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Study on the Mechanism of ADC Drug Evaluation Based on Immune Co-culture of Lung Cancer Organoids

2026年5月25日 更新者：Zhou Chengzhi、Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease

A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of action of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in lung cancer, utilizing patient-derived organoid (PDO)-immune co-cultures. Focusing on HER2-positive and TROP2-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases, ADC candidates were screened for in vitro activity based on organoid-immune interaction models.

Key assessments included:

Tumor killing efficiency, assessed by dose-response relationships; Drug internalization (cellular uptake), as a measure of penetration into cancer cells; Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and bystander effect, with negative control targets employed to delineate specificity; Single-cell RNA sequencing, to profile transcriptional alterations at single-cell resolution.

Data demonstrated distinct ADC responses correlating with target expression and immune microenvironment features. The integrated approach provided cell-based evidence of ADC potency and revealed mechanistic insights-including immune-mediated cytotoxicity pathways and intracellular trafficking-supporting the rational design of clinical trials. These findings established a foundation for precision immunotherapy strategies and offered a mechanistic rationale for patient selection in HER2/TROP2-positive lung cancer.

調査の概要

状態

募集

条件

介入・治療

詳細な説明

A case-control study was conducted to systematically evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), utilizing an integrated patient-derived organoid (PDO)-immune cell co-culture platform. Focusing on HER2-positive and TROP2-positive NSCLC cases, a comprehensive research pipeline was established, comprising three core components: the construction of a PDO-immune co-culture model, multidimensional tumor killing assessment, and mechanistic dissection of cellular internalization.

Clinically resected tumor tissues and malignant pleural effusion specimens were harvested to generate PDOs, which were rigorously validated for histological fidelity and phenotypic stability via H&E staining and TTF-1 immunohistochemistry; cases were subsequently stratified based on HER2/TROP2 expression intensity. The functional integrity of the co-culture system was confirmed through flow cytometric analysis of immune cell purity and activation status, coupled with ELISA quantification of cytokines to verify effective immune-tumor crosstalk.

Pharmacodynamic evaluations were performed using ATP-based viability assays, PDO viability imaging, and Caspase-3/7 apoptosis detection. These assays simulated clinically relevant peak plasma concentrations (C max) to directly reflect in vivo drug exposure, while also assessing the synergistic potential of "ADC + Immuno-oncology" combination strategies to optimize clinical dosing regimens. Mechanistically, pHrodo dye tracking was employed to visualize and quantify cellular internalization and phagocytosis, complemented by single-cell RNA sequencing to delineate transcriptional profiles and identify specific subpopulations sensitive to ADC therapy. Furthermore, high-sensitivity Olink proteomics and multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry provided "cellular-molecular-spatial" evidence of immune activation and intracellular trafficking dynamics.

Collectively, the data revealed that distinct ADC responses correlated with target expression and the immune microenvironment, precisely characterizing the molecular signatures of sensitive cell subpopulations and their enhanced endocytic activity. These findings provide critical molecular targets and a theoretical basis for patient selection and the rational design of next-generation ADC therapies in HER2/TROP2-positive lung cancer.

研究の種類

観察的

入学 (推定)

10

連絡先と場所

このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。

研究連絡先

  • 名前：chengzhi Professor Zhou, PhD
  • 電話番号：13560351186
  • メール：13560351186@163.com

研究連絡先のバックアップ

研究場所

  • 中国
    • Guangdong
      • Guangzhou、Guangdong、中国
        • 募集
        • The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
        • コンタクト：
        • コンタクト：
        • 主任研究者：
          • Chengzhi Zhou, PhD

参加基準

研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。

適格基準

就学可能な年齢

  • 大人
  • 高齢者

健康ボランティアの受け入れ

いいえ

サンプリング方法

非確率サンプル

調査対象母集団

Patients with a pathological diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whose tumor patient-derived organoids (PDOs) exhibited strong or weak positive expression of the HER2 or TROP2 targets as determined by immunohistochemistry.

説明

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age ≥ 18 years.
  • Availability of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) with matched autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases.
  • Patients currently undergoing or scheduled to receive Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) therapy who meet clinical eligibility criteria.
  • Provision of written informed consent.
  • PDOs exhibiting strong positive HER2 and TROP2 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assigned to the experimental group.
  • PDOs exhibiting weak positive HER2 and TROP2 expression by IHC assigned to the negative control group.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • PDOs derived from patients with pathologically confirmed small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
  • Unavailability of matched autologous PDOs, TILs, or PBMCs.
  • Presence of any contraindications to T-DXd treatment.
  • Presence of other serious comorbidities resulting in an estimated survival of <3 months.
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding women.

