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Y-Balance Test Training for Ankle Function and Lower Limb Functional Performance

2026年9月13日 更新者：MARIO ALEXANDRE GONÇALVES LOPES、Aveiro University

Effect of a Y-Balance Test-Based Training Protocol on Ankle Function and Lower Limb Injury Prevention

This randomized controlled study investigated whether a 6-week home-based training program based on the Y-Balance Test could improve ankle function and lower limb functional performance in university students. The Y-Balance Test is a functional task that involves standing on one leg while reaching in different directions with the other leg, and it is commonly used to assess dynamic balance and postural control.

Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group, which performed the Y-Balance Test-based training program, or a control group, which maintained its usual routine without intervention. All participants were assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks.

The study assessed Y-Balance Test performance, weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion, ankle maximal isometric strength, and self-reported ankle function. These outcomes were selected because they are relevant components of ankle function and lower limb performance.

The main goal of the study was to determine whether this structured training program led to greater improvements in Y-Balance Test composite score than no intervention. Secondary aims included assessing changes in normalized reach distances, ankle dorsiflexion, ankle strength, and self-reported ankle function. The study did not directly assess injury incidence, but focused on functional measures commonly used in the assessment of factors related to lower limb injury risk.

調査の概要

状態

完了

条件

介入・治療

研究の種類

介入

入学 (実際)

56

段階

  • 適用できない

連絡先と場所

このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。

研究場所

  • ポルトガル
    • Aveiro District
      • Aveiro、Aveiro District、ポルトガル、3810-193
        • Escola Superior de Saúde da Universidade de Aveiro

参加基準

研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。

適格基準

就学可能な年齢

  • 大人
  • 高齢者

健康ボランティアの受け入れ

はい

説明

Inclusion Criteria:

Enrolled in an undergraduate degree at the School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro.

Aged 18 years or older. Able and willing to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

Current pain, injury, or medical condition that prevents the safe performance of the study assessments, based on self-report during the baseline assessment.

Unable to comply with the intervention protocol or the assessment sessions. Not willing to agree to the terms of the informed consent.

研究計画

このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。

研究はどのように設計されていますか？

デザインの詳細

  • 主な目的：他の
  • 割り当て：ランダム化
  • 介入モデル：並列代入
  • マスキング：なし（オープンラベル）

武器と介入

参加者グループ / アーム
介入・治療
実験的：Y-Balance Test-Based Training
Participants in this arm completed a 6-week home-based Y-Balance Test-based training program, performed 5 times per week. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks.
行動：Y-Balance Test-Based Training Program
Participants completed a 6-week home-based training program based on the Y-Balance Test, performed 5 times per week, for a total planned dose of 30 sessions. The program used a paper Y-Balance Test kit provided to participants. In each session, participants performed six maximal attempts per lower limb, reaching in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions. Rest between attempts was self-managed. The program was self-administered, with initial face-to-face instructions and access to online demonstration videos.
介入なし：No Additional Training Control
Participants in this arm did not receive any intervention and maintained their usual routine during the study period. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks.

この研究は何を測定していますか？

主要な結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Change from Baseline in Dominant Lower Limb Y-Balance Test Composite Score at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Composite score (%) of the dominant lower limb calculated from the maximal reach distances in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions of the Y-Balance Test, normalized to lower limb length using the formula: [(anterior + posteromedial + posterolateral) / (3 × lower limb length)] × 100. Higher values indicate better performance on the test.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Non Dominant Lower Limb Y-Balance Test Composite Score at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Composite score (%) of the non dominant lower limb calculated from the maximal reach distances in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions of the Y-Balance Test, normalized to lower limb length using the formula: [(anterior + posteromedial + posterolateral) / (3 × lower limb length)] × 100. Higher values indicate better performance on the test.
Baseline and 6 weeks

