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Mechanisms of Antidepressant Non-Response in Late-Life Depression

2020年6月30日 更新者：Bret Rutherford、New York State Psychiatric Institute
This project seeks to elucidate the mechanisms by which antidepressant medications have limited efficacy in Late Life Depression (LLD) in order to develop new treatment interventions for this prevalent and disabling illness. Investigators hypothesize that the presence of executive dysfunction (ED),which is common in depressed adults over 60, impairs the ability to form appropriate expectancies of improvement with antidepressant treatment. Greater expectancy has been shown to improve antidepressant treatment outcome and is hypothesized to be a primary mechanism of placebo effects. Moreover, white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are more prevalent in patients with LLD compared to healthy controls. It has been argued that WMH contribute to the pathogenesis of LLD with ED and decrease the efficacy of antidepressant medications by disrupting connections between prefrontal cortical (PFC) and subcortical structures. Vascular lesions to white matter tracts may also compromise the pathway by which expectancy-based placebo effects influence depressive symptoms. Expectancies reflect activation in PFC areas that may improve depressive symptoms by modulating the activity of subcortical regions subserving negative affective systems (i.e., amygdala) as well as those important in reward and hedonic capacity (nucleus accumbens and ventral striatum). Thus, LLD patients with ED and WMH may sustain a "double-hit" to their ability to experience placebo effects in antidepressant treatments: ED diminishes the ability to generate appropriate treatment expectancies, while WMH disrupt the physiologic pathways by which expectancies lead to improvement in depressive symptoms.

調査の概要

状態

完了

条件

介入・治療

詳細な説明

To determine whether decreased antidepressant medication response in LLD patients with ED and WMH is caused by a loss of expectancy effects, Investigators will evaluate 130 outpatients with LLD at baseline to determine their degree of ED (interference score on Stroop Color-Word Test), WMH burden (severity score on Fazekas modified Coffey Rating Scale derived from anatomical MRI), and white matter tract integrity (using diffusion tensor imaging [DTI]). Building on work from the investigators K23 Award, the investigator will manipulate participants' expectancy of improvement in an 8-week duration antidepressant trial by randomizing patients between open administration of escitalopram (i.e., high expectancy) and placebo-controlled administration of escitalopram (i.e., low expectancy). The difference in antidepressant response observed between open and placebo-controlled medication treatment is a measure of the expectancy contribution to outcome, which is substantial in younger depressed adults but investigators hypothesize this will be diminished in LLD patients with ED and WMH.

研究の種類

介入

入学 (実際)

138

段階

  • 適用できない

連絡先と場所

このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。

研究場所

  • アメリカ
    • New York
      • New York、New York、アメリカ、10032
        • New York State Psychiatric Institute

参加基準

研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。

適格基準

就学可能な年齢

60年～90年 (大人、高齢者)

健康ボランティアの受け入れ

いいえ

受講資格のある性別

全て

説明

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Men and women aged 60-90 years
  • Diagnosis with nonpsychotic Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) IV MDD
  • 24-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) score ≥ 16
  • Willing to and capable of providing informed consent and complying with study procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Current comorbid Axis I DSM IV disorder other than Nicotine Dependence, Adjustment Disorder, or Anxiety Disorder
  • diagnosis of substance abuse or dependence (excluding Nicotine Dependence) within the past 12 months
  • History of psychosis, psychotic disorder, mania, or bipolar disorder
  • Diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's Disease, Vascular Dementia, or Parkinson's Disease
  • MMSE < 24
  • HRSD suicide item > 2 or Clinical Global Impressions (CGI)-Severity score of 7 at baseline
  • history of allergic or adverse reaction to escitalopram, or non-response to adequate trial of escitalopram (at least 4 weeks at dose of 20mg) during the current episode
  • current treatment with psychotherapy, antidepressants, antipsychotics, or mood stabilizers
  • having contraindication to MRI scanning (such as metal in body) or unable to tolerate the scanning procedures (i.e., severe obesity, claustrophobia)
  • acute, severe, or unstable medical or neurological illness

