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Thrower's Ten Versus Conventional Conditioning in Amateur Discus Throwers

2026년 8월 25일 업데이트: Mohamed Sahal, Saveetha University

Association of Thrower's Ten Conditioning With Changes in Throwing Distance and Shoulder Strength in Amateur Male Discus Throwers: a Retrospective Cohort Study

This retrospective observational study compares the association of Thrower's Ten training and conventional conditioning with throwing performance and shoulder muscle strength in amateur male discus throwers. The study uses previously completed training and performance records from athletes who participated in one of two conditioning programmes. Throwing distance and shoulder muscle strength were assessed at baseline, during the training period, and at the end of the training period. The primary outcome is change in discus-throwing distance. Secondary outcomes include changes in shoulder muscle strength. The study aims to determine whether athletes who participated in the Thrower's Ten programme showed different changes in throwing performance and shoulder strength compared with athletes who participated in conventional conditioning.

연구 개요

상태

완전한

정황

개입 / 치료

상세 설명

This is a retrospective observational comparative study evaluating previously completed training records of amateur male discus throwers. The study compares athletes who participated in a Thrower's Ten-based conditioning programme with athletes who participated in conventional conditioning. Participant allocation to the training programmes was not performed prospectively according to a research randomization protocol; programme assignment was primarily related to scheduling and facility availability.

The analysis includes athletes for whom complete records were available for the relevant assessment time points. The primary outcome is discus-throwing distance. Secondary outcomes comprise shoulder muscle strength measured using manual muscle testing. Outcome assessments were available at baseline and subsequent assessment points during the training period, including the end-of-training assessment.

The primary analysis evaluates differences in the pattern of change over time between the two training groups using a mixed-design analysis of variance, with the time-by-group interaction representing the principal longitudinal comparison. Multiple outcomes were considered and a Bonferroni-adjusted significance threshold was applied. Difference-in-change estimates and confidence intervals were also calculated. Exploratory covariate-adjusted sensitivity analyses were performed for selected outcomes.

Because the study is based on previously completed records, the findings represent associations between participation in the respective training programmes and changes in throwing performance and shoulder strength. The study does not establish that the Thrower's Ten exercise content alone caused the observed differences. Differences in programme progression and unmeasured training factors, including throwing volume, may have contributed to the observed results.

The study is intended to provide preliminary evidence regarding the relationship between a structured Thrower's Ten-based conditioning programme and performance-related outcomes in amateur male discus throwers and to inform future prospective controlled studies.

연구 유형

관찰

등록 (실제)

32

연락처 및 위치

이 섹션에서는 연구를 수행하는 사람들의 연락처 정보와 이 연구가 수행되는 장소에 대한 정보를 제공합니다.

연구 장소

  • 인도
    • Tamil Nadu
      • Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 인도, 602105
        • Saveetha Medical College and Hospital [SMCH]

참여기준

연구원은 적격성 기준이라는 특정 설명에 맞는 사람을 찾습니다. 이러한 기준의 몇 가지 예는 개인의 일반적인 건강 상태 또는 이전 치료입니다.

자격 기준

공부할 수 있는 나이

  • 성인

건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다

예

샘플링 방법

비확률 샘플

연구 인구

Amateur male discus throwers aged 18-25 years whose previously completed training and performance records were available for retrospective analysis. Participants belonged to either the Thrower's Ten conditioning cohort or the conventional conditioning cohort.

설명

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Male amateur discus throwers aged 18-25 years.
  • Participants who participated in either the Thrower's Ten conditioning programme or the conventional conditioning programme.
  • Participants with the required baseline, Week 4, and Week 8 outcome records available for analysis.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Participants with incomplete outcome records required for the analysis.
  • Participants who did not complete the required training programme or assessment schedule.

공부 계획

이 섹션에서는 연구 설계 방법과 연구가 측정하는 내용을 포함하여 연구 계획에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.

연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?

