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Evaluating the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Raltegravir in Infants

2021年11月4日 更新者：National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Raltegravir Pharmacokinetics and Safety in Neonates

The purpose of this study was to determine the washout pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of in utero/intrapartum exposure to maternal raltegravir (RAL) in infants born to pregnant women with HIV infection who received RAL 400 mg twice daily. The study also provided data for the development of an infant RAL starting dosing regimen for IMPAACT P1110 (NCT01780831).

研究概览

地位

完全的

条件

干预/治疗

详细说明

Study participants were enrolled in two cohorts.

  • Cohort 1 enrolled mother-infant pairs in which the infant was expected to be ≥2000 grams at birth (i.e. full term) at time of enrollment and the mother was living with HIV and received RAL 400 mg twice daily for at least 2 weeks prior to delivery and continued to receive antiretroviral (ARV) drugs during labor.
  • Cohort 2 enrolled mother-infant pairs in which the infant was expected to be ≤2500 grams at birth [i.e. low birth weight (LBW)] at time of enrollment and the mother was living with HIV and received at least one dose of RAL 400 mg within 2 to 24 hours prior to delivery.

Cohorts 1 and 2 provided pharmacokinetics and safety data of in utero and intrapartum exposure to maternal RAL in full-term and LBW infants, respectively. Also, the study data were pooled with data from IMPAACT P1066 (NCT00485264) (Cohorts IV and V) and P1026s (NCT00042289) to determine the starting RAL dosing regimen for full-term and LBW infants in IMPAACT P1110 (NCT01780831).

The study initially opened accrual to Cohort 1 under protocol Version 1.0. Upon completion of accrual and follow-up of Cohort 1, the protocol was amended and accrual to and follow-up of Cohort 2 was under protocol Version 2.0.

No study-specific treatment was given to the participants during this study. The women (mothers) received RAL for clinical indications outside of the study. Infants received standard of care ARV therapy for prophylaxis of perinatal transmission of HIV as prescribed by their primary care physicians.

Cohort 1 mother-infant pairs were enrolled prior to delivery. The women were followed-up until discharge from the labor/delivery unit. Infants were followed from birth through 20 weeks after birth. If infant was eligible for PK sampling (see "Eligibility" section), blood samples were collected at 1-5, 8-14, 18-24, and 30-36 hours after birth. Protocol defined infant safety evaluations were at birth, and at 8-14 hours, 30-36 hours, 1 week and 20 weeks after birth.

Cohort 2 mother-infant pairs were enrolled prior to delivery or within 48 hours after delivery. The women were followed-up until discharge from the labor/delivery unit. Infants were followed from birth/entry through 6 weeks after birth. If infant was eligible for PK sampling, blood samples were collected at 1-6, 12-24, 36-48, 72-84, and 108-132 hours and 7-14 days after birth. Protocol defined infant safety evaluations were at entry/birth, and at 36-48 hours, 72-84 hours, 1 week and 6 weeks after birth.

For both cohorts, all infants regardless of whether they were eligible for PK sampling were included in the safety analyses. Infant safety data included adverse birth outcomes, signs/symptoms, diagnoses and chemistry/hematology test results. Protocol required chemistry tests were AST, ALT, serum creatinine, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin. Protocol required hematology tests were CBC with differential and platelet count. Also included in the safety data were additional laboratory events done outside of the study but considered by the site as relevant information.

For both cohorts, maternal blood and cord blood for RAL concentration testing were collected at delivery when specimen collection was possible. The optional genotypic testing (i.e. testing was done only if the mother consented) was limited to infants who were eligible for PK sampling. Information obtained about the effect of UGT1A1 polymorphisms on the PK of RAL was thought to provide a better understanding of the effect of genetics on the metabolism of RAL in neonates.

