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Proof of Principle Study for an Efficacy Trial of Linaclotide for Cystic Fibrosis (MODEL)

2026年4月28日 更新者：Robin Spiller、University of Nottingham

A Randomised, Placebo-controlled Crossover Study Defining the Mode of Action of Linaclotide in Healthy Volunteers Using MRI

Linaclotide is a medicine used to treat constipation and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). It works by acting on the surface of the gut lining, where it increases the movement of salt and water into the bowel. This softens stools, makes them easier to pass, and can also reduce gut pain

One advantage of linaclotide is that, unlike some natural substances in the gut, it is stable and can act throughout the intestine. Studies in animals show that it has the strongest effect in the upper small intestine, but it may act in other parts of the bowel as well. In people, however, it is not yet clear whether linaclotide mainly works in the small intestine or in the large intestine (colon). Knowing this is important, because it could help the investigators understand whether linaclotide might also be useful in other conditions, such as cystic fibrosis, where the gut does not handle fluid properly.

Linaclotide is taken as a capsule, but less than 1% is absorbed into the bloodstream. Instead, it stays in the gut, where it is broken down into smaller active parts. This means both the small intestine and colon may be exposed to its effects.

Until now, it has been hard to study this because traditional methods only measure one part of the gut at a time. A team at the University of Nottingham has developed MRI scanning methods that can safely and non-invasively measure water content in the small intestine and colon.

The aim of this pilot study is to use MRI in healthy volunteers to see exactly where linaclotide acts. This knowledge will help optimise future studies in conditions such as cystic fibrosis.

調査の概要

状態

募集

条件

介入・治療

詳細な説明

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. In CF, defective CFTR may lead to various clinical effects on the gastrointestinal (GI) system; indeed, many CF patients report significant GI symptoms, with the most frequent being attributable to the lower GI tract, including bloating, flatulence, abdominal pain, and borborygmi. Moreover, constipation is another prevalent GI symptom in CF patients. It is estimated that 10-57% of CF patients report constipation symptoms, with an even higher prevalence (approximately 73%) in adults over the age of 30. Symptoms such as constipation are hypothesised to occur due to decreased luminal fluid content resulting from a reduction in anion flow, which ultimately leads to increased amounts of viscous mucus and slowed transit of intestinal contents. Presently, these GI symptoms in CF patients are often treated with laxatives and enemas, and in some cases surgical treatment, which can be uncomfortable and invasive, suggesting that alternative treatments are required.

Linaclotide, a drug approved for safe use across Europe and in the UK, is a synthetic analogue of uroguanylin that activates guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) receptors located on the luminal surface of intestinal epithelial cells. Activation of GC-C increases intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which stimulates cGMP-dependent protein kinase II (PKGII) and protein kinase A (PKA). Collectively, these kinases activate CFTR, leading to chloride and water secretion into the intestinal lumen. In parallel, elevated cGMP inhibits the sodium-hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3), thereby reducing sodium and water absorption. Together, these actions promote fluid secretion and accelerate intestinal transit, leading to linaclotide being commonly prescribed for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome with chronic constipation (IBS-C).

Meta-analyses confirm linaclotide's clinical benefit in chronic idiopathic constipation and IBS-C; however, its role in CF remains uncertain, though anecdotal reports and animal models suggest therapeutic potential. Linaclotide has less than 1% systemic bioavailability and is degraded in the upper small bowel by carboxypeptidases to an active metabolite, with a small proportion of the administered dose recovered in stool, providing exposure throughout the small and large intestine. However, the primary site of action in humans remains undefined.

Traditional perfusion methods provide only segmental information, limiting assessment of the whole intestine. By contrast, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables non-invasive evaluation of gastrointestinal water content across multiple regions. The Nottingham group has validated MRI techniques for quantifying small bowel water content and assessing colonic chyme hydration via T1 mapping. These methods have been successfully applied to study the effects of various pharmacological agents on gastrointestinal function.

Aim: To define the site of action of linaclotide in healthy volunteers using MRI. Identifying the regional effects of linaclotide will help optimise its future evaluation in CF patients. Based on clinical observations in constipation, stool effects emerge within seven days; however, the investigators hypothesise that small bowel changes occur within 1-2 hours of dosing. Therefore, a one-day pre-dosing regimen is expected to elicit a measurable effect on both the small bowel and colon while minimising participant burden.

