Serial Body Composition Measurements by PEAPOD (SBMP)
Body Composition at Birth and Its Evolution Over the First 6 Months in Neonates Using Air-displacement Plethysmography (PEAPOD Machine): A Prospective Longitudinal Matched Case-control Study in a Low-income Setting
Birth weight alone is not precise enough to explain the nutritional status of a newborn baby. For SGA babies (born smaller than they should be for birth age and sex) a sophisticated machine called a PEAPOD can calculate the percentage of body fat, fat mass and fat-free mass. The PEAPOD does these measurements by moving air around a baby placed on a scale inside a Pod. The procedure is quick (average 7 minutes), accurate, safe and useful to 6 months of age. The investigators want to understand if there are clues in the body composition of babies born to small compared to babies of the right size that point to why born too small have increased risk of heart and blood vessel problems linked to issues like diabetes and obesity, later in life. A type of study called "matched case-control" could help us investigate mother factors that are associated with being born too small. Cases (SGA) will be matched with controls (AGA, a baby born not too small and not too large) based on sex, weeks of age at birth (±1 week), number of births the mother has had (same parity). Information about the study will be given in pregnancy. If consent is provided blood samples (mother and cord) will be collected at birth. Small amount of blood will be taken from mother and baby one time at birth, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months; and babies will attend for 7 PEAPOD measurements unless birth weight >6.0kg is reached first. Additionally, mother's breast milk will be collected. These will be used to measure different molecules in the blood related to health and disease. With the data from this study, the investigators may be able to provide better recommendations during pregnancy that can help optimize baby and infant nutritional status and adult health outcomes.
研究概览
详细说明
This study aims to investigate body composition at birth and its evolution over the first six months of life in neonates using air-displacement plethysmography (PEAPOD). Traditional anthropometric measures such as birth weight and length provide limited information on neonatal nutritional status, as they do not distinguish between fat mass and fat-free mass. Understanding early body composition may offer important insights into infant growth patterns and long-term health outcomes, including risks of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
This is a prospective longitudinal matched case-control study conducted at the Mawker Thai Clinic, Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), along the Thailand-Myanmar border. The study will recruit 300 mother-infant pairs, including 150 small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonates and 150 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) neonates. Cases and controls will be matched based on sex, gestational age (±1 week), and parity.
Following informed consent obtained during pregnancy, baseline maternal data will be collected from routine antenatal care. After delivery, neonatal eligibility will be confirmed, and study procedures will begin within 24-48 hours of birth. Body composition measurements will be performed using the PEAPOD device, a validated, non-invasive method for assessing fat mass, fat-free mass, and percentage body fat in infants.
Participants will be followed monthly up to six months postpartum (or until the infant reaches 6.0 kg, the upper limit for PEAPOD measurement). At each visit, both maternal and infant assessments will be conducted. These include anthropometric measurements, body composition assessments, and collection of biological samples such as maternal venous blood, umbilical cord blood, capillary blood samples, and maternal breast milk. Laboratory analyses will include haematological parameters and nutritional biomarkers relevant to maternal and infant health.
The primary objective is to compare longitudinal changes in body composition between SGA and AGA infants during the first six months of life. Secondary objectives include identifying maternal and fetal factors associated with neonatal and infant body composition, including maternal nutritional status, gestational weight gain, metabolic conditions, and breast milk composition.
This study will provide important evidence on early-life body composition trajectories in a resource-limited setting and may inform strategies to improve maternal and infant health, nutritional interventions, and long-term disease prevention.
研究类型
注册 (估计的)
联系人和位置
学习联系方式
- 姓名：Dr Nay Win Tun, MBBS
- 电话号码：+66800273370
- 邮箱：naywintun@shoklo-unit.com
研究联系人备份
- 姓名：Htet Htet Aung, BA
- 电话号码：+66828082412
- 邮箱：htethtetaung@tropmedres.ac
学习地点
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Changwat Tak
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Tak、Changwat Tak、泰国
- Mawker Thai Clinic, Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU)
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接触：
- Dr Nay Win Tun, MBBS
- 电话号码：+66800273370
- 邮箱：naywintun@shoklo-unit.com
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首席研究员：
- Prof Rose McGready
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副研究员：
- Prof Francois H. Nosten
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副研究员：
- Dr Sue J Lee
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副研究员：
- Dr Nay Win Tun
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副研究员：
- Dr Aung Myat Min
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副研究员：
- Dr Mellie Gilder
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副研究员：
- Dr May Thu Thu Aung
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副研究员：
- Dr Ajjima Thussachan
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
取样方法
研究人群
Pregnant woman attending for antenatal care or admitted for delivery and their neonates attending at Mawker Thai clinic along the Thailand-Myanmar border. The study population includes both small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates and their mothers, representing a resource-limited border population.
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
Pregnant woman
- The pregnant woman who had received a good dating ultrasound scan less than 24 weeks' gestation and maternal age would be ≥ 18 years old.
- Willing and able to provide informed consent.
- Able to attend monthly follow-up visits.
Neonates
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Normal, single-baby pregnancy (singleton) born at term at Mawker Thai clinic.
- Neonate eligibility can only be confirmed after delivery.
Exclusion Criteria:
Pregnant woman
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Families residing far from the study site and unable to commit to follow-up. Neonates*
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Baby born requiring admission to the special care baby unit (SCBU).
