此页面是自动翻译的,不保证翻译的准确性。请参阅 英文版 对于源文本。

Elastic Band Exercises With Blood Flow Restriction Technique in Tennis Players

2026年6月24日 更新者:Neriman Temel Aksu、Akdeniz University

Investigation of the Effects of Elastic Band Exercises With Blood Flow Restriction Technique in Tennis Players: A Randomized Controlled Study

Considering that therabant (elastic band) training combined with blood flow restriction exercises can be an effective training program for achieving muscle hypertrophy in practical applications, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of elastic band exercises integrated with blood flow restriction applied to the upper extremities on grip strength, upper extremity muscle strength, and selected performance parameters in elite tennis players. Tennis is a sport that requires high levels of upper extremity strength, grip strength, coordination, speed, and agility. Therefore, improving performance and ensuring safe strength gains for athletes is important. In recent years, blood flow restriction has attracted attention because it provides muscle strength and hypertrophy gains similar to high-intensity resistance exercises, even with low loads. Elastic band exercises are widely used because they are economical, portable, and applicable to different age groups. This prospective randomized controlled trial will include 30 elite tennis players aged 13-18 who have been licensed to play tennis at Antalya Tennis Specialization and Sports Club for at least 3 months and regularly attend training sessions. Participants will be randomly assigned to study and control groups. The study group will perform upper extremity exercises with elastic bands twice a week for 8 weeks under occlusion, using 7 cm wide pneumatic cuffs applied to the proximal arm at 30% of arterial occlusion pressure. The control group will perform the same elastic band exercises twice a week for 8 weeks without occlusion. Grip strength, upper extremity muscle strength, speed, agility, and sport-specific performance parameters will be evaluated before and after the intervention. The aim of the study is to determine whether elastic band exercises supported by blood flow restriction contribute to strength and performance development in tennis players. This research is expected to provide a scientific contribution to the planning of upper extremity strength training in tennis players and the use of blood flow restriction methods in the field of athletic performance. The findings are expected to contribute to scientific and clinical applications in the fields of sports physiotherapy, performance enhancement, and athlete rehabilitation.

研究概览

详细说明

Blood flow restriction is a current training approach used to support muscle strength and adaptation in resistance exercises performed with low loads. In this method, blood flow is partially restricted to the affected extremity during exercise via a cuff, thus increasing metabolic stress in low-intensity exercises and aiming to support muscle strength development. In this respect, blood flow restriction is considered a complementary exercise method that can provide strength development without the need for high mechanical loading. While the effects of low-load resistance exercises with blood flow restriction on muscle strength and performance in different sports branches are currently being investigated, the effect of its application in combination with elastic band exercises on grip strength, upper extremity muscle strength, and tennis-specific performance parameters in elite tennis players is not yet sufficiently clear. Since upper extremity function is important for racket control and stroke performance in tennis, examining the effects of this method specific to tennis players could contribute to the literature and training planning. The application of blood flow restriction exercises, mainly used in rehabilitation and athletic conditioning, remains limited among elite tennis players. To date, evidence regarding the integration of resistance band training in athletic contexts is scarce, and randomized controlled trials in tennis players are virtually nonexistent. This gap highlights the need to investigate whether the synergistic benefits observed in clinical examples can be extended to athlete populations where explosiveness, endurance, and balance are critical to performance. Practical considerations faced by physiotherapists, coaches, and athletes are equally important. Traditional resistance training often requires access to gyms, heavy equipment, and structured supervision, which may not always be feasible in resource-constrained tennis academies or while traveling for tournaments. In contrast, elastic band resistance training is a cost-effective, portable, and highly adaptable method that can be implemented with minimal equipment. When integrated, they provide both peripheral benefits (musculoskeletal strength, flexibility) and central adaptations (neuromuscular coordination, proprioceptive control). This makes the hybrid program not only scientifically promising but also practically feasible, offering a conditioning approach that supports performance. The fact that blood flow restriction exercises yield similar results to high-intensity resistance exercises, while elastic band training, even when applied alone as an alternative strength training method, produces less muscle hypertrophy compared to high-intensity resistance exercises, highlights the necessity of this study. Considering that elastic band training combined with blood flow restriction exercises could be an effective training program for achieving muscle hypertrophy in practical applications, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of elastic band exercises integrated into blood flow restriction applied to the upper extremity on grip strength, upper extremity muscle strength, and selected performance parameters in elite tennis players. Despite its increasing popularity, there are few studies evaluating the use of blood flow restriction exercises to improve performance in tennis.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of upper extremity elastic band exercises integrated into an 8-week blood flow restriction method on grip strength, upper extremity muscle strength, and selected performance parameters. Besides their use for rehabilitation purposes, there are resources suggesting that elastic band exercises can improve athletic performance. The key in this regard is determining the strength value in the applied trainings or exercises and planning their development. Studies are being conducted on how much the elastic band should be stretched and exactly how much force should be applied. Article studies support the idea of how much different colored bands should be stretched in exercises or trainings and how many kg of force the band can produce at that tension.