研究計画

このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。

研究はどのように設計されていますか？

デザインの詳細

  • 主な目的：処理
  • 割り当て：ランダム化
  • 介入モデル：並列代入
  • マスキング：4倍

武器と介入

参加者グループ / アーム
介入・治療
プラセボコンパレーター：Double Blind-Placebo
Blinded treatment with placebo, one pill a day. If after the 4 weeks, the patient has not remitted, they will be increased to 2 pills a day.
薬：Placebo oral tablet
Inert substance or treatment which is designed to have no therapeutic value but resemble the active medication in this study
他の名前：
  • プラセボ
アクティブコンパレータ：Double Blind-Escitalopram
Blinded treatment with either escitalopram 10mg, increased to escitalopram 20mg at week 4 if depression has not remitted.
薬：Escitalopram
Escitalopram is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It is FDA approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in adults and children over 12 years of age.
他の名前：
  • レクサプロ
アクティブコンパレータ：Open Treatment with Escitalopram
Open treatment with 10mg of escitalopram, increased to 20mg if depression has not remitted at week 4.
薬：Escitalopram
Escitalopram is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It is FDA approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in adults and children over 12 years of age.
他の名前：
  • レクサプロ

この研究は何を測定していますか？

主要な結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
うつ病のハミルトン評価尺度 (HRSD)
時間枠：ベースライン
私たちの目標は、うつ病のハミルトン評価尺度 (HRSD) によって測定されるうつ病の症状です。 HRSD は、うつ病の指標として、また回復を評価するためのガイドとして使用される 24 項目のアンケートです。 合計スコアの範囲は 0 ～ 74 で、非定型症状のサブスケールは含まれません。 通常、16 点以上のスコアは、抑うつ症状の存在を示すと見なされます。 スコアが高いほど重大度が高いことを示します。
ベースライン