Subjects will take 290ug linaclotide /placebo on the day prior to study day (day -1) and on the study day

研究の種類

介入

入学 (推定)

26

段階

  • 初期フェーズ 1

連絡先と場所

このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。

研究連絡先

研究場所

参加基準

研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。

適格基準

就学可能な年齢

  • 大人
  • 高齢者

健康ボランティアの受け入れ

はい

説明

Inclusion Criteria:

Participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the study

Not currently taking any medications (except for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, low dose tricyclic antidepressants, antihistamines, and oral contraceptive pill).

Aged between 18-60 years.

Ability to conform to the study protocol, including overnight fasting, dietary and lifestyle restriction, administering linaclotide and placebo intervention, MRI scanning, consuming the rice pudding/blue dye meal, and rating stool frequency and appearance.

Exclusion Criteria:

Contraindication to MRI scanning (i.e. metallic implants, pacemakers, history of metallic foreign body in eye(s) and penetrating eye injury, unable to lie flat and relatively still for less than 5 minutes.)

Pregnancy, lactating, or planning pregnancy during the investigation declared by candidate.

History declared by the candidate of pre-existing gastrointestinal disorder that may affect bowel function.

Reported history of previous resection of the oesophagus, stomach, or intestine (excluding appendix).

Intestinal stoma.

Any medical condition that may potentially compromise participation in the study e.g., known food intolerance to rice pudding, known contraindication to the oral administration of linaclotide or placebo.

Has a body mass index (BMI) value less than 18.5 or greater than 35.

Will not agree to follow dietary and lifestyle restrictions required.

Unable to stop drugs known to alter GI motility including mebeverine, opiates, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, phenothiazines, benzodiazepines, calcium channel antagonists for the duration of the study.

Participants who are currently (or in the past 3 months) taking antibiotics or probiotics as these may impact GI function.

Participation in night shift work the week prior to the study day. Night work is defined as working between midnight and 6.00 AM.

Anyone who in the opinion of the investigator is unlikely to be able to comply with the protocol e.g., cognitive dysfunction, chaotic lifestyle related to substance abuse.

Having taken part in a research study in the last 3 months involving invasive procedures or an inconvenience allowance

-

研究計画

このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。

研究はどのように設計されていますか？

デザインの詳細

  • 主な目的：処理
  • 割り当て：ランダム化
  • 介入モデル：クロスオーバー割り当て
  • マスキング：トリプル

武器と介入

参加者グループ / アーム
介入・治療
実験的：Linaclotide
290 mcg linaclotide across 2 days
薬：Linaclotide 290 micrograms
290 mcg, 2 days dosing, oral capsule form
プラセボコンパレーター：Placebo
Lactose placebo
薬：Lactose placebo pill
Placebo form, oral capsules identical to linaclotide

この研究は何を測定していますか？

主要な結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Small bowel water content
時間枠：Baseline, and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 minutes post-dose
Area under curve (AUC) 0-360 minutes Water content in small bowel as assessed by MRI (mL)
Baseline, and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 minutes post-dose

二次結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Colon water content
時間枠：Baseline, and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 minutes post-dose
Area under curve (AUC) 0-360 min Water content in the ascending colonic region as assessed by MRI (mL)
Baseline, and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 minutes post-dose
Colonic regional segmental volumes
時間枠：Baseline, and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 minutes post-dose
Total volume of regional colonic segments (ascending, transverse, descending, sigmorectal) as assessed by MRI (mL) at each time point.
Baseline, and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 minutes post-dose
Changes in stool consistency
時間枠：2 days before intervention, 5 days post-intervention
Stool consistency rated using Bristol stool scale (type 1-7; 7 being watery stool).
2 days before intervention, 5 days post-intervention
Changes in whole gut transit time (WGTT)
時間枠：1 day post-intervention
Assessed by time to stool discolouration following administration of blue dye paste.
1 day post-intervention
Gastrointestinal symptom rating
時間枠：2 days pre-intervention and 5 days post-intervention

Assessing the severity of common gastrointestinal symptoms (flatulence / gas passage, diarrhoea / loose stool, bloating, abdominal pain) via Likert-type scale: 0 = not at all

  1. = mild (distinct but negligible)
  2. = moderate (annoying)
  3. = severe (disabling
2 days pre-intervention and 5 days post-intervention
Changes in stool frequency
時間枠：2 days before starting intervention and for 5 days post intervention
Frequency (per day) of bowel movements (number with exact time)
2 days before starting intervention and for 5 days post intervention
Small bowel motility
時間枠：Baseline, and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 minutes post-dose
Maximum motility score (A.U) of the small bowel as assessed by MRI
Baseline, and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 minutes post-dose