This study, planned as a randomized prospective experimental study, aims to determine whether low-load blood flow restriction exercises contribute to the development of upper extremity strength and athletic performance in elite tennis players. It is believed that this research will provide scientific contributions to the planning of upper extremity strength training in tennis players and the use of blood flow restriction methods in the field of athletic performance.

研究类型

介入性

注册 (估计的)

30

阶段

  • 不适用

联系人和位置

本节提供了进行研究的人员的详细联系信息,以及有关进行该研究的地点的信息。

学习联系方式

研究联系人备份

学习地点

参与标准

研究人员寻找符合特定描述的人,称为资格标准。这些标准的一些例子是一个人的一般健康状况或先前的治疗。

资格标准

适合学习的年龄

  • 孩子
  • 成人

接受健康志愿者

不

描述

Inclusion Criteria:

Being between 13-18 years old Having regularly attended training sessions for at least one year Having played tennis professionally for at least 3 months Being willing to participate in the training

Exclusion Criteria:

Those who have sustained a sports injury within the last 6 months Those who have taken a break from sports Those using nutritional or medical supplements that may affect performance Those with recent upper extremity injuries or risks Those with diagnosed cardiovascular, respiratory, or neurological disorders that prevent moderate-intensity exercise Those with any diagnosed condition that may be a contraindication for blood flow restriction, such as venous thromboembolism, sickle cell anemia, hemophilia, or other clotting disorders

学习计划

本节提供研究计划的详细信息,包括研究的设计方式和研究的衡量标准。

研究是如何设计的?

设计细节

  • 主要用途:其他
  • 分配:随机化
  • 介入模型:并行分配
  • 屏蔽:无(打开标签)

武器和干预

参与者组/臂
干预/治疗
有源比较器:Control Group
The control group will perform elastic band exercises (on day one: Biceps Curls, External Rotation, Resistance Band Row, Pronation - Supination, Lateral Shoulder Stretch, Lawn Mower Row; on day two: Push Ups, Internal Rotation, Lat Pull Down, Side Lateral Raises, Triceps Overhead Extensions, Band High Pull) without occlusion, twice a week for 8 weeks.
Elastic band exercises (day one: Biceps Curls, External Rotation, Resistance Band Row, Pronation - Supination, Lateral Shoulder Stretch, Lawn Mower Row; day two: Push Ups, Internal Rotation, Lat Pull Down, Side Lateral Raises, Triceps Overhead Extensions, Band High Pull) twice a week for 8 weeks without occlusion.
实验性的:Study group
The study group will perform upper extremity exercises (day one: Biceps Curls, External Rotation, Resistance Band Row, Pronation - Supination, Lateral Shoulder Stretch, Lawn Mower Row; day two: Push Ups, Internal Rotation, Lat Pull Down, Side Lateral Raises, Triceps Overhead Extensions, Band High Pull) and elastic band exercises twice a week for 8 weeks under occlusion using 7 cm wide pneumatic cuffs applied to the proximal arm at 30% of arterial occlusion pressure.
Arterial blood flow pressure will be determined using a pulse oximeter, and exercise will be performed at 30% pressure. Arterial Occlusion Pressure Determination: Limb occlusion pressure will be determined using a pulse oximeter to identify the minimum pressure at which the brachial artery pulse is occluded. Arterial Occlusion Pressure Determination will be determined using the pulse oximeter method. Cuff pressure will be gradually increased, and pulse, SpO₂, and waveform will be monitored on the pulse oximeter. The pressure at which the pulse and waveform completely disappear will be considered the pressure at which arterial flow is interrupted and will be recorded as Arterial Occlusion Pressure Determination. Pressure for Applying Blood Flow Restrictive Exercises: Pressure will be applied at 30% of the determined Arterial Occlusion Pressure for the upper extremity. Occlusion cuffs will be inflated during each exercise and deflated immediately after the set to allow reperfusion.

研究衡量的是什么?

