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Induction Agents in ECT: Effects on Seizure Duration, Quality, and Recovery

2026년 5월 12일 업데이트: Canan Ezgi Durukan Bas, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital

The Effects of Induction Agents Applied During Electroconvulsive Therapy on Seizure Duration, Seizure Quality, and Recovery Time

The goal of this observational study is to determine if there are any differences in seizure duration, seizure quality, and recovery time associated with the utilize of different anesthetic induction agents in patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy.

The main question it aims to answer is: Does the choice of anesthetic agent in ECT affect seizure duration, seizure quality, and recovery time? The secondary aim is to measure and compare Patient State Index values on different time of ECT procedure.

Participants were informed in detail about the ECT procedure. It was explained that, prior to the induction of anesthesia, a probe would be placed on the face to measure the PSI. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

연구 개요

상태

완전한

정황

개입 / 치료

상세 설명

This prospective, randomized controlled study was designed to compare the effects of different anesthetic induction agents used during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on seizure characteristics, recovery profile, hemodynamic responses, anesthesia depth, and post-procedural complications. Adult patients scheduled to undergo ECT were randomized into four groups according to the induction agent administered: propofol, thiopental, ketamine, or ketofol.

During each ECT session, seizure duration and postictal suppression index were recorded as indicators of seizure characteristics and seizure quality. Recovery was assessed using the time to reach a Modified Aldrete Score of 9. Hemodynamic parameters, including systolic arterial pressure, diastolic arterial pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation, were measured at predefined peri-procedural time points. Patient State Index values obtained using SedLine monitoring were also recorded before induction, before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after stimulation, and during recovery.

Post-procedural complications, including agitation, pain, nausea, and vomiting, were recorded during the recovery period after each ECT session. The study aimed to determine whether different induction agents differ in terms of seizure duration, seizure quality, recovery time, hemodynamic stability, anesthesia depth, and recovery-related adverse events in patients undergoing ECT.

연구 유형

중재적

등록 (실제)

100

단계

  • 해당 없음

연락처 및 위치

이 섹션에서는 연구를 수행하는 사람들의 연락처 정보와 이 연구가 수행되는 장소에 대한 정보를 제공합니다.

연구 장소

  • 터키 (Türkiye)
    • Istanbul
      • Istanbul, Istanbul, 터키 (Türkiye)
        • Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital

참여기준

연구원은 적격성 기준이라는 특정 설명에 맞는 사람을 찾습니다. 이러한 기준의 몇 가지 예는 개인의 일반적인 건강 상태 또는 이전 치료입니다.

자격 기준

공부할 수 있는 나이

  • 성인
  • 고령자

건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다

아니

설명

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age between 18 and 65 years
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III
  • Clinical indication for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) determined by a psychiatrist

Exclusion Criteria:

  • ASA physical status IV or higher
  • History of lithium use
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  • History of alcohol or substance abuse
  • History of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) within the last 2 months
  • Anticipated difficult airway
  • Presence of epilepsy or glaucoma
  • Organ failure (heart failure, renal failure, or hepatic failure)
  • Intracranial mass lesion
  • Thrombophlebitis or deep vein thrombosis
  • Known allergy to anesthetic agents
  • Patients who are unable to complete the ECT session or who refuse to -participate in the study

공부 계획

이 섹션에서는 연구 설계 방법과 연구가 측정하는 내용을 포함하여 연구 계획에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.

연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?

디자인 세부사항

  • 주 목적: 치료
  • 할당: 무작위
  • 중재 모델: 병렬 할당
  • 마스킹: 더블

무기와 개입

참가자 그룹 / 팔
개입 / 치료
실험적: Propofol Group
Participants in this group received propofol 1.5 mg/kg intravenously for anesthesia induction prior to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
의약품: Propofol group
Propofol administered intravenously at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg for anesthesia induction prior to electroconvulsive therapy.
다른 이름들:
  • Propofol-PF
실험적: Thiopenthal Group
Participants in this group received thiopental 3 mg/kg intravenously for anesthesia induction prior to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
의약품: Thiopental
Thiopental administered intravenously at a dose of 3 mg/kg for anesthesia induction prior to electroconvulsive therapy.
다른 이름들:
  • Pental Sodyum
  • Thiopental Sodium
실험적: Ketamine Group
Participants in this group received ketamine 0.5 mg/kg intravenously for anesthesia induction prior to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
의약품: Ketamine (0.5 mg/kg)
Ketamine administered intravenously at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg for anesthesia induction prior to electroconvulsive therapy.
다른 이름들:
  • 케탈라르
실험적: Ketofol Group
Participants in this group received a combination of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg and propofol 0.5 mg/kg intravenously for anesthesia induction prior to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
의약품: Ketofol
Ketofol administered intravenously as a combination of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg and propofol 0.5 mg/kg for anesthesia induction prior to electroconvulsive therapy.
다른 이름들:
  • Ketamine-propofol combination

연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?

