Different Exercise Modalities in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Longitudinal Intervention Study
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Different Exercise Modalities in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Longitudinal Study of Renal Outcomes and Potential Mechanisms
This study compares the effects and safety of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise versus routine health education on renal function, physical function, and quality of life in people with Chronic kidney disease (CKD) over 12 months, while exploring potential mechanisms.
調査の概要
状態
条件
詳細な説明
A total of 120 adults with Chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages G1-G4 will participate in this randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects and safety of different exercise modalities on renal function, physical function, and quality of life, and to explore potential mechanisms related to renal hemodynamics, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Participants will be randomly assigned to aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, combined exercise, or control groups, with 30 participants planned per group. The study will last 12 months, with assessments at baseline and months 2, 4, 6, and 12.<br> <br> Participants in the exercise groups will complete three approximately 60-minute sessions weekly, including at least one supervised in-person session and remotely monitored sessions. Aerobic exercise will target 55-80% of estimated maximum heart rate. Resistance exercise will use resistance bands and body weight, with intensity adjusted according to individual ability and perceived exertion. The combined group will perform two aerobic and one resistance session weekly. The control group will receive routine CKD health education without structured exercise training during the study.<br> <br> Primary outcomes include renal function and metabolic parameters. Secondary outcomes include physical function, body composition, and quality of life. Exploratory assessments will examine renal hemodynamics, inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and fibrosis-related biomarkers. Exercise participation and adherence will be monitored, and adverse events will be recorded in all groups. Serious adverse events will be managed according to the study protocol and applicable ethics requirements.
研究の種類
入学 (推定)
段階
- 適用できない
連絡先と場所
研究連絡先
- 名前：Yuzhe Luo
- 電話番号：+86-10-87182619
- メール：lyz2025m1@163.com
研究場所
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Beijing Municipality
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Beijing、Beijing Municipality、中国、100061
- Beijing Aerospace General Hospital
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参加基準
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
受講資格のある性別
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
<p style="line-height: 2.5;">
- Aged 30-60 years, of either sex.
- Meets the CKD diagnostic criteria in the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidance and the 2023 Expert Recommendations on the Clinical Pathway for Early Screening of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Its Complications in Chinese Adults. Two categories of participants will be included: individuals with early-stage CKD, stages G1 and G2, with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 60-90 mL/min/1.73 m²; and individuals with established CKD, stages G3 and G4, with an eGFR of 15-59 mL/min/1.73 m², who have been assessed by a clinician as able to participate in exercise.
- Clinically stable, with no dialysis or kidney transplantation within the previous six months.
- No severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction or other contraindications to exercise.
- Sufficient cognitive ability to comply with the intervention plan.
- Willing to participate in the study and provide written informed consent. </p>
Exclusion Criteria:
<p style="line-height: 2.5;">
- Acute kidney failure; severe hypertension (above 180/110 mmHg); diabetes; heart failure; acute infection; malignancy; or active immune disease.
- Participation in another clinical trial or structured exercise intervention program within the previous three months.
- Severe edema, musculoskeletal disease, or other conditions that prevent participation in exercise.
- Body mass index (BMI)≥35 kg/m².
- Pregnancy or plans to become pregnant.
