Effects of Ecologically Valid VR Task-Oriented Exercises on Post-Stroke Motor and Cognitive Function (RECOVER)
Effectiveness of Virtual Reality-based Task-oriented Exercises in Ecologically Valid Environments on Motor and Cognitive Function in Individuals Post-stroke. A Randomized Controlled Trial
Why is this study being done?
After a stroke, many people have problems with movement, such as walking, balance, and using their arms and hands. They may also experience difficulties with thinking skills, including attention, memory, and problem-solving. These movement and thinking abilities work closely together during everyday activities, such as preparing a meal, shopping, or moving safely through the home.
Traditional rehabilitation often treats movement and thinking problems separately. However, difficulties with attention, planning, and decision-making can affect a person's ability to move safely and learn new motor skills. Because of this, rehabilitation approaches that train both movement and thinking skills at the same time may provide greater benefits.
Virtual reality (VR) technology can create realistic, interactive environments that allow people to practice everyday activities in a safe setting. However, there is limited research on VR programs that simultaneously challenge both movement and thinking skills, and little is known about whether any benefits last over time.
What is the purpose of this study?
The purpose of this study is to compare a virtual reality-based rehabilitation program that combines movement and cognitive training in realistic everyday environments with conventional occupational therapy. The study will evaluate whether the VR program leads to greater improvements in motor function and cognitive function after stroke and whether these improvements are maintained over the long term.
研究概览
地位
条件
详细说明
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
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Valencia、西班牙
- IRENEA. Instituto de Rehabilitación Neurológica
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
- 成人
- 年长者
接受健康志愿者
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- Diagnosis of stroke confirmed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging
- Chronicity > six months
- Ausence of severe cognitive deficits (Mini-Mental State Examination > 23)
- Ability to stand safely and without assistance
- No or minimal muscle tone (Modified Ashworth Scale < 3).
Exclusion Criteria:
- Severe visual or hearing deficits
- Unilateral spatial neglect
- Ataxia
- Orthopedic abnormalities
- Lower limb pain syndrome or peripheral nerve injury affecting the lower limbs.
学习计划
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
- 主要用途：治疗
- 分配：随机化
- 介入模型：并行分配
- 屏蔽：双倍的
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
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有源比较器：Control
Conventional occupational therapy
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Each session consists of three components.
The first component includes preparatory activities designed to improve function of the affected upper limb.
The second component focuses on fine motor skill training through exercises targeting reaching, grasping, object manipulation, and movements across the body's midline.
The third component addresses individual motor and cognitive impairments through the practice of Basic Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, as well as structured problem-solving tasks related to everyday situations.
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实验性的：Experimental
Combined virtual reality-based exercises and conventional occupational therapy
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Each session consists of three components.
The first component includes preparatory activities designed to improve function of the affected upper limb.
The second component focuses on fine motor skill training through exercises targeting reaching, grasping, object manipulation, and movements across the body's midline.
The third component addresses individual motor and cognitive impairments through the practice of Basic Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, as well as structured problem-solving tasks related to everyday situations.
The intervention consists of interactive video games to train activities of daily living in a customizable digital version of the participant's own kitchen. During training, participants control a sex-matched avatar that reflects their real-time movements. They interact with common kitchen objects while practicing tasks that target both motor abilities, such as balance, posture, and hand-eye coordination, and cognitive abilities, such as attention, memory, planning, and problem-solving. The system can use photographs of the participant's home kitchen to create a familiar and realistic virtual environment. This approach is intended to support the transfer of skills practiced during therapy to the participant's everyday activities at home. |
研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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Change in Berg Balance Scale
大体时间：From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Change in the balance of the Berg Balance Scale from baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to follow-up. The Berg Balance Scale is a clinical tool that assesses a person's static and dynamic balance to determine their risk of falling. It is primarily used for older adults and patients with neurological or motor disorders. Score range 0-54 |
From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Functional Reaches Test
大体时间：From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Change in the Functional Reaches Test from baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to follow-up. The Functional Reach Test measures a person's dynamic balance and stability limits while standing. It specifically assesses the maximum distance a patient can reach forward with an outstretched arm without taking a step or losing balance. Score range: NA |
From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Change in Four Square Step Test
大体时间：From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Change in the seconds of the Four Square Step Test from baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to follow-up.
The Four Square Step Test (FSST) is a performance-based assessment that evaluates dynamic balance, mobility, and the ability to change direction while walking.
During the test, participants step as quickly as possible in a specific sequence through four squares formed by low obstacles on the floor, moving forward, backward, and sideways.
The test measures the time required to complete the sequence and assesses balance control, coordination, agility, and the ability to safely negotiate obstacles during movement.
It is commonly used to identify mobility limitations and fall risk in individuals with neurological conditions, including stroke.
Score range: NA
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From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Change in the 10-meters walk Test
大体时间：From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Change in the 10-meters walk Test from baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to follow-up.
The 10-Meter Walk Test measures walking speed in meters per second (m/s).
It assesses functional mobility, independence, and frailty by recording the time it takes a patient to walk a short distance (typically the central 6- or 8-meter section of a 10- to 14-meter corridor).
Score range: NA
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From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Change in the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale
大体时间：From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Change in the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale from baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to follow-up.
The Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale is a questionnaire that assesses a person's confidence in maintaining balance and avoiding falls while performing 16 everyday activities.
Score range: 0-100.
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From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Change in the Conner's Continuous Performance Test III
大体时间：From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Change in the Conner's Continuous Performance Test III from baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to follow-up.
The Conners Continuous Performance Test is a computerized neuropsychological test that assesses sustained attention, vigilance, inhibitory control (impulsivity), and selective attention.
Score range: NA
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From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Changes in the Spatial Span Test
大体时间：From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Changes in the Spatial Span Test from baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to follow-up.
The Spatial Span Test measures visuospatial short-term memory and visual working memory capacity.
Score ranges: 0-9
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From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Changes in the Trail Making Test
大体时间：From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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Changes in the seconds of part A and part B for Trail Making Test from baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to follow-up.
The Trail Making Test is designed to assess attention, processing speed, cognitive flexibility, and executive functions.
It consists of two parts (A and B) in which the patient must connect numbered or lettered circles as quickly as posible.
Score Range: 0-300 s
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From baseline to the end of the intervention and from the end of the intervention to one-month after the intervention
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合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员：Roberto Llorens, PhD、Universitat Politecnica de Valencia
出版物和有用的链接
有用的网址
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (实际的)
初级完成 (实际的)
研究完成 (实际的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
其他研究编号
- P0524032022
- PID2022-141498OA-I00 (其他赠款/资助编号：Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación)
- RTC2019-006933-7 (其他赠款/资助编号：Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación)
- INREIA/2024/73 (其他赠款/资助编号：Conselleria d'Innovació, Indústria, Comerç i Turisme)
- CIDEXG/2022/15 (其他赠款/资助编号：Conselleria d'Innovació, Universitats, Ciència i Societat Digital of Generalitat Valenciana)
- 60/2023 (其他赠款/资助编号：Fundació la Marató de la TV3)
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