研究計画

このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。

研究はどのように設計されていますか？

デザインの詳細

コホートと介入

グループ/コホート
介入・治療
HER2 Positive OrTROP2 Positive non-small cell lung cancer
The abundance of HER2 or TROP2 target expression was determined by immunohistochemistry and categorized into strongly positive and weakly positive groups, representing the experimental group and negative control group, respectively. Using an immunococulture system based on patient-derived organoids, the in vitro activity of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs)-including trastuzumab emtansine (an approved ADC administered intravenously)-that are either approved or currently in clinical trials was evaluated. In parallel, clinical patients provided ex vivo cytological assay results indicating their sensitivity to ADC therapy.
薬：Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) combination therapy

In a co-culture system of tumor patient-derived organoids (PDOs) and autologous immune cells, at least ten drug combinations comprising antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) were employed to screen for ADCs with sensitivity against the tumor PDOs. The ADCs selected for evaluation included:

Trastuzumab deruxtecan for injection (intravenous) Trastuzumab emtansine for injection (intravenous) Sacituzumab govitecan for injection (intravenous)

他の名前：
  • ADC + TKI/ICB + Cellular Therapy DS-8201
  • ADC + TKI/ICB + Cellular Therapy T-DM1
  • ADC + TKI/ICB + Cellular Therapy SG

この研究は何を測定していますか？

主要な結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Changes in ATP assay of tumor patient-derived organoids (PDOs) under treatment with ADCs and various drug combinations
時間枠：Tumor viability assessed by luminescence measurement at 72 hours after co-culture with immune cells
The single high-concentration ADC design was formulated to mimic the peak plasma concentration achieved after clinical administration, thereby directly reflecting the cytotoxic potency of the drug at effective concentrations. The combination therapy assessment focuses on the current trend of "ADC + immuno" strategies in oncology, providing ex vivo data to support optimization of clinical dosing regimens.
Tumor viability assessed by luminescence measurement at 72 hours after co-culture with immune cells
Real-time high-content imaging reveals efficient internalization of pHrodo-conjugated ADCs
時間枠：24hours
Kinetic analysis of ADC internalization was performed using a high-content imaging system. Briefly, cells were incubated with pHrodo-conjugated ADCs at 37°C. Real-time fluorescence imaging was conducted at 15-minute intervals for 24 hours to track the internalization efficiency. Quantitative data regarding cellular uptake were analyzed using the integrated high-content analysis software."
24hours
Integrated analysis of ADC IC50 determination and scRNA-seq data post co-culture
時間枠：96hours
We observed a wide range of sensitivities to ADC treatment across different PDO models, as reflected by varying IC50 values (ranging from X nM to Y nM). To uncover the mechanistic basis for this heterogeneity, we performed scRNA-seq on tumor cells following the co-culture and ADC treatment. Unsupervised clustering revealed distinct tumor cell subpopulations, including a cluster characterized by high proliferative signature and another marked by stress-response pathways.
96hours
Multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) and high-sensitivity Olink proteomics for inflammatory cytokines.
時間枠：96hours
To characterize the immune landscape, we performed multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) staining on tissue sections to analyze the spatial distribution of immune cells. Additionally, high-sensitivity Olink proteomics was utilized to quantify a panel of inflammatory cytokines in the culture supernatant.
96hours

二次結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Fluorescence imaging of PDO viability and apoptosis assessment via caspase-3/7 activity in pharmaco-sensitivity and PDO-immune co-culture assays.
時間枠：96hours
We utilized fluorescent viability dyes to visualize the cytotoxic effects of ADCs in co-culture. Concurrently, caspase-3/7 cleavage was detected as a marker of intrinsic apoptosis induced by the drug payload.
96hours
Cytokine secretion profiles (IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ) in co-culture supernatants measured by ELISA
時間枠：96hours
The levels of key effector cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, were quantified in the supernatant of the PDO-immune co-culture system using ELISA kits。
96hours
Flow cytometric analysis of T cell activation and exhaustion markers in co-culture assays
時間枠：96hours
Cells harvested from co-cultures were stained with fluorophore-conjugated antibodies against surface markers. T cell activation was defined by the upregulation of CD69 and CD25, while T cell dysfunction was characterized by the expression of inhibitory receptors such as PD-1 and TIM-3.
96hours

協力者と研究者

ここでは、この調査に関係する人々や組織を見つけることができます。

スポンサー

Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease

捜査官

  • 主任研究者：Chengzhi Zhou, PhD、The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University

出版物と役立つリンク

研究に関する情報を入力する責任者は、自発的にこれらの出版物を提供します。これらは、研究に関連するあらゆるものに関するものである可能性があります。

一般刊行物

便利なリンク

研究記録日

これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。

主要日程の研究

研究開始 (実際)

2025年12月28日

一次修了 (推定)

2027年10月1日

研究の完了 (推定)

2027年10月1日

試験登録日

最初に提出

2026年5月12日

QC基準を満たした最初の提出物

2026年5月25日

最初の投稿 (実際)

2026年5月28日

学習記録の更新

投稿された最後の更新 (実際)

2026年5月28日

QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました

2026年5月25日

最終確認日

2026年5月1日

詳しくは

本研究に関する用語

キーワード

追加の関連 MeSH 用語

その他の研究ID番号

  • ADC-2025-10-1

個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画

個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?

いいえ

医薬品およびデバイス情報、研究文書

米国FDA規制医薬品の研究

いいえ

米国FDA規制機器製品の研究

いいえ

米国で製造され、米国から輸出された製品。

はい

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