Boxing-Based Training to Improve Balance and Mobility in Parkinson's Disease (EBA-B)
Challenging Physical Exercise to Improve Balance: Effects of Multidomain Boxing-Based Training in People With Parkinson's Disease
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if physical exercise that extensively and simultaneously challenges the brain's balance control network is effective in improving balance for people with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease.
The study aims to test a specific hypothesis: that a physically demanding, "multidomain" program-which trains multiple areas of balance at the same time-will produce significantly better results than simple exercises that only partially address the balance network.
To test this, researchers will use a specialized boxing-based program (EBA-B) as a model of challenging exercise. This will be compared to an active control group performing simple, low-intensity mobility movements in a chair.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does exercise that simultaneously challenges multiple domains of balance (using boxing as a tool) produce superior global improvements compared to less demanding programs?
- Is this extensive neural challenge more effective at reducing motor symptoms and improving functional mobility?
Participants will:
- Complete an 8-week "challenging" phase involving 50-minute group boxing sessions (EBA-B) 3 times per week, designed to challenge speed, agility, and coordination.
- Complete an 8-week "simple exercise" phase involving 20-minute home-based mobility seated workout 5 times per week, along with weekly education talks.
- Undergo clinical evaluations and balance tests at the start, middle, and end of the study to measure changes in their mobility
研究概览
地位
条件
详细说明
Background and Rationale Balance control is a complex function managed by a distributed neural network within the central nervous system, where the basal ganglia serve as a central node operating in coordination with the cerebral cortex, brainstem, and cerebellum. This network spans multiple neurochemical systems, including dopaminergic, cholinergic, and serotonergic pathways. In Parkinson's Disease (PD), this multi-level system is compromised early on, leading to symptoms like axial rigidity and progressive postural instability.
Current standard treatments, such as Levodopa and Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), often fail to address global balance dysfunction. While Levodopa may improve gait speed, it can paradoxically worsen postural sway and fails to significantly improve dynamic balance or dual-tasking. Therefore, there is a clinical need for interventions that target the balance network globally rather than in isolation.
Study Hypothesis The core hypothesis of this trial is that physical exercise that extensively and simultaneously challenges the distributed neural network of balance control is significantly more effective at improving multiple domains of balance in people with mild-to-moderate PD than simple exercise programs. Researchers propose that to achieve global improvement, the intervention must mimic the simultaneous demands of functional mobility in daily life. In this study, the Boxing-Based Balance and Agility Training (EBA-B) is utilized as a specific tool to operationalize this high-intensity, multidomain neural challenge.
Study Design This study is a randomized, crossover, controlled clinical trial. Participants are randomized into two groups (EF and EDU) which differ only in the order of the interventions received. The total study duration per participant is approximately 19 weeks, consisting of:
- Phase 1: 8 weeks of intervention (EBA-B or AC).
- Washout Period: 3 weeks of no study-related exercise to minimize carry-over effects.
- Phase 2: 8 weeks of the opposite intervention.
Intervention Protocols
-
Boxing-Based Training (EBA-B): The EBA-B program combines functional exercise with non-contact boxing techniques.
- Structure: 24 sessions (50 minutes each, 3 times per week).
- Progression: Organized into a Learning Block (Weeks 1-4) for habit formation and technical acquisition, and an Integration Block (Weeks 5-8) where exercises increase in volume, complexity, and intensity.
- Session Layout: Each session includes a warm-up, three successive 12-minute work stations, and a cool-down. Stations focus on asymmetric postures, trunk mobility, coordination of punch sequences, and reaction to stimuli.
- Intensity: Monitored via heart rate (pulse oximetry) and Rated Perceived Exertion (RPE), with a planned progression from 40% to 75% of maximum heart rate.
-
Active Control (AC): The AC intervention is designed to match the total weekly volume of 150 minutes but with lower physical demand.
- Education: Weekly 50-minute in-person talks regarding PD pathology and quality of life to maintain group socialization.
- Mobility: A 20-minute video workout of simple, seated (chair-based) mobility exercises to be performed at home 5 times per week.
Monitoring and Safety Clinical evaluations are performed in the "ON" medication state at three time points: Baseline (0M), Mid-point/Washout (2M), and Study Completion (4M). Participants are instructed to maintain stable medication and daily activity levels throughout the study. Adverse events, such as falls or musculoskeletal injuries, are recorded via participant diaries and direct reporting during sessions.
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
-
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Bío Bío
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Concepción、Bío Bío、智利、4030000
- Fundación Unión Parkinson Bío Bío
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 25 years or older
- Confirmed diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's Disease by a specialist physician
- Parkinson's Disease severity stage between I and III on the Hoehn and Yahr scale
- Current use of stable doses of anti-parkinsonian medication
- Ability to stand upright without assistance
- Ability to walk independently at home for at least two minutes, with or without a walking aid
- Not currently participating in any other specialized exercise program (such as non-contact boxing, Tai Chi, tango, or aquatic therapy)
- Availability and means to attend in-person group sessions three times per week for eight weeks
Exclusion Criteria:
- Currently undergoing the process of Parkinson's Disease diagnostic confirmation
- Diagnosis of atypical parkinsonism
- Other neurological conditions besides Parkinson's Disease
- History of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) or other brain surgeries
- Severe bone or muscle problems that prevent safe exercise
- Uncontrolled heart or metabolic conditions that make exercise unsafe
- Severe respiratory conditions or current COVID-19 (SARS-COV2) infection
学习计划
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
- 主要用途：治疗
- 分配：随机化
- 介入模型：交叉作业
- 屏蔽：双倍的
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
|---|---|
|
实验性的：Group EF: EBA-B followed by Active Control
Participants in this arm first receive 8 weeks of the experimental boxing-based balance and agility training (EBA-B), followed by a 3-week washout period. Subsequently, they crossover to receive 8 weeks of the Active Control (AC) intervention, which consists of education sessions and home-based mobility exercises. |
This intervention is a specialized multidomain exercise program designed to extensively and simultaneously challenge the brain's balance control network.
