The Effects of Nitrate-Rich Mouthwash on Vascular Tone (NITRATONE)
The Short-Term Effects of Nitrate-Rich Mouthwash on Oral Bacterial Nitrite Production, Blood Pressure, and Nitrate and Nitrite Concentrations in Plasma and Saliva of Healthy Adults
High blood pressure (hypertension) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. One important contributing factor to high blood pressure is reduced availability of nitric oxide (NO). Therefore, NO is an important molecule in maintaining healthy blood vessel function.
Dietary nitrate, found in leafy greens, can serve as an alternative source of nitric oxide in the body. After ingestion, nitrate is converted to nitrite by bacteria residing in the oral cavity. Nitrite can subsequently be converted to NO when swallowed. Therefore, this nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway is dependent on oral bacteria.
This study aims to assess whether rinsing the mouth with a nitrate-rich mouth rinse influences blood pressure in healthy adults. Also, concentrations of nitrate and nitrite in plasma and saliva will be measured following the nitrate-mouth rinse exposure.
研究概览
地位
条件
详细说明
This study investigates the potential acute blood pressure lowering effects of a simple nitrate-rich mouth rinse and drink, while also monitoring their effects on oral nitrite production capacity (NPC), plasma and salivary nitrate and nitrite levels, oral pH levels and the oral microbiology.
The study is a short-term, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.
Participants will receive interventions and donate samples at four separate sessions. At session (i), baseline measurements are taken prior to intervention, and samples are subsequently taken (as described under outcome measures). At session (i) and (ii), the participants will rinse the oral cavity with a nitrate-rich fluid (or placebo). Similarly for sessions (iii) and (iv), the participants will drink the same fluid (or placebo). When donating samples, the participants will be in fasting condition. In total there will be four sessions per participant with wash-out periods in-between.
To elucidate the short-term effects of the above-described interventions, sampling will be performed in the clinic at multiple time points during the first 2 hours after each intervention, as well as at 24 hours. Participants will also monitor their blood pressure at home at four different time points for all four interventions. No sampling or measurements will be performed during night-time.
For both the intervention and the placebo, potassium (K) salts are used (KNO3 and KCl). For chairside measurement of NPC in oral samples, the rapid Griess assay (RGA) will be used. Blood pressure will be measured at the study facilities as clinic blood pressure and orthostatic blood pressure (CBP and OBP, respectively) using a clinically validated blood pressure monitor. The same device will be used by the participants for home blood pressure measurements (HBP). Saliva pH will be measured using pH-sticks or a pH-meter. Plasma and saliva nitrate- and nitrite levels are analyzed using commercial laboratory kits. Salivary secretion rate (SCR) is recorded during saliva donation, and measured as volume per unit time. Microbiological effects will be analyzed with appropriate methods in the laboratory.
研究类型
注册 (估计的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习联系方式
- 姓名：Simeon KB Mavropoulos, DDS, MSc
- 电话号码：+46766185930
- 邮箱：simeon.mavropoulos@gu.se
研究联系人备份
- 姓名：Amina Basic, PhD, DDS
- 电话号码：+46766185930
- 邮箱：amina.basic@gu.se
学习地点
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Västra Götaland County
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Gothenburg、Västra Götaland County、瑞典、41390
- Odontologen, University of Gothenburg
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接触：
- Amina Basic, DDS, PhD
- 电话号码：+46766185930
- 邮箱：amina.basic@gu.se
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-
参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
- 成人
- 年长者
接受健康志愿者
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- ≥18 years of age; and
- clinic blood pressure <140/<90 mmHg.
Exclusion criteria:
- hypertension;
- systemic medication (other than the oral contraceptive pill);
- antibiotic treatment within the last 3 months;
- active smoking status and BMI > 30;
- prior gastric by-pass surgery;
- self-reported use of antiseptic mouthwash or toothpaste;
- self-reported use of tongue scrapes; and
- active periodontal disease or caries that needs treatment.
学习计划
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
- 主要用途：基础科学
- 分配：随机化
- 介入模型：交叉作业
- 屏蔽：四人间
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
|---|---|
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实验性的：Test mouth rinse
In this arm participants will receive nitrate rich-mouth rinse
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The oral cavity is rinsed with nitrate from mouth rinse, rather than ingested.
其他名称：
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安慰剂比较：Placebo mouth rinse
In this arm participants will receive placebo mouth rinse
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This mouth rinse is devoid of nitrates
This drink is devoid of nitrates
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有源比较器：Test drink
In this arm participants will receive nitrate-rich drink
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Nitrate is ingested, rather than rinsed and spit out
其他名称：
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安慰剂比较：Placebo drink
In this arm participants will receive placebo drink
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This mouth rinse is devoid of nitrates
This drink is devoid of nitrates
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研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Blood pressure before and at regular intervals within the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
大体时间：Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Blood pressure will be measured before and with regular intervals after nitrate exposure.
The measurements will be registered as systolic and diastolic measurements from clinic blood pressure and home blood pressure.
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Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Oral nitrite production before and at regular intervals within the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
大体时间：Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure
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The nitrite production is measured using the rapid Griess assay (RGA) - a chairside semi-quantitative nitrite concentration estimation tool for use in several different oral samples.
The RGA provides nitrite estimation on a grading scale of 0-5 with nitrite concentrations intervals.
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Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Plasma and salivary nitrate and nitrite levels before and after nitrate exposure.
大体时间：Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and 1 hour after nitrate exposure.
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Blood samples are drawn from venous blood before and 1 hour after nitrate exposure, and plasma is separated.
Saliva nitrate/nitrite is extracted from saliva samples donated before and 1 hour after nitrate exposure.
Both are analyzed using commercial laboratory kits.
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Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and 1 hour after nitrate exposure.
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Salivary pH levels at regular intervals.
大体时间：Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Salivary pH will be measured using a pH-stick at regular intervals before and after nitrate exposure.
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Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Orthostatic blood pressure before and at regular intervals within the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
大体时间：Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Orthostatic blood pressure will be measured at regular intervals before and after nitrate exposure and reported as systolic and diastolic blood pressure values in mmHg.
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Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Salivary secretion rate before and after nitrate exposure.
大体时间：Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Salivary secretion rate will be registered as volume per unit time when donating saliva before and after nitrate exposure with regular intervals.
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Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Relative abundance in cultivable oral microbial composition after nitrate exposure
大体时间：Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Microbial samples from multiple oral sites will be collected before and after nitrate exposure.
Oral microbial composition will be analyzed and reported as the relative abundance (%).
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Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Absolute abundance in cultivable oral microbial composition after nitrate exposure
大体时间：Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Microbial samples from multiple oral sites will be collected before and after nitrate exposure.
Cultivable oral microbial composition will be analyzed and reported as absolute abundance and expressed as colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL).
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Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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PCR detection of specific oral bacterial after nitrate exposure
大体时间：Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Microbial samples from multiple oral sites will be collected before and after nitrate exposure.
Quantitative PCR analysis will be performed for selected oral bacterial species and reported as bacterial counts or copy numbers.
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Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Oral microbial metabolite concentrations after nitrate exposure
大体时间：Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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Microbial samples from multiple oral sites will be collected before and after nitrate exposure.
Oral microbial metabolites will be analyzed and reported as metabolite concentration values.
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Baseline (prior to nitrate exposure) and during the 24 hours after nitrate exposure.
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合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员：Amina Basic, PhD, DDS、Göteborg University
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (估计的)
初级完成 (估计的)
研究完成 (估计的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
其他研究编号
- 2025-02639-01
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