주요 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
EEG Seizure Duration
기간: During each ECT session, from electrical stimulation until seizure termination, assessed up to 120 seconds after stimulation.
Duration of electroencephalographic (EEG) seizure activity measured in seconds during electroconvulsive therapy using the Thymatron System IV device.
During each ECT session, from electrical stimulation until seizure termination, assessed up to 120 seconds after stimulation.
Postictal Suppression Index
기간: Immediately after seizure termination during each ECT session, assessed up to 3 minutes after electrical stimulation.
Postictal suppression index (%) automatically calculated by the Thymatron System IV device following seizure termination.
Immediately after seizure termination during each ECT session, assessed up to 3 minutes after electrical stimulation.
Recovery time
기간: From the end of ECT stimulation until achievement of Modified Aldrete Score ≥9, assessed up to 30 minutes after ECT.
Time to Modified Aldrete Score ≥9
From the end of ECT stimulation until achievement of Modified Aldrete Score ≥9, assessed up to 30 minutes after ECT.

2차 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Heart Rate
기간: At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.
Heart rate was measured in beats per minute using standard peri-procedural monitoring at predefined time points.
At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.
Patient State Index (PSI)
기간: At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.
Patient State Index (PSI) values obtained using the SedLine EEG monitoring system (Masimo Corp., USA), ranging from 0 to 100, reflecting depth of anesthesia.
At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.
Incidence of Post-procedural Complications
기간: During each ECT session and recovery period, assessed up to 30 minutes after electrical stimulation.
The incidence of post-procedural complications, including hypertension, tachycardia, bradycardia, hypoxemia, agitation, pain, nausea, vomiting, amnesia, was recorded after each ECT session.
During each ECT session and recovery period, assessed up to 30 minutes after electrical stimulation.
Mean Arterial Pressure
기간: At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.
Mean arterial pressure was measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using standard peri-procedural noninvasive blood pressure monitoring at predefined time points.
At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.
Systolic Arterial Pressure
기간: At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.
Systolic arterial pressure was measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using standard peri-procedural noninvasive blood pressure monitoring at predefined time points.
At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.
Diastolic Arterial Pressure
기간: At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.
Diastolic arterial pressure was measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using standard peri-procedural noninvasive blood pressure monitoring at predefined time points.
At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂)
기간: At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.
Peripheral oxygen saturation was measured as a percentage (%) using standard peri-procedural pulse oximetry monitoring at predefined time points.
At predefined peri-procedural time points during each ECT session: Baseline before anesthetic induction, immediately before ECT stimulation, 1 minute after ECT stimulation, and recovery assessment up to 30 minutes after ECT stimulation.

공동 작업자 및 조사자

여기에서 이 연구와 관련된 사람과 조직을 찾을 수 있습니다.

스폰서

Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital

수사관

  • 수석 연구원: Gülten Arslan, MD, University of Health Sciences, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital

연구 기록 날짜

이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.

연구 주요 날짜

연구 시작 (실제)

2024년 7월 17일

기본 완료 (실제)

2025년 12월 31일

연구 완료 (실제)

2025년 12월 31일

연구 등록 날짜

최초 제출

2026년 5월 6일

QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출

2026년 5월 12일

처음 게시됨 (실제)

2026년 5월 19일

연구 기록 업데이트

마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)

2026년 5월 19일

QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출

2026년 5월 12일

마지막으로 확인됨

2026년 5월 1일

추가 정보

이 연구와 관련된 용어

키워드

추가 관련 MeSH 약관

기타 연구 ID 번호

  • DLKTRH-AVR-CEDB-02

개별 참가자 데이터(IPD) 계획

개별 참가자 데이터(IPD)를 공유할 계획입니까?

아니요

IPD 계획 설명

Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared due to ethical and confidentiality concerns. The dataset contains sensitive patient information, and participants did not provide consent for public data sharing.

약물 및 장치 정보, 연구 문서

미국 FDA 규제 의약품 연구

아니

미국 FDA 규제 기기 제품 연구

아니

이 정보는 변경 없이 clinicaltrials.gov 웹사이트에서 직접 가져온 것입니다. 귀하의 연구 세부 정보를 변경, 제거 또는 업데이트하도록 요청하는 경우 register@clinicaltrials.gov. 문의하십시오. 변경 사항이 clinicaltrials.gov에 구현되는 즉시 저희 웹사이트에도 자동으로 업데이트됩니다. .

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