디자인 세부사항

코호트 및 개입

그룹/코호트
개입 / 치료
Thrower's Ten Conditioning Group
Amateur male discus throwers who participated in the Thrower's Ten-based conditioning programme. The cohort was identified retrospectively from previously completed training records. Outcomes included discus-throwing distance and shoulder muscle strength assessed at the available study time points.
행동: Thrower's Ten exercise program
An 8-week Thrower's Ten conditioning program for amateur male discus throwers, consisting of supervised shoulder strengthening and flexibility exercises performed 3 sessions per week for 30 minutes per session. The program was based on the Thrower's Ten exercise series and incorporated progressive resistance during the training period. The program was administered as part of the athletes' routine conditioning.
Conventional Conditioning Group
Amateur male discus throwers who participated in the conventional conditioning programme. The cohort was identified retrospectively from previously completed training records. Outcomes included discus-throwing distance and shoulder muscle strength assessed at the available study time points.
행동: Conventional conditioning program
An 8-week conventional conditioning program consisting of shoulder strengthening and flexibility exercises, including prone horizontal abduction, horizontal abduction at 90° external rotation, side-lying external rotation, standing row, military press, towel stretch, crossover arm stretch, and sleeper stretch. Training was performed 3 sessions per week for 30 minutes per session. Progression in the conventional cohort was determined at the discretion of the trainer.

연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?

주요 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Discus-Throwing Distance
기간: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Discus-throwing distance measured in metres. Athletes performed three legal discus throws following a standardised warm-up, with 1-2 minutes of rest between attempts. The longest valid throw was recorded. Two trained evaluators independently identified the initial ground-contact point and measured the throwing distance using a standard measuring tape.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8

2차 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Isometric Shoulder Flexor Muscle Strength
기간: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric shoulder flexor muscle strength measured using the Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST). Strength was assessed by a trained assessor and recorded in mmHg.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric Shoulder Extensor Muscle Strength
기간: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric shoulder extensor muscle strength measured using the Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST). Strength was assessed by a trained assessor and recorded in mmHg.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric Shoulder Abductor Muscle Strength
기간: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric shoulder abductor muscle strength measured using the Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST). Strength was assessed by a trained assessor and recorded in mmHg.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric Shoulder Internal Rotator Muscle Strength
기간: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric shoulder internal rotator muscle strength measured using the Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST). Strength was assessed by a trained assessor and recorded in mmHg.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric Shoulder External Rotator Muscle Strength
기간: Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8
Isometric shoulder external rotator muscle strength measured using the Modified Sphygmomanometer Test (MST). Strength was assessed by a trained assessor and recorded in mmHg.
Baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8

공동 작업자 및 조사자

여기에서 이 연구와 관련된 사람과 조직을 찾을 수 있습니다.

스폰서

Saveetha University

수사관

  • 수석 연구원: Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian, Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

간행물 및 유용한 링크

연구에 대한 정보 입력을 담당하는 사람이 자발적으로 이러한 간행물을 제공합니다. 이것은 연구와 관련된 모든 것에 관한 것일 수 있습니다.

일반 간행물

연구 기록 날짜

이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.

연구 주요 날짜

연구 시작 (실제)

2025년 9월 1일

기본 완료 (실제)

2025년 9월 27일

연구 완료 (실제)

2025년 10월 20일

연구 등록 날짜

최초 제출

2026년 8월 19일

QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출

2026년 8월 19일

처음 게시됨 (실제)

2026년 8월 25일

연구 기록 업데이트

마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)

2026년 8월 27일

QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출

2026년 8월 25일

마지막으로 확인됨

2026년 8월 1일

추가 정보

이 연구와 관련된 용어

키워드

기타 연구 ID 번호

  • 028/10/2024/ISRB/UGSR/SCPT

개별 참가자 데이터(IPD) 계획

개별 참가자 데이터(IPD)를 공유할 계획입니까?

아니요

IPD 계획 설명

Individual participant-level data will not be shared publicly because the study involves retrospective analysis of participant records and sharing individual-level data may compromise participant confidentiality and privacy. De-identified aggregate results are reported in the manuscript. Data may be made available in accordance with institutional policies and applicable ethical and data-protection requirements upon reasonable request.

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아니

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