協力者と研究者

ここでは、この調査に関係する人々や組織を見つけることができます。

スポンサー

University of Nottingham

出版物と役立つリンク

研究に関する情報を入力する責任者は、自発的にこれらの出版物を提供します。これらは、研究に関連するあらゆるものに関するものである可能性があります。

一般刊行物

  • Wilkinson-Smith, V., Hoad, C., Atkinson, D., Marciani, L., Corsetti, M., Scott, S. M., Taylor, S., Gowland, P., & Spiller, R. (2021). O59 MRI methods to define colonic function in health and constipation. Gut, 70(Suppl 1), A32-A33. https://doi.org/10.1136/GUTJNL-2020-BSGCAMPUS.59
  • Stefano, M. A., Sandy, N. S., Zagoya, C., Duckstein, F., Ribeiro, A. F., Mainz, J. G., & Lomazi, E. A. (2022). Diagnosing constipation in patients with cystic fibrosis applying ESPGHAN criteria. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 21(3), 497-501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2021.08.021
  • Stefano, M. A., Poderoso, R. E., Mainz, J. G., Ribeiro, J. D., Ribeiro, A. F., & Lomazi, E. A. (2020). Prevalence of constipation in cystic fibrosis patients: a systematic review of observational studies. Jornal de Pediatria, 96(6), 686-692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2020.03.004
  • Rubinstein, S., Moss, R., & Lewiston, N. (1986). Constipation and Meconium Ileus Equivalent in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis. Pediatrics, 78(3), 473-479. https://doi.org/10.1542/PEDS.78.3.473
  • McHugh, D. R., Cotton, C. U., Moss, F. J., Vitko, M., Valerio, D. M., Kelley, T. J., Hao, S., Jafri, A., Drumm, M. L., Boron, W. F., Stern, R. C., McBennett, K., & Hodges, C. A. (2018). Linaclotide improves gastrointestinal transit in cystic fibrosis mice by inhibiting sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3. American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 315(5), G868. https://doi.org/10.1152/AJPGI.00261.2017
  • arciani, L., Wright, J., Foley, S., Hoad, C. L., Totman, J. J., Bush, D., Hartley, C., Armstrong, A., Manby, P., Blackshaw, E., Perkins, A. C., Gowland, P. A., & Spiller, R. C. (2010). Effects of a 5-HT(3) antagonist, ondansetron, on fasting and postprandial small bowel water content assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 32(5), 655-663. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2036.2010.04395.X
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  • Hannig, G., Tchernychev, B., Kurtz, C. B., Bryant, A. P., Currie, M. G., & Silos-Santiago, I. (2014). Guanylate cyclase-C/cGMP: an emerging pathway in the regulation of visceral pain. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 7(1 APR), 31. https://doi.org/10.3389/FNMOL.2014.00031
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  • Dellschaft, N., Murray, K., Ren, Y., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., Spiller, R., & Hoad, C. (2025). Assessing Water Content of the Human Colonic Chyme Using the MRI Parameter T1: A Key Biomarker of Colonic Function. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 37(4). https://doi.org/10.1111/NMO.14999
  • Dellschaft, N., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., & Spiller, R. (2022). Small bowel water content assessed by MRI in health and disease: a collation of single-centre studies. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 55(3), 327-338. https://doi.org/10.1111/APT.16673
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  • Busby, R. W., Kessler, M. M., Bartolini, W. P., Bryant, A. P., Hannig, G., Higgins, C. S., Solinga, R. M., Tobin, J. V., Wakefield, J. D., Kurtz, C. B., & Currie, M. G. (2013). Pharmacologic Properties, Metabolism, and Disposition of Linaclotide, a Novel Therapeutic Peptide Approved for the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation and Chronic Idiopathic Constipation. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 344(1), 196-206. https://doi.org/10.1124/JPET.112.199430
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研究記録日

これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。

主要日程の研究

研究開始 (実際)

2026年3月9日

一次修了 (推定)

2026年8月1日

研究の完了 (推定)

2026年10月1日

試験登録日

最初に提出

2025年12月15日

QC基準を満たした最初の提出物

2026年4月28日

最初の投稿 (実際)

2026年5月6日

学習記録の更新

投稿された最後の更新 (実際)

2026年5月6日

QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました

2026年4月28日

最終確認日

2026年4月1日

詳しくは

本研究に関する用語

キーワード

追加の関連 MeSH 用語

その他の研究ID番号

  • FMHS-10-1025

個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画

個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?

未定

医薬品およびデバイス情報、研究文書

米国FDA規制医薬品の研究

いいえ

米国FDA規制機器製品の研究

いいえ

米国で製造され、米国から輸出された製品。

いいえ

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