patients with carotid plaques are reclassified as very high cardiovascular risk and initiated on high-intensity statin therapy (LDL target < 55 mg/dL).
Patients without carotid plaques are managed according to ESC 2021 guidelines.
|
Carotid ultrasound performed to detect subclinical atherosclerosis (carotid plaques) according to Manheim consensus criteria.
The presence of carotid plaques triggers reclassification to very high cardiovascular risk and initiation of high-intensity lipid-loqering therapy
Sequential lipid-lowering therapy initiated in experimental group patinets with carotid plaques, targeting LDL < 55 mg/dL.
Treatment includes high-intensity statins (atorvastatin 40-80mg, rouvastatin 20-40mg), with possible addition of azetimibe, bempedoic acid, and/or PCSK9 inhibitors if target is not achieved.
|
|
アクティブコンパレータ:Control Group: Standard Care
Patients are managed according to standard ESC 2021 cardiovascular prevention guidelines throughout the study, without carotid ultrasound assessment.
|
Lipid-lowerin treatment indicated and managed according to ESC 2021 cardiovascular prevention guidelines, based on SCORE/OP risk stratification, without carotid ultrasound assessment
|
この研究は何を測定していますか?
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|
|
Incidence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE)
時間枠:48 months
|
48 months
|
二次結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants Experiencing an Acute Myocardial Infarction or Stroke
時間枠:48 months
|
Incidence of acute myocardial infarction or stroke during the follow-up period.
|
48 months
|
|
Number of Participants Hospitalized for Unstable Angina
時間枠:48 months
|
Incidence of hospital admissions due to unstable angina during the follow-up period.
|
48 months
|
|
Number of Participants Requiring Arterial Revascularization for Peripheral Arterial Disease
時間枠:48 months
|
Incidence of arterial revascularization procedures required for peripheral arterial disease during the follow-up period.
|
48 months
|
|
Number of Participants Experiencing Cardiovascular Death
時間枠:48 months
|
Incidence of cardiovascular death during the follow-up period.
|
48 months
|
|
Number of Participants Experiencing a Major Cardiovascular Event. Stratified by Rheumatic Disease Subgroup
時間枠:48 months
|
Evaluation of the incidence of major cardiovascular events (acute myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, arterial revascularization for peripheral artery disease, or cardiovascular death) analyzed individually for each included inflammatory disease (rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus).
|
48 months
|
|
Number of Participants Experiencing a Major Cardiovascular Event. Analyzed by Sex
時間枠:48 months
|
This measure evaluates the efficacy of the strategy by comparing the incidence of individual cardiovascular events (acute myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, arterial revascularization or cardiovascular death) between male and female participants.
|
48 months
|
|
Incidence of adverse events
時間枠:48 months
|
48 months
|
|
|
LDL cholesterol levels
時間枠:48 months
|
48 months
|
協力者と研究者
研究記録日
主要日程の研究
研究開始 (実際)
一次修了 (推定)
研究の完了 (推定)
試験登録日
最初に提出
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
最初の投稿 (実際)
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (実際)
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
最終確認日
詳しくは
本研究に関する用語
追加の関連 MeSH 用語
その他の研究ID番号
- PREVENER
- 2025-521086-28-00 (Ctis)
個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画
個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?
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