- Severe cognitive impairment or inability to cooperate with the study. </p>
研究計画
研究はどのように設計されていますか？
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的：処理
- 割り当て：ランダム化
- 介入モデル：並列代入
- マスキング：独身
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療 |
|---|---|
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実験的：Aerobic Exercise group
Participants assigned to this group will receive aerobic exercise training. |
Participants will undergo aerobic exercise training three times per week for 12 months, with each session lasting approximately 60 minutes. Training will consist primarily of aerobic movements, including high knees, half-squat jumping jacks, boxing steps, V-steps with arm movements, knee lifts with torso rotation, and jumping jacks. Exercise intensity will be targeted at 55%-80% of age-predicted maximum heart rate calculated using the Tanaka formula. Heart rate and session duration will be monitored using a Huawei fitness band. Exercise intensity and difficulty will be individually adjusted according to exercise tolerance and training performance. Progression may involve increasing exercise duration, movement speed, or exercise difficulty. Sessions will include 3-5 minutes of warm-up and 3-5 minutes of cool-down and stretching. |
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実験的：Resistance Training group
Participants assigned to this group will receive resistance training. |
Participants will undergo progressive resistance training three times per week for 12 months, with each session lasting approximately 60 minutes. Training will primarily use resistance bands and bodyweight exercises, including resistance-band chest presses, resistance-band rows, squats, and other exercises adapted to individual physical capacity. Resistance and exercise difficulty will be selected according to baseline exercise capacity and training experience. The target intensity will be adjusted using the rating of perceived exertion (RPE), with participants performing 10-15 repetitions to a level at which the exercise feels substantially effortful. Training will begin with lower resistance and fewer sets, with progressive increases in resistance or sets according to individual tolerance and performance. Exercise completion, resistance, repetitions, fatigue, and discomfort will be recorded throughout the intervention. |
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実験的：Combined Exercise group
Participants assignedto this group will receive combined aerobic andresistance exercise training. |
Participants will undergo combined exercise training three times per week for 12 months, with each session lasting approximately 60 minutes. The weekly program will include two aerobic exercise sessions and one resistance exercise session. Aerobic training will use movements such as high knees, half-squat jumping jacks, boxing steps, V-steps with arm movements, knee lifts with torso rotation, and jumping jacks, with intensity targeted at 55%-80% of age-predicted maximum heart rate calculated using the Tanaka formula. Resistance training will use resistance bands and bodyweight exercises, with intensity adjusted according to the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and individual exercise capacity. Exercise intensity and difficulty will be progressively adjusted according to tolerance and performance. Heart rate, session duration, exercise completion, and training-related discomfort will be monitored and recorded. |
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介入なし：control group
Participants received conventional health education. |
この研究は何を測定していますか？
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
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Estimated glomerular filtration rate
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Estimated glomerular filtration rate will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Renal resistance index
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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The renal resistance index (RI) will be assessed by qualified physicians using Doppler ultrasonography of the bilateral interlobar arteries. Measurements will be obtained at standardized sampling sites in both kidneys, with a sampling gate of 2-4 mm and a Doppler angle of less than 60°. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Serum creatinine
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Serum creatinine will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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The four standard blood lipid parameters
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
|
The four standard blood lipid parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), will be measured using blood samples collected from participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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blood glucose
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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blood glucose will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Urinary protein
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Urinary protein levels will be measured using urine samples collected from participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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The urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratiowill be measured using urine samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Endogenous Creatinine Clearance
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Endogenous creatinine clearance will be measured using urine samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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二次結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
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6-minute walk test
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Participants will walk as far as possible at their maximum tolerable pace within 6 minutes, and the total distance walked will be recorded. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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30-second sit-to-stand test
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Participants will complete as many sit-to-stand repetitions as possible within 30 seconds, and the total number of completed repetitions will be recorded. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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vital capacity
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Vital capacity will be measured using a standardized spirometer. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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grip strength
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Handgrip strength will be assessed using a calibrated handgrip dynamometer |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Body fat percentage
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Body fat percentage will be measured using an InBody body composition analyzer. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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malondialdehyde
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Malondialdehyde will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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superoxide dismutase
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Superoxide dismutase will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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glutathione peroxidase
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Glutathione peroxidase will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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C-reactive protein
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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C-reactive protein will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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interleukin-6
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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interleukin-6 will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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tumor necrosis factor-α
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Tumor necrosis factor-α will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Interleukin-10
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Interleukin-10 will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Transforming growth factor-β1
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Transforming growth factor-β1 will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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connective tissue growth factor
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Connective tissue growth factor will be measured using blood samples collected from the participants. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Short Form-36 Health Survey
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Short Form-36 Health Survey will be assessed using a questionnaire. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Renal blood flow
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Renal blood flow will be assessed by qualified physicians using ultrasonography. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Peak systolic velocity
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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Peak systolic velocity will be assessed by qualified physicians using ultrasonography. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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end-diastolic velocity
時間枠：Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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end-diastolic velocity will be assessed by qualified physicians using ultrasonography. |
Baseline and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention
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協力者と研究者
捜査官
- 主任研究者：Bin Zhang, PhD、China Institute of Sport Science
研究記録日
主要日程の研究
研究開始 (推定)
一次修了 (推定)
研究の完了 (推定)
試験登録日
最初に提出
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
最初の投稿 (実際)
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (実際)
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
最終確認日
詳しくは
本研究に関する用語
追加の関連 MeSH 用語
その他の研究ID番号
- CISS20250814
- Project 25-02 (その他の助成金/資金番号：The Fundamental Research Funds for the China Institute of Sport Science)
- Project 26-15 (その他の助成金/資金番号：The Fundamental Research Funds for the China Institute of Sport Science)
個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画
個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?
IPD プランの説明
Data will be made available on request.
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