研究类型

观察性的

注册 (实际的)

40

联系人和位置

本节提供了进行研究的人员的详细联系信息，以及有关进行该研究的地点的信息。

学习地点

  • 南非
    • Gauteng
      • Johannesburg、Gauteng、南非、1862
        • Soweto IMPAACT CRS
  • 坦桑尼亚
      • Moshi、坦桑尼亚
        • Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC)
  • 巴西
      • Rio de Janeiro、巴西、20221-903
        • Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado NICHD CRS
      • Rio de Janeiro、巴西、26030
        • Hosp. Geral De Nova Igaucu Brazil NICHD CRS
      • Sao Paulo、巴西、14049-900
        • Univ. of Sao Paulo Brazil NICHD CRS
    • Rio Grande Do Sul
      • Porto Alegre、Rio Grande Do Sul、巴西、91350-200
        • Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceicao NICHD CRS
  • 泰国
      • Chiang Mai、泰国、50100
        • Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital NICHD CRS
  • 美国
    • California
      • La Jolla、California、美国、92093-0672
        • University of California, UC San Diego CRS- Mother-Child-Adolescent HIV Program
      • Long Beach、California、美国、90806
        • Miller Children's Hosp. Long Beach CA NICHD CRS
      • Los Angeles、California、美国、90089
        • Usc La Nichd Crs
      • Los Angeles、California、美国、90095-1752
        • David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA NICHD CRS
      • San Francisco、California、美国、94143
        • Univ. of California San Francisco NICHD CRS
    • Florida
      • Jacksonville、Florida、美国、32209
        • Univ. of Florida Jacksonville NICHD CRS
    • Maryland
      • Baltimore、Maryland、美国、21287
        • Johns Hopkins Univ. Baltimore NICHD CRS
    • Massachusetts
      • Boston、Massachusetts、美国、02118
        • Boston Medical Center Ped. HIV Program NICHD CRS
    • New York
      • Bronx、New York、美国、10461
        • Jacobi Med. Ctr. Bronx NICHD CRS
      • Bronx、New York、美国、10457
        • Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center NICHD CRS
    • Tennessee
      • Memphis、Tennessee、美国、38105-3678
        • St. Jude Children's Research Hospital CRS
    • Washington
      • Seattle、Washington、美国、98101
        • Seattle Children's Research Institute CRS

参与标准

研究人员寻找符合特定描述的人，称为资格标准。这些标准的一些例子是一个人的一般健康状况或先前的治疗。

资格标准

适合学习的年龄

  • 孩子
  • 成人
  • 年长者

接受健康志愿者

不

有资格学习的性别

全部

取样方法

非概率样本

研究人群

Participants were enrolled in two cohorts.

Cohort 1 enrolled Mother-Infant (M-I) pairs prior to delivery. Infants expected to be full term (i.e. ≥2000 grams at birth) born to women with HIV-1 infection who received RAL 400 mg twice daily for at least two weeks prior to delivery and continued to receive ARVs during labor, and their mothers, were enrolled to Cohort 1.

Cohort 2 enrolled M-I pairs prior to delivery or within 48 hours after delivery. Infants expected to be LBW (i.e. ≤2500 grams at birth) born to women with HIV-1 infection who received at least one dose of RAL 400 mg within 2 to 24 hours prior to delivery, and their mothers, were enrolled to Cohort 2.

描述

Participant study inclusions and exclusion criteria are listed below.

Cohort 1 M-I pairs were enrolled prior to delivery so that only maternal study inclusion and exclusion criteria were assessed at enrollment.

Cohort 1: Maternal Study Inclusion Criteria

  • Documentation of HIV-1 infection.
  • Viable singleton pregnancy with gestational age of at least 35 weeks based on clinical or other obstetrical measurements with normal fetal anatomy
  • Currently receiving RAL 400 mg twice daily for at least 2 weeks prior to enrollment in combination with other ARV agents for clinical care
  • Plan to continue taking RAL in combination with other ARV agents through labor prior to delivery
  • Willing and intends to deliver at the study-affiliated clinic or hospital
  • Willing and able to sign informed consent for participation of herself and her infant. Participant must be of an age to provide legal informed consent as defined by the country in which she resides. If not, informed consent must be signed by a legal guardian.

