Functional Effects of Tendon Neuroplastic Training in Wrestlers
Functional Effects of Tendon Neuroplastic Training in Wrestlers With Shoulder Tendinopathy: a Randomized Controlled Trial
ABSTRACT AIM: The term tendinopathy describes multifaceted pathologies occurring in the tendon, characterized by pain, functional impairment, and decreased exercise tolerance. The aim of this study is to use Tendon Neuroplastic Training (TNT) in Wrestlers with shoulder tendinopathy between the ages of 14-25; To investigate its effects on balance, coordination, mental performance and shoulder functionality.
METHOD: After determining the sample size of the study with the G Power (Software 3.1.9.2) program, 26 athletes were randomly divided into two groups; the study group received a 4-week TNT training protocol, while the control group received 4 weeks of standard eccentric training. Both groups were given exercises for the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis and Biceps muscles. The athletes' balance with "Upper Quarter Y Balance", coordination with "Alternate Hand Wall Toss", and mental performance with Stroop Color-Word tests were evaluated. "Kerlan-Jobe" and "Western Ontario Rotator Cuff" scales were used to evaluate shoulder functionality and pain. All assessments were administered before and after exercise training. The data were analyzed statistically with the "IBM SPSS 25" package program.
Key Words: Athlete, Mental Test, Shoulder, Tendinopathy
調査の概要
研究の種類
入学 (実際)
段階
- 適用できない
連絡先と場所
研究場所
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Kayseri
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Kayseri、Kayseri、トルコ（Türkiye）、38100
- Kayseri Youth and Sports Provincial Directorate
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参加基準
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
- 子
- 大人
- 高齢者
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- Being a licensed athlete for at least one year
- Having a diagnosis of tendinopathy based on clinical and radiological examination
- To positive least three of the following diagnostic tests: Neer Test, Hawkins-Kennedy Test, Jobe-Supraspinatus Test, Painful arc at 60-120 degrees of shoulder abduction
- Pain level is below 2 out of 10 at rest and below 3 out of 10 during active movement according to the visual pain scale,
- No limitation in joint range of motion (at least 85% of the healthy side).
Exclusion Criteria:
• Having any vision or hearing problems
- Previous surgery at last 6 month
- Having diagnose complete tendon rupture
研究計画
研究はどのように設計されていますか？
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的：他の
- 割り当て：ランダム化
- 介入モデル：並列代入
- マスキング：独身
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療 |
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実験的：Tendon Neuroplastic Training Group
The Group that Perceived Tendon Neuroplastic Training
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Tendon Neuroplastic Training can be adapted to isometric and isotonic exercises with a digital metronome program.
Tendon Neuroplastic Training has been reported to improve functionality and strength, reduce pain and cortical inhibition in athletes by generating 'adaptation' in central nervous system.
Resistance training planned with visual or auditory stimuli (externally paced), can induce changes on motor control.
the exercises paced to an external audio/visual cue on the participant's smartphone
他の名前：
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他の：Control Group
The Group that Perceived Standard Eccentric Training
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Tendon Neuroplastic Training can be adapted to isometric and isotonic exercises with a digital metronome program.
Tendon Neuroplastic Training has been reported to improve functionality and strength, reduce pain and cortical inhibition in athletes by generating 'adaptation' in central nervous system.
Resistance training planned with visual or auditory stimuli (externally paced), can induce changes on motor control.
the exercises paced to an external audio/visual cue on the participant's smartphone
他の名前：
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この研究は何を測定していますか？
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
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Cognitive function
時間枠："Baseline" and "week 4"
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Cognitive function was assessed with the Stroop Test TBAG (Temel Bilimler Araştırma Grubu) Form.
The Stroop Test also referred to as the Color- Word Task, was used to assess executive abilities, selective attention, and the ability to inhibit a habitual response.
In sports psychology research, the Stroop test and its derivations are commonly used to investigate the benefits of exercise on cognitive function.
Stroop Test TBAG Form consists of five cards.
For each section, the time taken by participants during the application was measured using a 0.01-second precision smartphone chronometer.
The completion time of reading the card, the number of errors and the number of corrections (if any) for each section were recorded on an evaluation form for each participant.
There are no minimum or maximum score values for this test.
A lower score means a better result.
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"Baseline" and "week 4"
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協力者と研究者
スポンサー
出版物と役立つリンク
一般刊行物
- 1. Singh A, Sharan L, Shankhapal VR, Shenoy S. From shoulder to ankle: A cross-sectional study of tendinopathy prevalence across the athletic population. J Sport Rehabil Sci. 2026;3(1):1-10. 2. McCausland C, Sawyer E, Eovaldi BJ, Varacallo MA. Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Shoulder Muscles. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; August 8, 2023. 3. Maunder DJ, Nelson BC, Murthi AM, Hoffman RA. The Burden of Shoulder and Elbow Injuries in Wrestling: A Systematic Review of Incidence, Injury Types, and Competition-Level Comparisons. Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach. 2025;0(0). 4. Goodman AD, Twomey-Kozak J, DeFroda SF, Owens BD. Epidemiology of shoulder and elbow injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association wrestlers, 2009-2010 through 2013-2014. The Physician and Sportsmedicine. 2018;46 (3):361-366. 5. Noh, Ji-Woong & Park, Byoung-Sun & Kim, Meeyoung & Lee, Lim-Kyu & Yang, Seung-Min & Lee, Won-Deok & Shin, Yong-Sub & Kim, Ju-Hyun & Lee, Jeong-Uk & Kwak, Taek-Yong & Lee, Tae-Hyun & Kim, Ju-Young & Park, Jaehong & Kim, Junghwan. (2015). Analysis of combat sports players' injuries according to playing style for sports physiotherapy research. Journal of physical therapy science. 27. 2425-30 6. Thomas RE, Zamanpour K. Injuries in wrestling: systematic review. The Physician and Sportsmedicine. 2018;46(2):168-196 7. Millar N, Silbernagel K, Thorborg K et al. Tendinopathy. Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 2021;7(1):1 8. Reinking M. Tendinopathy in athletes. Phys Ther Sport. 2012; 13: 3-10 9. Taik, F. Z., Karkouri, S., Tahiri, L., Aachari, I., Moulay Berkchi, J., Hmamouchi, I., Abouqal, R., Rkain, H., & Allali, F. (2022). Effects of kinesiotaping on disability and pain in patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy: double-blind randomized clinical trial. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 23(1), 90 10. Aydeniz B, Ersoy S, Çinicioğlu M, Vural M. Evaluation of Kinesiophobia, Pain and Functional Status in Adhesive Capsulitis and Rotator Cu
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