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Load-Matched Unilateral Versus Bilateral Squat Training in Elite Youth Futsal Players (FUTSAL-SQUAT-V)

2026년 6월 9일 업데이트: Édison Andrés Pérez Bedoya, Federal University of Vicosa

Effects of Velocity-Based Unilateral Versus Bilateral Squat Training on Physical Performance in Elite Youth Futsal Players: A Randomised Controlled Trial

This randomised controlled trial compared the effects of two load-matched squat training modalities on physical performance in elite youth futsal players. Seventeen players from the Antioqueña regional futsal squad in Colombia were randomly allocated to either a unilateral squat training group or a bilateral squat training group. Both groups completed a six-week velocity-based training programme, with two supervised sessions per week, while continuing their usual futsal training.

Training intensity was prescribed using mean propulsive velocity targets across three two-week blocks. The main outcomes were countermovement jump height, single-leg countermovement jump height for the right and left limbs, 10-metre sprint time, and estimated squat one-repetition maximum. Secondary descriptive data included 20-metre sprint time. The study aimed to determine whether unilateral squat training produced superior adaptations compared with bilateral squat training when training load was objectively standardised.

연구 개요

상태

완전한

정황

개입 / 치료

상세 설명

Elite futsal requires repeated accelerations, decelerations, changes of direction, and lower-limb power actions within a compact playing area. Because many sport-specific actions occur under unilateral support, unilateral lower-body strength training is frequently proposed as a more specific conditioning strategy than bilateral strength training. However, previous comparative studies have often failed to equate training intensity objectively across unilateral and bilateral exercises.

This parallel-group randomised controlled trial was designed to compare unilateral and bilateral squat training under velocity-based training standardisation. Eligible elite youth futsal players were allocated to one of two training groups: unilateral squat training or bilateral squat training. Randomisation was conducted using matched pairs based on estimated one-repetition maximum and a permuted-block sequence generated in Epidat 2.0. Outcome assessors were masked to group allocation. Participants and training supervisors were not masked because blinding is not feasible in exercise modality interventions.

Both groups trained twice weekly for six weeks. Each session included three sets of six repetitions. The unilateral group performed six repetitions per leg per set using the single-leg squat, while the bilateral group performed six bilateral squat repetitions per set. Training intensity was prescribed using mean propulsive velocity targets: 1.00 metres per second during weeks 1-2, 0.92 metres per second during weeks 3-4, and 0.85 metres per second during weeks 5-6. Three minutes of passive recovery were provided between sets. All participants continued their usual futsal training programme during the intervention.

Assessments were performed at baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session. Testing included 10-metre and 20-metre sprint performance using photoelectric cells, bilateral countermovement jump testing, single-leg countermovement jump testing for both limbs, and progressive squat load assessment with a linear position transducer. Estimated one-repetition maximum was calculated from the mean propulsive velocity obtained during progressive squat loading.

연구 유형

중재적

등록 (실제)

17

단계

  • 해당 없음

연락처 및 위치

이 섹션에서는 연구를 수행하는 사람들의 연락처 정보와 이 연구가 수행되는 장소에 대한 정보를 제공합니다.

연구 장소

  • 콜롬비아
    • Antioquia
      • Guarne, Antioquia, 콜롬비아, 054080
        • Tecnológico de Antioquia

참여기준

연구원은 적격성 기준이라는 특정 설명에 맞는 사람을 찾습니다. 이러한 기준의 몇 가지 예는 개인의 일반적인 건강 상태 또는 이전 치료입니다.

자격 기준

공부할 수 있는 나이

  • 어린이
  • 성인
  • 고령자

건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다

아니

설명

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Competitive futsal experience of at least two years.
  • Affiliation with the Antioqueña regional futsal squad.
  • Technical proficiency in bilateral squat and single-leg squat execution, verified by an accredited specialist.
  • No musculoskeletal injury during the three months before enrolment.
  • No pharmacological, ergogenic, or supplementary intervention likely to influence physical performance.
  • Exclusive participation in standard futsal training during the intervention period.
  • Written informed assent from the participant and written informed consent from a parent or legal guardian when required by age.

Exclusion Criteria

  • Musculoskeletal injury during the three months before enrolment.
  • Inability to perform bilateral or single-leg squat exercises with acceptable technique.
  • Participation in another structured lower-limb strength training programme during the study period.
  • Use of pharmacological, ergogenic, or supplementary interventions likely to affect performance.
  • Failure to complete baseline testing, the training intervention, or post-intervention testing.
  • Withdrawal of participant assent or parental/legal guardian consent.

공부 계획

이 섹션에서는 연구 설계 방법과 연구가 측정하는 내용을 포함하여 연구 계획에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.

연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?