Cohort 1: Maternal Study Exclusion Criteria

- Receipt of disallowed medications (phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin) within 4 weeks prior to enrollment

Cohort 1 Infants were enrolled prior to delivery so there were no infant study inclusion/exclusion criteria. However, only infants who met the following criteria were eligible for PK blood sampling. Infants ineligible for PK sampling remained in the study and were followed-up for safety.

Cohort 1: Infant PK Sampling Inclusion Criteria

  • Infant born to women who received at least 2 weeks of RAL prior to delivery and continue to receive RAL during labor prior to delivery in addition to their other ARV drugs
  • Infant birth weight of at least 2 kg
  • Infant at least 37 weeks gestation at delivery
  • Infant not receiving disallowed medications (phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin). If these medications are required for the infant's care, the infant will be ineligible for further PK sampling. PK samples will be obtained up to the time of the introduction of the disallowed medication.

Cohort 1: Infant PK Sampling Exclusion Criteria

- Infant has a severe congenital malformation or other medical condition not compatible with life or that would interfere with study participation or interpretation, as judged by the examining clinician

Cohort 2 enrolled M-I pairs at two time points: prior to delivery and within 48 hours after delivery.

  • For M-I pairs enrolled prior to delivery, the maternal study eligibility criteria were assessed at enrollment. There were no infant study eligibility criteria. However, only infants who met the PK sampling eligibility criteria had PK blood sampling. Infants ineligible for PK sampling remained in the study and were followed-up for safety.
  • For M-I pairs enrolled within 48 hours delivery, the maternal and infant study eligibility criteria were assessed at enrollment. A M-I pair was enrolled only if both the mother and the infant were eligible for the study. For multiple births, only infants who met the study eligibility criteria were enrolled.

Cohort 2: Maternal Study Inclusion Criteria: M-I pairs enrolled prior to delivery

  • Documentation of HIV-1 infection.
  • Viable singleton or multiple birth pregnancy based on clinical or other obstetrical measurements with infant birth weight anticipated to be less than or equal to 2,500 grams
  • RAL is currently used as part of maternal ARV regimen and planned to continue through labor and delivery
  • Willing and intends to deliver at the study-affiliated clinic or hospital
  • Willing and able to sign informed consent for participation of herself and her infant. Participant must be of an age to provide legal informed consent as defined by the country in which she resides. If not, informed consent must be signed by a legal guardian.

Cohort 2: Maternal Study Exclusion Criteria: M-I pairs enrolled prior to delivery

- Receipt of disallowed medications (phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin) within 4 weeks prior to enrollment or intent to be on any of the disallowed medications prior to delivery.

Cohort 2: Infant PK Blood Sampling Eligibility Criteria: M-I pairs enrolled prior to delivery

Infants were enrolled prior to delivery so there were no infant study eligibility criteria. Only infants who met the following criteria were eligible for PK blood sampling:

  • Infant born to woman who received at least one dose of RAL within 2 to 24 hours prior to delivery. Dose administered to mother must have been at least 2 hours prior to delivery to allow time for adequate absorption and distribution.
  • Infant birth weight less than or equal to 2,500 grams
  • Infant not receiving disallowed medications (phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin) as described in the protocol. If these medications are required for the infant's care, the infant will be ineligible for further PK sampling. PK data will be obtained up to the time of the introduction of the disallowed medication.
  • Infant less than or equal to 48 hours of age
  • Infant does not have any severe congenital malformation or other medical condition not compatible with life or that would interfere with study participation or interpretation, as judged by the examining clinician

Cohort 2: Maternal Study Inclusion Criteria: M-I pairs enrolled after delivery

  • Documentation of HIV-1 infection.
  • Received at least one dose of RAL within 2 to 24 hours prior to delivery
  • Willing and able to sign informed consent for participation of herself and her infant. Participant must be of an age to provide legal informed consent as defined by the country in which she resides. If not, informed consent must be signed by a legal guardian.