二次結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Change from Baseline in Dominant Ankle Weight-Bearing Dorsiflexion at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion measured using the Knee-to-Wall Test. The distance between the great toe and the wall was recorded in centimeters at the maximal position in which the participant could touch the knee to the wall while maintaining the heel in contact with the floor. The mean of three trials was used. Higher values indicate greater weight-bearing dorsiflexion.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Non Dominant Ankle Weight-Bearing Dorsiflexion at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion measured using the Knee-to-Wall Test. The distance between the great toe and the wall was recorded in centimeters at the maximal position in which the participant could touch the knee to the wall while maintaining the heel in contact with the floor. The mean of three trials was used. Higher values indicate greater weight-bearing dorsiflexion.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Dominant Ankle Inversion Maximal Isometric Strength at 6 Weeks
時間枠：baseline and 6 weeks
Maximal isometric strength of Dominant ankle inversion measured using a microFET2 handheld dynamometer during a standardized make test. Three maximal 5-second contractions were performed, and the highest peak force was used for analysis. Results are expressed in kilogram-force (kgf), with higher values indicating greater maximal isometric strength.
baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Non Dominant Ankle Inversion Maximal Isometric Strength at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Maximal isometric strength of Non Dominant ankle inversion measured using a microFET2 handheld dynamometer during a standardized make test. Three maximal 5-second contractions were performed, and the highest peak force was used for analysis. Results are expressed in kilogram-force (kgf), with higher values indicating greater maximal isometric strength.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Dominant Ankle Eversion Maximal Isometric Strength at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Maximal isometric strength of Dominant ankle eversion measured using a microFET2 handheld dynamometer during a standardized make test. Three maximal 5-second contractions were performed, and the highest peak force was used for analysis. Results are expressed in kilogram-force (kgf), with higher values indicating greater maximal isometric strength.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Non Dominant Ankle Eversion Maximal Isometric Strength at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Maximal isometric strength of non Dominant ankle eversion measured using a microFET2 handheld dynamometer during a standardized make test. Three maximal 5-second contractions were performed, and the highest peak force was used for analysis. Results are expressed in kilogram-force (kgf), with higher values indicating greater maximal isometric strength.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Dominant Ankle Dorsiflexion Maximal Isometric Strength at 6 Weeks
時間枠：baseline and 6 weeks
Maximal isometric strength of Dominant ankle dorsiflexion measured using a microFET2 handheld dynamometer during a standardized make test. Three maximal 5-second contractions were performed, and the highest peak force was used for analysis. Results are expressed in kilogram-force (kgf), with higher values indicating greater maximal isometric strength.
baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Non Dominant Ankle Dorsiflexion Maximal Isometric Strength at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Maximal isometric strength of Non Dominant ankle dorsiflexion measured using a microFET2 handheld dynamometer during a standardized make test. Three maximal 5-second contractions were performed, and the highest peak force was used for analysis. Results are expressed in kilogram-force (kgf), with higher values indicating greater maximal isometric strength.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Dominant Ankle Plantar Flexion Maximal Isometric Strength at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Maximal isometric strength of Dominant ankle plantar flexion measured using a microFET2 handheld dynamometer during a standardized make test. Three maximal 5-second contractions were performed, and the highest peak force was used for analysis. Results are expressed in kilogram-force (kgf), with higher values indicating greater maximal isometric strength.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Non Dominant Ankle Plantar Flexion Maximal Isometric Strength at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Maximal isometric strength of Non Dominant ankle plantar flexion measured using a microFET2 handheld dynamometer during a standardized make test. Three maximal 5-second contractions were performed, and the highest peak force was used for analysis. Results are expressed in kilogram-force (kgf), with higher values indicating greater maximal isometric strength.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Dominant Ankle Self-Reported Function Assessed by the Portuguese Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Self-reported Dominant ankle function and perceived instability assessed using the Portuguese version of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool. The questionnaire contains nine items and is scored separately for each ankle. The total score ranges from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better self-reported ankle function and less perceived instability.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Non Dominant Ankle Self-Reported Function Assessed by the Portuguese Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Self-reported Non Dominant ankle function and perceived instability assessed using the Portuguese version of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool. The questionnaire contains nine items and is scored separately for each ankle. The total score ranges from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better self-reported ankle function and less perceived instability.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Dominant Lower Limb Y-Balance Test Anterior Reach Distance at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Normalized reach distance (%) in the specified Y-Balance Test direction, calculated as maximal reach distance divided by lower limb length and multiplied by 100. Higher values indicate better reach performance in that direction.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Non-Dominant Lower Limb Y-Balance Test Anterior Reach Distance at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Normalized reach distance (%) in the specified Y-Balance Test direction, calculated as maximal reach distance divided by lower limb length and multiplied by 100. Higher values indicate better reach performance in that direction.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Dominant Lower Limb Y-Balance Test Posteromedial Reach Distance at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Normalized reach distance (%) in the specified Y-Balance Test direction, calculated as maximal reach distance divided by lower limb length and multiplied by 100. Higher values indicate better reach performance in that direction.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Non-Dominant Lower Limb Y-Balance Test Posteromedial Reach Distance at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Normalized reach distance (%) in the specified Y-Balance Test direction, calculated as maximal reach distance divided by lower limb length and multiplied by 100. Higher values indicate better reach performance in that direction.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Dominant Lower Limb Y-Balance Test Posterolateral Reach Distance at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Normalized reach distance (%) in the specified Y-Balance Test direction, calculated as maximal reach distance divided by lower limb length and multiplied by 100. Higher values indicate better reach performance in that direction.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change from Baseline in Non-Dominant Lower Limb Y-Balance Test Posterolateral Reach Distance at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Normalized reach distance (%) in the specified Y-Balance Test direction, calculated as maximal reach distance divided by lower limb length and multiplied by 100. Higher values indicate better reach performance in that direction.
Baseline and 6 weeks

その他の成果指標

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Change from Baseline in Inter-Limb Asymmetry in the Y-Balance Test Composite Score at 6 Weeks
時間枠：Baseline and 6 weeks
Inter-limb asymmetry calculated as the absolute difference between the right and left lower limb Y-Balance Test composite scores. Results are expressed in percentage points. Lower values indicate less asymmetry between lower limbs.
Baseline and 6 weeks

協力者と研究者

ここでは、この調査に関係する人々や組織を見つけることができます。

スポンサー

Aveiro University

捜査官

  • 主任研究者：Mário A Lopes, PhD、Escola Superior de Saúde da Universidade de Aveiro

研究記録日

これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。

主要日程の研究

研究開始 (実際)

2026年3月30日

一次修了 (実際)

2026年6月1日

研究の完了 (実際)

2026年6月1日

試験登録日

最初に提出

2026年9月13日

QC基準を満たした最初の提出物

2026年9月13日

最初の投稿 (実際)

2026年9月17日

学習記録の更新

投稿された最後の更新 (実際)

2026年9月17日

QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました

2026年9月13日

最終確認日

2026年9月1日

詳しくは

本研究に関する用語

キーワード

その他の研究ID番号

  • 11-CEIC-UA/2026-M

個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画

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いいえ

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いいえ

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いいえ

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