主要结果指标

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
Change of Grip Strength
大体时间:hange from Baseline Grip Strength at 8 weeks
A Jamar (NY 10533) brand dynamometer, a hydraulic measuring instrument, will be used to measure grip strength. Athletes will be asked to firmly grasp and release the dynamometer once while seated with their arm in adduction, elbow at 90° flexion, forearm in mid-rotation, and hand in a neutral position. Measurements will be repeated three times for each extremity separately (5 seconds contraction, 30 seconds rest), and the average of these three values will be recorded in kilograms.
hange from Baseline Grip Strength at 8 weeks
Change of Upper Extremity Muscle Strength
大体时间:Change from Baseline Upper Extremity Muscle Strength at 8 weeks
A Bench Press 1RM test will be administered to evaluate the maximal upper extremity strength of participants. Before the test, participants will be informed about the exercise technique and will perform appropriate warm-up. Participants will lie supine on the bench, with their feet fixed on the ground, and will grip the bar slightly wider than shoulder width. After lowering the bar to chest level in a controlled manner, they will be asked to push it back up for one repetition. The highest weight the participant can lift with correct technique will be recorded in kilograms as the 1RM value. Sufficient rest time will be given between trials, and an observer/assistant researcher will be present during the test for safety purposes.
Change from Baseline Upper Extremity Muscle Strength at 8 weeks
Change of Upper Body Strength
大体时间:Change from Baseline Upper Body Strength at 8 weeks
The 30-second arm curl test will be used to assess upper extremity muscle strength. Participants will use a 3 kg dumbbell during the test. Participants will be instructed to sit in a straight-backed chair with their feet flat on the floor. The weight will be placed in the dominant hand with a neutral wrist position and an extended elbow. After a brief demonstration and practice, the participant will perform as many arm curls as possible within 30 seconds. The total number of completed movements will be considered for analysis.
Change from Baseline Upper Body Strength at 8 weeks
Change of The International Tennis Number
大体时间:Change from Baseline The International Tennis Number at 8 weeks
The International Tennis Number-ITN Test will be used to determine the participants' skill levels. The ITN Field Assessment is a tennis skill assessment method developed by the International Tennis Federation.
Change from Baseline The International Tennis Number at 8 weeks
Change of Level of Exertion
大体时间:Change from Baseline Perceived Exertion Level at 8 weeks
Borg Rated Exertion Scale In addition, the Borg Rated Exertion Scale (RPE) was used to determine the level of exertion perceived by athletes during exercise. The Borg Scale is a measurement tool that subjectively evaluates the intensity of exercise and is rated between 6 and 20, and it has been reported to show significant relationships between perceived exertion and physiological load indicators (heart rate, respiratory rate, and muscle fatigue).
Change from Baseline Perceived Exertion Level at 8 weeks
Change of Satisfaction and Change Level
大体时间:Change from Baseline Satisfaction and Change Level at 8 weeks
The Global Change Scale will be used to assess the overall level of change perceived by participants after the exercise program. This scale allows individuals to compare their current state with their pre-intervention state and indicate whether they have seen improvement, deterioration, or no change. The scale will be scored between -7 and +7, where -7 means "significant deterioration," 0 means "no change," and +7 means "significant improvement." Participants will be asked to rate the changes they feel in their overall performance, grip strength, and physical condition at the end of the 8-week exercise program using this scale.
Change from Baseline Satisfaction and Change Level at 8 weeks

次要结果测量

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
Height in Meters
大体时间:Initial assessment before the exercise program.
The height of all subjects in meters (m) will be noted before the exercise program.
Initial assessment before the exercise program.
Weight in Kilograms
大体时间:Initial assessment before the exercise program.
The weight of all subjects in kilograms (kg) will be noted before the exercise program.
Initial assessment before the exercise program.
Body Mass Index (BMI) in kg/m^2
大体时间:Initial assessment before exercise program.
Body Mass Index (BMI) will be calculated with the formula weight (kg)/height (m)^2.
Initial assessment before exercise program.

合作者和调查者

在这里您可以找到参与这项研究的人员和组织。

调查人员

  • 首席研究员:Neriman Temel Aksu、Akdeniz University

研究记录日期

这些日期跟踪向 ClinicalTrials.gov 提交研究记录和摘要结果的进度。研究记录和报告的结果由国家医学图书馆 (NLM) 审查,以确保它们在发布到公共网站之前符合特定的质量控制标准。

研究主要日期

学习开始 (估计的)

2026年8月1日

初级完成 (估计的)

2027年2月1日

研究完成 (估计的)

2027年4月30日

研究注册日期

首次提交

2026年6月24日

首先提交符合 QC 标准的

2026年6月24日

首次发布 (实际的)

2026年6月30日

研究记录更新

最后更新发布 (实际的)

2026年6月30日

上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新

2026年6月24日

最后验证

2026年6月1日

更多信息

与本研究相关的术语

计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)

计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)?

未定

药物和器械信息、研究文件

研究美国 FDA 监管的药品

不

研究美国 FDA 监管的设备产品

不

此信息直接从 clinicaltrials.gov 网站检索,没有任何更改。如果您有任何更改、删除或更新研究详细信息的请求,请联系 register@clinicaltrials.gov. clinicaltrials.gov 上实施更改,我们的网站上也会自动更新.

订阅