- Neonate eligibility can only be confirmed after delivery.
学习计划
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
- 观测模型：CASE_CONTROL
- 时间观点：PROSPECTIVE
队列和干预
团体/队列 |
干预/治疗 |
|---|---|
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Small for Gestational Age (SGA) Neonates
Neonates classified as small for gestational age (SGA), defined as birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age. Participants will undergo non-invasive body composition measurements using air-displacement plethysmography (PEAPOD) and follow-up assessments at monthly intervals up to six months of age (or until reaching 6.0 kg). Additional study procedures include anthropometric measurements and collection of biological samples (maternal blood, cord blood, infant capillary blood, and breast milk) for laboratory analyses. |
The PEAPOD air displacement plethysmography system is a non-invasive device used to measure infant body composition, including fat mass, fat-free mass, and percentage body fat. The measurement is performed by placing the infant in a calibrated chamber for a short duration, during which body volume and mass are assessed. The procedure is safe, painless, and does not involve radiation or invasive techniques. In this study, the device is used solely for observational measurement of body composition and not as a therapeutic intervention.
其他名称：
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Appropriate for Gestational Age (AGA) Neonates
Neonates classified as appropriate for gestational age (AGA), defined as birth weight between the 10th and 90th percentile for gestational age. Participants will undergo the same study procedures as the SGA group, including non-invasive body composition measurements using PEAPOD and follow-up assessments at monthly intervals up to six months of age (or until reaching 6.0 kg), along with anthropometric measurements and collection of biological samples for laboratory analyses. |
The PEAPOD air displacement plethysmography system is a non-invasive device used to measure infant body composition, including fat mass, fat-free mass, and percentage body fat. The measurement is performed by placing the infant in a calibrated chamber for a short duration, during which body volume and mass are assessed. The procedure is safe, painless, and does not involve radiation or invasive techniques. In this study, the device is used solely for observational measurement of body composition and not as a therapeutic intervention.
其他名称：
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研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Body composition changes - Fat mass in neonates with small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) at birth and during the first 6 months of life
大体时间：At birth, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months of life (unless body weight >6.0kg is reached first)
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Fat mass (kg) measured using air displacement plethysmography (PEAPOD) at birth and during follow-up visits to compare between small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants |
At birth, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months of life (unless body weight >6.0kg is reached first)
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Body composition changes - Fat-free mass in neonates with small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) at birth and during the first 6 months of life
大体时间：At birth, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months of life (unless body weight >6.0kg is reached first)
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Fat-free mass (kg) measured using PEAPOD at birth and during follow-up visits to compare between SGA and AGA infants |
At birth, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months of life (unless body weight >6.0kg is reached first)
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Percentage body fat in SGA and AGA infants
大体时间：At birth, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months of life (unless body weight >6.0kg is reached first)
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Percentage body fat (%) measured using PEAPOD at birth and during follow-up visits to compare between SGA and AGA infants |
At birth, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months of life (unless body weight >6.0kg is reached first)
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Maternal First-Trimester Body Mass Index (BMI)
大体时间：Baseline (antenatal records)
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Maternal first-trimester BMI (kg/m²) calculated from weight and height recorded during antenatal care |
Baseline (antenatal records)
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Maternal Gestational Weight Gain
大体时间：Baseline (antenatal records)
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Maternal gestational weight gain (kg) calculated from antenatal weight measurements |
Baseline (antenatal records)
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Status
大体时间：Baseline (antenatal records)
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Presence or absence of gestational diabetes mellitus documented in maternal clinical records |
Baseline (antenatal records)
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Maternal Anaemia
大体时间：Baseline to maximum 6 months postpartum
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Presence or absence of maternal anaemia determined from maternal haemoglobin measurements |
Baseline to maximum 6 months postpartum
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Maternal HbA1c Concentration
大体时间：Delivery and 2 months postpartum
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Maternal glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) percentage (%) measured from maternal blood samples |
Delivery and 2 months postpartum
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Breast Milk Creamatocrit
大体时间：At birth to maximum 6 months postpartum
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Creamatocrit percentage (%) measured from maternal breast milk samples |
At birth to maximum 6 months postpartum
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Breast Milk Sodium Concentration
大体时间：At birth to maximum 6 months postpartum
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Sodium concentration (mmol/L) measured from maternal breast milk samples |
At birth to maximum 6 months postpartum
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Breast Milk Proteomic Profile
大体时间：Delivery and monthly postpartum until 6 months
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Proteomic profile of maternal breast milk measured using MALDI-TOF analysis |
Delivery and monthly postpartum until 6 months
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合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员：Prof Rose McGready、Shoklo Malaria Research Unit
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (估计的)
初级完成 (估计的)
研究完成 (估计的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
关键字
其他研究编号
- SBMP
计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)
计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)？
IPD 计划说明
Individual participant data (IPD), including de-identified clinical, anthropometric, laboratory, and body composition data collected during the study, will not be made publicly available. Data collected in this study involve sensitive information from mothers and neonates in a vulnerable population, and sharing will be restricted to protect participant confidentiality. De-identified data may be made available upon reasonable request, subject to review and approval by the study investigators and relevant institutional authorities, and in accordance with data sharing agreements and applicable ethical and regulatory requirements.
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