二次結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD)
時間枠：Week 8
Our target is depressive symptomatology as measured by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD). The HRSD is a 24-item questionnaire used as an indication of depression and a guide to evaluate recovery. Total scores range from 0-74, not including atypical symptoms sub-scale. A score of 16 or above is typically considered to indicate the presence of depressive symptoms. Higher scores indicate greater severity.
Week 8
Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR)
時間枠：Baseline
QIDS-SR is a 16 item scale self-report form that was used to measure depression outcomes. This self-report is valuable in this study, because it is less susceptible to clinician and rater bias. The QIDS-SR has been increasingly used in antidepressant studies due to its equivalent weightings for each symptom item, clearly understandable anchor points, and inclusion of all DSM criteria for depression. The scores range from 0-27 with 27 being worse depressive symptoms.
Baseline
Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-SR)
時間枠：Week 8
QIDS-SR is a 16 item scale self-report form that was used to measure depression outcomes. This self-report is valuable in this study, because it is less susceptible to clinician and rater bias. The QIDS-SR has been increasingly used in antidepressant studies due to its equivalent weightings for each symptom item, clearly understandable anchor points, and inclusion of all DSM criteria for depression. The scores range from 0-27 with 27 being worse depressive symptoms.
Week 8
Credibility and Expectancy Scale-Better (CES)
時間枠：Pre-Baseline
CES is an 8 item scale in which subjects rate their impression of the credibility of the treatment and how they estimate their expectation of improvement. The CES is the most widely used measure of expectancy and has demonstrated good psychometric properties in multiple studies. Question 2 ('Better') asks the patient the chances of their depression being completely better at the end of this study, from 1 = very poor to 7 = very good. The higher the number, the higher the expectancy that they will be better.
Pre-Baseline
Credibility and Expectancy Scale-Better (CES)
時間枠：Week 0
CES is an 8 item scale in which subjects rate their impression of the credibility of the treatment and how they estimate their expectation of improvement. The CES is the most widely used measure of expectancy and has demonstrated good psychometric properties in multiple studies. Question 2 ('Better') asks the patient the chances of their depression being completely better at the end of this study, from 1 = very poor to 7 = very good. The higher the number, the higher the expectancy that they will be better.
Week 0
Credibility and Expectancy Scale-Depression
時間枠：Pre-baseline
CES is an 8 item scale in which subjects rate their impression of the credibility of the treatment and how they estimate their expectation of improvement. The CES is the most widely used measure of expectancy and has demonstrated good psychometric properties in multiple studies. CES question 3 ('Depression') asks how the patient's depression will be at the end of the study, compared with now, from 1 = much worse to 7= much better. The higher the number, the higher the expectancy that their depression will be much better.
Pre-baseline
Credibility and Expectancy Scale-Depression
時間枠：Week 0
CES is an 8 item scale in which subjects rate their impression of the credibility of the treatment and how they estimate their expectation of improvement. The CES is the most widely used measure of expectancy and has demonstrated good psychometric properties in multiple studies. CES question 3 ('Depression') asks how the patient's depression will be at the end of the study, compared with now, from 1 = much worse to 7= much better. The higher the number, the higher the expectancy that their depression will be much better.
Week 0
Quick Inventory of Depression Scale (QIDS-SR): Expectancy
時間枠：Pre-Baseline
This 16-items assessment is used to rate the 9 criterion symptom domains of a major depressive episode: 4 items are used to rate sleep disturbance (early, middle, and late insomnia plus hypersomnia); 2 items are used to rate psychomotor disturbance (agitation and retardation); 4 items are used to rate appetite/weight disturbance (appetite increase or decrease and weight increase or decrease). Only 1 item is used to rate the remaining 6 domains (depressed mood, decreased interest, decreased energy, worthlessness/guilt, concentration/decision making, and suicidal ideation). Each item is rated 0-3. For symptom domains that require more than 1 item, the highest score of the item relevant for each domain is taken. The total score ranges from 0-27. A lower rating indicates higher expectancy of improvement and lower expectation of depressive symptomatology, and a higher rating indicates lower expectancy of improvement, higher expectation of depression.
Pre-Baseline
Quick Inventory of Depression Scale (QIDS-SR): Expectancy
時間枠：Week 0
This 16-items assessment is used to rate the 9 criterion symptom domains of a major depressive episode: 4 items are used to rate sleep disturbance (early, middle, and late insomnia plus hypersomnia); 2 items are used to rate psychomotor disturbance (agitation and retardation); 4 items are used to rate appetite/weight disturbance (appetite increase or decrease and weight increase or decrease). Only 1 item is used to rate the remaining 6 domains (depressed mood, decreased interest, decreased energy, worthlessness/guilt, concentration/decision making, and suicidal ideation). Each item is rated 0-3. For symptom domains that require more than 1 item, the highest score of the item relevant for each domain is taken. The total score ranges from 0-27. A lower rating indicates higher expectancy of improvement and lower expectation of depressive symptomatology, and a higher rating indicates lower expectancy of improvement, higher expectation of depression.
Week 0
Executive Dysfunction: Stroop Color Word
時間枠：Pre-Baseline
Stroop Color Word test asks patients to name the color of a word rather than reading the word. Stroop Color Word is how many colors they can name in 45 sec (higher is better, e.g., less executive dysfunction).
Pre-Baseline
Executive Dysfunction: Stroop Interference
時間枠：Pre-Baseline
The Stroop is a measure of inhibition under distracting conditions that is sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction. in Stroop Color Word test patients are to name the color of a word rather than reading the word. Stroop Color Word is how many colors they can name in 45 sec (higher is better, e.g., less executive dysfunction). Stroop Interference is this score adjusted for age and education.
Pre-Baseline
White Matter Hyperintensity (WMH) Outcome- Total WMH
時間枠：Pre-Baseline
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Brain was acquired. We rated the severity of WMH on axial T2 FLAIR images using the Fazekas modified Coffey Rating Scale. Deep WMH are scored as 0 (absent), 1 (punctate foci), 2 (beginning confluence of foci), and 3 (large confluent areas); subcortical gray matter HIs (basal ganglia) are scored as 0 (absent), 1 (punctate), 2 (multipunctate), and 3 (diffuse); periventricular HIs are scored as 0 (absent), 1 (caps), 2 (smooth halo), and 3 (irregular and extending into the deep white matter). Our primary measure of WMH burden will be DWMH score, which has been used to establish the only empirically validated diagnostic criteria for vascular depression, where scores of 0-1 were normal, but 2-3 indicated WHM.
Pre-Baseline

協力者と研究者

ここでは、この調査に関係する人々や組織を見つけることができます。

スポンサー

New York State Psychiatric Institute

出版物と役立つリンク

研究に関する情報を入力する責任者は、自発的にこれらの出版物を提供します。これらは、研究に関連するあらゆるものに関するものである可能性があります。

一般刊行物

便利なリンク

研究記録日

これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。

主要日程の研究

研究開始 (実際)

2014年2月19日

一次修了 (実際)

2019年1月17日

研究の完了 (実際)

2020年1月17日

試験登録日

最初に提出

2013年8月26日

QC基準を満たした最初の提出物

2013年8月26日

最初の投稿 (見積もり)

2013年8月29日

学習記録の更新

投稿された最後の更新 (実際)

2020年7月2日

QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました

2020年6月30日

最終確認日

2020年6月1日

詳しくは

本研究に関する用語

追加の関連 MeSH 用語

その他の研究ID番号

  • 6836 (Sponsor ref)

個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画

個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?

いいえ

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