Genetic Factors in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Evaluation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in Patients With and Subjects Without Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
This study will examine whether certain polymorphisms (small gene variances) predispose people to develop age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This eye condition affects people over 50 years of age and can cause permanent loss of central vision. The study will examine and compare the frequency of polymorphisms in patients with AMD to that of individuals without AMD. This information will help identify genetic risk factors for the AMD and may lead to the development of more effective treatments.
Patients 50 years of age and older with advanced AMD and healthy normal volunteers may be eligible for this study. All participants will provide an eye health history and will have 10 milliliters (2 teaspoons) of blood drawn from an arm vein. The DNA in the blood will be isolated and tested for certain genes that other research indicates are important in aging and age-related diseases. The normal and polymorphic gene sequences will be identified and compared in patients with AMD and control subjects to determine if any of the polymorphisms are related to development of AMD.
In addition, control subjects will have a routine eye examination, including dilation of the pupils for examination of the back of the eye.
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연구 개요
상태
정황
상세 설명
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible severe central visual loss older than 50 in the world.1 The incidence and progression of all the features of AMD are known to increase significantly with age.2-4 In a recent study, Klein et al. reported that approximately 15.6% of the US population aged 60 years and older in 2005-2008 had signs of AMD.5 In a study in Iceland, the prevalence of early AMD was 12.4% for those aged 66 to 74 years and 36% for those aged 85 years and older.6 Currently in the United States, advanced AMD affects more than 1.75 million people and the number will increase to 2.95 million by the year 2020.7
Epidemiological studies of genome wide association study (GWAS), candidate gene association, and linkage disequilibrium suggest that AMD has a significant genetic component.7-10 Ample evidence supports the hypothesis that variance of genes involved in DNA repair,11-13 oxidative stress14, 15 and inflammation16-20 play a role in aging and age-related diseases. Many studies have documented the association between polymorphisms in complement factors (CF), oxidative stress, apolipoprotein E (ApoE), mitochondria and chaperone proteins genes and AMD.21-23 Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in ApoE, ApoE or C2/BF may protect AMD. On the other hand, SNP in CFH, AMRS2/HTRA-1 or CX3CR1 gene may increase AMD risk.24 In this study, we would like to test whether the variations of biologically plausible genes (or the modifying genes) listed above are differentially distributed in AMD patients and normal populations. To this end, we choose genes that are believed to play a crucial role in the aging process and will analyze the frequency of SNPs specifically within the coding frames of biologically plausible genes responsible for aging and age-related diseases.
Our aim will be to compare the allelic frequencies of candidate genes listed above in cohorts with AMD to the frequency in normal control subjects without AMD. With this study we hope to identify genetic risk factors that could have functional implications for understanding and treating AMD.
연구 유형
등록 (실제)
연락처 및 위치
연구 장소
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Maryland
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Bethesda, Maryland, 미국, 20892
- National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike
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참여기준
자격 기준
공부할 수 있는 나이
건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다
연구 대상 성별
설명
- INCLUSION CRITERIA:
AMD Patients (cases):
- Diagnosis of advanced AMD defined by geographic atrophy and/or choroidal neovascularization with drusen of any size in at least one eye.
- Age 50 years or older.
- If sample previously donated in a different study, the patient has given their permission to use their sample (i.e. marked appropriate selection in the informed consent).
Control Patients (controls):
- Absence of drusen or no more than 5 drusen less than 63 microns, absence of other diagnostic criteria for AMD.
- Agrees to undergo study examinations.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
- Presence of retinal disease involving the photoreceptors and/or outer retinal layers other than AMD loss such as high myopia, retinal dystrophies, central serous retinopathy, vein occlusion, diabetic retinopathy and uveitis or similar outer retinal diseases that have been present prior to the age of 50.
- Opacities of the ocular media, limitations of papillary dilation or other problems sufficient to preclude adequate stereo fundus photography. These conditions include occluded pupils due to synechiae, cataracts, vitreous haze and opacities due to ocular diseases.
공부 계획
연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?
디자인 세부사항
연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?
주요 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
기간 |
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Frequency of SNP
기간: Ongoing
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Ongoing
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공동 작업자 및 조사자
간행물 및 유용한 링크
일반 간행물
- Tuo J, Ross RJ, Herzlich AA, Shen D, Ding X, Zhou M, Coon SL, Hussein N, Salem N Jr, Chan CC. A high omega-3 fatty acid diet reduces retinal lesions in a murine model of macular degeneration. Am J Pathol. 2009 Aug;175(2):799-807. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.090089. Epub 2009 Jul 16.
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- Fritsche LG, Chen W, Schu M, Yaspan BL, Yu Y, Thorleifsson G, Zack DJ, Arakawa S, Cipriani V, Ripke S, Igo RP Jr, Buitendijk GH, Sim X, Weeks DE, Guymer RH, Merriam JE, Francis PJ, Hannum G, Agarwal A, Armbrecht AM, Audo I, Aung T, Barile GR, Benchaboune M, Bird AC, Bishop PN, Branham KE, Brooks M, Brucker AJ, Cade WH, Cain MS, Campochiaro PA, Chan CC, Cheng CY, Chew EY, Chin KA, Chowers I, Clayton DG, Cojocaru R, Conley YP, Cornes BK, Daly MJ, Dhillon B, Edwards AO, Evangelou E, Fagerness J, Ferreyra HA, Friedman JS, Geirsdottir A, George RJ, Gieger C, Gupta N, Hagstrom SA, Harding SP, Haritoglou C, Heckenlively JR, Holz FG, Hughes G, Ioannidis JP, Ishibashi T, Joseph P, Jun G, Kamatani Y, Katsanis N, N Keilhauer C, Khan JC, Kim IK, Kiyohara Y, Klein BE, Klein R, Kovach JL, Kozak I, Lee CJ, Lee KE, Lichtner P, Lotery AJ, Meitinger T, Mitchell P, Mohand-Said S, Moore AT, Morgan DJ, Morrison MA, Myers CE, Naj AC, Nakamura Y, Okada Y, Orlin A, Ortube MC, Othman MI, Pappas C, Park KH, Pauer GJ, Peachey NS, Poch O, Priya RR, Reynolds R, Richardson AJ, Ripp R, Rudolph G, Ryu E, Sahel JA, Schaumberg DA, Scholl HP, Schwartz SG, Scott WK, Shahid H, Sigurdsson H, Silvestri G, Sivakumaran TA, Smith RT, Sobrin L, Souied EH, Stambolian DE, Stefansson H, Sturgill-Short GM, Takahashi A, Tosakulwong N, Truitt BJ, Tsironi EE, Uitterlinden AG, van Duijn CM, Vijaya L, Vingerling JR, Vithana EN, Webster AR, Wichmann HE, Winkler TW, Wong TY, Wright AF, Zelenika D, Zhang M, Zhao L, Zhang K, Klein ML, Hageman GS, Lathrop GM, Stefansson K, Allikmets R, Baird PN, Gorin MB, Wang JJ, Klaver CC, Seddon JM, Pericak-Vance MA, Iyengar SK, Yates JR, Swaroop A, Weber BH, Kubo M, Deangelis MM, Leveillard T, Thorsteinsdottir U, Haines JL, Farrer LA, Heid IM, Abecasis GR; AMD Gene Consortium. Seven new loci associated with age-related macular degeneration. Nat Genet. 2013 Apr;45(4):433-9, 439e1-2. doi: 10.1038/ng.2578. Epub 2013 Mar 3.
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추가 정보
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