디자인 세부사항

  • 주 목적: 다른
  • 할당: 무작위
  • 중재 모델: 병렬 할당
  • 마스킹: 하나의

무기와 개입

참가자 그룹 / 팔
개입 / 치료
실험적: Unilateral Squat Training
Participants allocated to this group completed six weeks of unilateral squat training. Training was performed twice weekly, with three sets of six repetitions per leg per session. Training intensity was prescribed using velocity-based training targets based on mean propulsive velocity. Target mean propulsive velocities were 1.00 metres per second during weeks 1-2, 0.92 metres per second during weeks 3-4, and 0.85 metres per second during weeks 5-6. Three minutes of recovery were provided between sets. Participants continued their usual futsal training during the intervention period.
행동: Velocity-Based Unilateral Squat Training
A six-week supervised unilateral squat training programme prescribed using mean propulsive velocity. Participants performed single-leg squats twice weekly, with volume standardised at three sets of six repetitions per leg per session.
활성 비교기: Bilateral Squat Training
Participants allocated to this group completed six weeks of bilateral squat training. Training was performed twice weekly, with three sets of six repetitions per session. Training intensity was prescribed using velocity-based training targets based on mean propulsive velocity. Target mean propulsive velocities were 1.00 metres per second during weeks 1-2, 0.92 metres per second during weeks 3-4, and 0.85 metres per second during weeks 5-6. Three minutes of recovery were provided between sets. Participants continued their usual futsal training during the intervention period.
행동: Velocity-Based Bilateral Squat Training
A six-week supervised bilateral squat training programme prescribed using mean propulsive velocity. Participants performed bilateral squats twice weekly, with volume standardised at three sets of six repetitions per session.

연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?

주요 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Change From Baseline in Countermovement Jump Height
기간: Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session
Countermovement jump height was assessed using a contact mat system following a standardised jump protocol. Participants performed five valid trials, and the mean of the middle three trials was used for analysis after discarding the highest and lowest values. Higher values indicate better lower-limb explosive performance.
Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session
Change From Baseline in Right-Limb Single-Leg Countermovement Jump Height
기간: Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session
Right-limb single-leg countermovement jump height was assessed using a contact mat system. Participants performed unilateral jump trials using the right limb, and the mean of valid trials was used for analysis. Higher values indicate better unilateral lower-limb explosive performance.
Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session
Change From Baseline in Left-Limb Single-Leg Countermovement Jump Height
기간: Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session
Left-limb single-leg countermovement jump height was assessed using a contact mat system. Participants performed unilateral jump trials using the left limb, and the mean of valid trials was used for analysis. Higher values indicate better unilateral lower-limb explosive performance.
Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session
Change From Baseline in 10-Metre Sprint Time
기간: Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session
Sprint acceleration performance was assessed over 10 metres using photoelectric timing gates positioned at 0 and 10 metres. Participants completed two maximal sprint trials separated by passive recovery, and the fastest trial was retained for analysis. Lower values indicate better sprint performance.
Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session
Change From Baseline in Estimated Squat One-Repetition Maximum
기간: Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session
Estimated squat one-repetition maximum was calculated from progressive squat load testing using mean propulsive velocity recorded with a linear position transducer. The highest-velocity repetition at each load was retained, and one-repetition maximum was estimated using a validated load-velocity equation. Higher values indicate greater maximal strength.
Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session

기타 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Change From Baseline in 20-Metre Sprint Time
기간: Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session
Sprint performance over 20 metres was assessed using photoelectric timing gates positioned at 0, 10, and 20 metres. Participants completed two maximal sprint trials separated by passive recovery, and the fastest trial was retained. This outcome was retained as descriptive because a relevant baseline imbalance was observed between groups.
Baseline and within 72 hours after the final training session

공동 작업자 및 조사자

여기에서 이 연구와 관련된 사람과 조직을 찾을 수 있습니다.

스폰서

Federal University of Vicosa

연구 기록 날짜

이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.

연구 주요 날짜

연구 시작 (실제)

2023년 8월 1일

기본 완료 (실제)

2023년 8월 1일

연구 완료 (실제)

2023년 11월 1일

연구 등록 날짜

최초 제출

2026년 6월 9일

QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출

2026년 6월 9일

처음 게시됨 (실제)

2026년 6월 12일

연구 기록 업데이트

마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)

2026년 6월 12일

QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출

2026년 6월 9일

마지막으로 확인됨

2026년 6월 1일

추가 정보

이 연구와 관련된 용어

키워드

기타 연구 ID 번호

  • FUTSAL-SQUAT-VBT-01

개별 참가자 데이터(IPD) 계획

개별 참가자 데이터(IPD)를 공유할 계획입니까?

아니요

IPD 계획 설명

Individual participant data will not be publicly shared because the study involved a small cohort of elite youth athletes from an identifiable regional squad, which increases the risk of re-identification even after de-identification. Aggregated results are reported in the manuscript, and additional aggregate information may be made available upon reasonable academic request where ethically appropriate.

약물 및 장치 정보, 연구 문서

미국 FDA 규제 의약품 연구

아니

미국 FDA 규제 기기 제품 연구

아니

이 정보는 변경 없이 clinicaltrials.gov 웹사이트에서 직접 가져온 것입니다. 귀하의 연구 세부 정보를 변경, 제거 또는 업데이트하도록 요청하는 경우 register@clinicaltrials.gov. 문의하십시오. 변경 사항이 clinicaltrials.gov에 구현되는 즉시 저희 웹사이트에도 자동으로 업데이트됩니다. .

Velocity-Based Unilateral Squat Training에 대한 임상 시험

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