This active control intervention provides a partial challenge to the balance network through simpler movements and social interaction.
|
|
实验性的：Group EDU: Active Control followed by EBA-B
Participants in this arm first receive 8 weeks of the Active Control (AC) intervention (education and home-based mobility exercises), followed by a 3-week washout period. Subsequently, they crossover to receive 8 weeks of the experimental boxing-based balance and agility training (EBA-B). |
This intervention is a specialized multidomain exercise program designed to extensively and simultaneously challenge the brain's balance control network.
This active control intervention provides a partial challenge to the balance network through simpler movements and social interaction.
|
研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
|
Change from Baseline in Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (MiniBESTest) Total Score
大体时间：Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
The MiniBESTest is a clinical rating scale used to assess four domains of balance: anticipatory postural adjustments, reactive postural control, sensory orientation, and dynamic balance. It consists of 14 items, each scored on an ordinal scale from 0 to 2. The total score ranges from 0 to 28 points, where 0 represents the greatest balance impairment and 28 represents typical, healthy balance performance. |
Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
|
Change from Baseline in Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) Total Score
大体时间：Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
The FGA is a clinical scale designed to assess postural stability during various walking tasks. It comprises 10 tasks, each rated from 0 to 3 points. The total score ranges from 0 to 30 points, where 0 indicates severe gait impairment and 30 indicates normal functional gait. |
Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
|
Change from Baseline in Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS III)
大体时间：Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
This scale measures the severity of motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson's Disease. It involves a clinical examination of motor functions such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. The total score is the sum of all items; a higher score indicates greater motor symptom severity and a lower score indicates fewer symptoms. |
Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
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Change from Baseline in Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) Summary Index and Individual Domain Scores
大体时间：Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
The PDQ-39 is a self-administered questionnaire used to evaluate the impact of Parkinson's Disease on health-related quality of life. It consists of 39 items covering 8 distinct dimensions:
Scores for each of the 8 domains and the overall Summary Index (SI) are calculated on a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 represents the best possible health status (no impact or limitations) and 100 represents the worst health-related quality of life. The study analyzed changes from baseline in the global summary index and in each dimension separately to detect domain-specific therapeutic effects. |
Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
|
Change from Baseline in Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale
大体时间：Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
This scale measures the participant's level of confidence in maintaining balance while performing 16 specific daily activities. Each activity is rated on a percentage scale from 0% (no confidence) to 100% (complete confidence). The final score is the average percentage of all items, where higher percentages indicate greater balance confidence. |
Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
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Change from Baseline in First Step Range of Motion (ROM)
大体时间：Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
An objective mobility metric of Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APA) obtained using APDM® Opal inertial sensors (placed on feet and lumbar region) during gait initiation[5][6]. Measured in degrees (°), where higher values indicate greater angular displacement of the ankle and improved APA magnitude. |
Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
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Change from Baseline in Functional Gait Speed
大体时间：Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
An objective spatiotemporal gait metric captured via APDM® Opal inertial sensors during a 10-meter Walk Test in single task. Measured in meters per second (m/s), where higher values represent faster functional walking speed. |
Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
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Change from Baseline in Instrumented Postural Sway Area
大体时间：Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
An objective postural stability metric captured via APDM® Opal inertial sensors (lumbar sensor) during dynamic and static balance tasks. Measured in centimeters squared (cm²), where lower values indicate reduced body sway and better postural control. |
Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
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Change from Baseline in Postural Movement Smoothness (Jerk)
大体时间：Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
An objective metric quantifying the fluidity of postural control, captured via the lumbar APDM® Opal inertial sensor during balance tasks. Measured in meters squared per second to the fifth power (m²/s⁵), where lower values represent smoother movement and reduced postural instability. |
Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
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Change from Baseline in Dual-Task Cost (DTC) During Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test
大体时间：Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
An objective mobility metric evaluating cognitive-motor interference during dynamic balance and gait. Participants performed the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test under single-task and dual-task (performing a concurrent cognitive task) conditions while wearing APDM® Opal inertial sensors. Dual-Task Cost is calculated as a percentage using the standard relative formula: [(Dual-Task TUG Duration - Single-Task TUG Duration) / Single-Task TUG Duration] × 100. Reported in percentage (%), where lower or negative values represent less motor performance degradation during dual-tasking (i.e., superior cognitive-motor integration). |
Baseline, 8 weeks (end of Phase 1), and 19 weeks (end of Phase 2/Study Completion).
|
合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 研究主任：Pablo I Burgos, PhD、University of Chile
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (实际的)
初级完成 (实际的)
研究完成 (实际的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
其他相关的 MeSH 术语
其他研究编号
- CEISH-174-2022
计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)
计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)？
IPD 计划说明
All the collected IPD.
IPD 共享时间框架
After the publication of the clinical trial, for 5 years.
IPD 共享访问标准
Based on reasonable request to the project director (Pablo Burgos, pburgos@uchile.cl) and the principal investigator (Miguel Pino, mmpinogar@gmail.com), the data will be shared.
IPD 共享支持信息类型
- 研究方案
- 树液
- 分析代码
药物和器械信息、研究文件
研究美国 FDA 监管的药品
研究美国 FDA 监管的设备产品
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