Cohort 2: Maternal Study Exclusion Criteria: M-I pairs enrolled after delivery

- Receipt of disallowed medications (phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin) within 4 weeks prior to delivery

Cohort 2: Infant Study Inclusion Criteria: M-I pairs enrolled after delivery

  • Infant birth weight less than or equal to 2,500 grams
  • Infant less than or equal to 48 hours of age

Cohort 2: Infant Study Exclusion Criteria: M-I pairs enrolled after delivery

  • Received disallowed medications (phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin)
  • Infant has a severe congenital malformation or other medical condition not compatible with life or that would interfere with study participation or interpretation, as judged by the examining clinician

学习计划

本节提供研究计划的详细信息，包括研究的设计方式和研究的衡量标准。

研究是如何设计的？

设计细节

队列和干预

团体/队列
干预/治疗
Cohort 1: Full term infants exposed in utero to maternal RAL
Infants, who were expected to be ≥2000 grams at birth (i.e. full-term) at time of enrollment, born to women with HIV-1 infection who received RAL 400 mg twice daily for at least two weeks prior to delivery and continued to receive ARVs during labor. The group also includes the mothers of these infants.
药品：Raltegravir
No study-specific drugs were given to women or infants during this study. Women received RAL for clinical indications outside of the study.
其他名称：
  • 劳尔
Cohort 2: LBW infants exposed in utero to maternal RAL
Infants, who were expected to be ≤2500 grams at birth (i.e. LBW) at time of enrollment, born to women with HIV-1 infection who received at least one dose of RAL 400 mg within 2 to 24 hours prior to delivery. The group also includes the mothers of these infants.
药品：Raltegravir
No study-specific drugs were given to women or infants during this study. Women received RAL for clinical indications outside of the study.
其他名称：
  • 劳尔

研究衡量的是什么？

主要结果指标

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
PK Parameter: Neonatal RAL Elimination Half-life (T1/2)
大体时间：Infant blood specimens were collected at 1-5, 8-14, 18-24, and 30-36 hours after birth for Cohort 1; and at 1-6, 12-24, 36-48, 72-84, and 108-132 hours after birth, and on day 7-14 for Cohort 2.
Time required for neonatal plasma concentration to decrease by one-half. T1/2 was estimated using the terminal 3 concentration-time points for each infant when available.
Infant blood specimens were collected at 1-5, 8-14, 18-24, and 30-36 hours after birth for Cohort 1; and at 1-6, 12-24, 36-48, 72-84, and 108-132 hours after birth, and on day 7-14 for Cohort 2.
Ratio of Cord Blood to Maternal Blood RAL Concentrations
大体时间：Maternal blood samples were scheduled to be collected within 1 hour after delivery and cord blood sample were collected immediately after cord was clamped
Ratio of the neonatal cord blood RAL concentration to the mother's plasma RAL concentration at birth
Maternal blood samples were scheduled to be collected within 1 hour after delivery and cord blood sample were collected immediately after cord was clamped
Number of Infants Who Met Composite Safety Endpoint (Grade 3/4 Adverse Event, Adverse Birth Outcome, Death)
大体时间：Assessed at entry through Week 20 for Cohort 1 infants and through Week 6 for Cohort 2 infants.

An infant was said to have met the composite safety endpoint if any of the following was observed:

  • adverse events (AEs) of Grade 3 or 4 as defined in DAIDS AE Grading Table
  • adverse birth outcomes including stillbirth and low birth weight (LBW), or
  • death.

Stillbirth could only be observed on infants enrolled prior to delivery. Cohort 2 enrolled LBW infants and prematurity and growth restriction which were highly linked to LBW were considered as baseline events and not AEs or adverse birth outcome for Cohort 2 infants.
Assessed at entry through Week 20 for Cohort 1 infants and through Week 6 for Cohort 2 infants.
Infant Total Bilirubin
大体时间：Measured at 8-14 hours (Visit 1), 30-36 hours (Visit 2) and 1-2 weeks (Visit 3) after birth for Cohort 1; and at 36-48 hours (Visit 1), 72-84 hours (Visit 2) and 1 week (Visit 3)after birth for Cohort 2.
Total bilirubin measured from infant blood specimens.
Measured at 8-14 hours (Visit 1), 30-36 hours (Visit 2) and 1-2 weeks (Visit 3) after birth for Cohort 1; and at 36-48 hours (Visit 1), 72-84 hours (Visit 2) and 1 week (Visit 3)after birth for Cohort 2.
Infant Direct Bilirubin
大体时间：Measured at 8-14 hours (Visit 1), 30-36 hours (Visit 2) and 1-2 weeks (Visit 3) after birth for Cohort 1; and at 36-48 hours (Visit 1), 72-84 hours (Visit 2) and 1 week (Visit 3)after birth for Cohort 2.
Direct bilirubin measured from infant blood specimens.
Measured at 8-14 hours (Visit 1), 30-36 hours (Visit 2) and 1-2 weeks (Visit 3) after birth for Cohort 1; and at 36-48 hours (Visit 1), 72-84 hours (Visit 2) and 1 week (Visit 3)after birth for Cohort 2.
Number of Infants Who Received Treatment to Reduce Bilirubin or for Jaundice
大体时间：Assessed from entry through around week 1 after birth
Assessment if infant received exchange transfusion, Phototherapy, or other treatment to reduce bilirubin or for jaundice
Assessed from entry through around week 1 after birth

次要结果测量

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
Neonatal RAL Elimination (T1/2) by UGT1A1 Genotype Group (Normal VS Mutation)
大体时间：Genotype was assessed close to birth and if this is not possible at 1-2 wks after birth. PK samples were collected at 1-5, 8-14, 18-24 and 30-36 hrs after birth for Cohort 1; 1-6, 12-24, 36-48, 72-84 and 108-132 hrs after birth, and day 7-14 for Cohort 2.
Neonatal RAL elimination was the time required for neonatal plasma concentration to decrease by one-half. Genotyping for polymorphisms of UGT1A1 were performed on infants who were eligible for PK sampling and were consented by their mothers/guardians(i.e. genotyping was optional) . The goal of the genotypic analysis is to determine if certain polymorphisms, particularly those with the UGT1A1*28/*28 genotype have slower RAL elimination than those with the UGT1A1*1/*1 genotype.
Genotype was assessed close to birth and if this is not possible at 1-2 wks after birth. PK samples were collected at 1-5, 8-14, 18-24 and 30-36 hrs after birth for Cohort 1; 1-6, 12-24, 36-48, 72-84 and 108-132 hrs after birth, and day 7-14 for Cohort 2.

合作者和调查者

在这里您可以找到参与这项研究的人员和组织。

赞助

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

调查人员

  • 学习椅：Diana F. Clarke, PharmD、Boston Medical Center

出版物和有用的链接

负责输入研究信息的人员自愿提供这些出版物。这些可能与研究有关。

一般刊物

有用的网址

研究记录日期

这些日期跟踪向 ClinicalTrials.gov 提交研究记录和摘要结果的进度。研究记录和报告的结果由国家医学图书馆 (NLM) 审查，以确保它们在发布到公共网站之前符合特定的质量控制标准。

研究主要日期

学习开始

2011年5月19日

初级完成 (实际的)

2018年4月23日

研究完成 (实际的)

2018年4月23日

研究注册日期

首次提交

2013年4月5日

首先提交符合 QC 标准的

2013年4月5日

首次发布 (估计)

2013年4月10日

研究记录更新

最后更新发布 (实际的)

2021年11月8日

上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新

2021年11月4日

最后验证

2020年2月1日

更多信息

与本研究相关的术语

其他相关的 MeSH 术语

其他研究编号

  • P1097
  • 11790 (注册表标识符：DAIDS ES)
  • IMPAACT P1097

此信息直接从 clinicaltrials.gov 网站检索，没有任何更改。如果您有任何更改、删除或更新研究详细信息的请求，请联系 register@clinicaltrials.gov. clinicaltrials.gov 上实施更改，我们的网站上也会自动更新.

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