The Erlanger Stroke Registry (ESPro) is the Only Ongoing Prospective Population-based Stroke Registry in Germany, Started in 1994. ESPro Includes All Hospitalized and Non-hospitalized Patients With Stroke in the Community of Erlangen (120.000 Inhabitants), With a Long-life Follow-up. (ESPro)
The Erlangen Stroke Registry (ESPro)
Stroke is a disease that primarily affects older adults and, with an estimated 64,000 deaths in 2024, is one of the leading causes of death in Germany. Estimates of its prevalence and the burden of disease within the German population are therefore essential for calculating future healthcare needs and guide health policy planning. When the first stroke units (SU) began to emerge in Germany in 1994, health insurers raised the question of the total number of stroke patients requiring care. Unfortunately, at that time there were no reliable figures available to determine the nationwide need for stroke units. This marked the birth of the Erlangen Stroke Registry (ESPro).
For 32 years (1994-2026), ESPro has been continuously collecting data on the epidemiology, clinical course, and care of stroke and dementia, two of the most common diseases. The ESPro is designed as a regional, population-based registry that includes, as far as possible, all diagnosed strokes-that is, both hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients-regardless of age group or severity of the condition. Patients enrolled in the city of Erlangen undergo close monitoring of their clinical course and are followed up at intervals of 3 and 12 months, and then annually for the rest of their lives. This long-term follow-up enables comprehensive health services research on stroke, a widespread disease. Direct information on the course of the disease, its treatment, and care can be gleaned from registry data and incorporated into preventive medicine, treatment, and care planning.
研究概览
地位
研究类型
注册 (估计的)
联系人和位置
学习联系方式
- 姓名：Peter L. Kolominsky-Rabas, Univ.-Prof. Dr. med.
- 电话号码：+49 9131 85-35855
- 邮箱：peter.kolominsky-rabas@fau.de
学习地点
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Erlangen、德国、91054
- 招聘中
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
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Erlangen、德国、91054
- 招聘中
- Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien
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Erlangen、德国、91056
- 招聘中
- Klinikum am Europakanal
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
取样方法
研究人群
The Erlangen Stroke Project (ESPro) is a community-based survey of all cases of stroke occurring in a university town, located in Bavaria in Southeast Germany. Several overlapping sources of information were used to ensure complete case ascertainment: (1) hospital admission and discharge lists and computer-linked records systems; (2) regular checks of all relevant hospital wards and residential and nursing homes; (3) records of ambulance and emergency services; (4) GPs; and (5) death certificates.
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- All cases of stroke defined according to WHO criteria, as "rapidly developing clinical symptoms and/or signs of focal, and at times global, loss of cerebral function, with symptoms lasting more than 24 hours or leading to death, with no apparent cause other than that of vascular origin occurring in Erlangen, Bavaria
- No restrictions regarding age (provided they are of legal age), socioeconomic circumstance, stroke severity, or prior health status
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients with transient episodes lasting less than 24 hours and those with asymptomatic lesions detected by brain imaging ("silent infarcts")
学习计划
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
- 观测模型：COHORT
- 时间观点：PROSPECTIVE
队列和干预
团体/队列 |
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People with stroke
All individuals diagnosed with stroke (both hospitalized and non-hospitalized) |
研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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性别
大体时间：基线
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基线
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教育
大体时间：基线
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基线
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Postal code
大体时间：Baseline
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Baseline
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Name
大体时间：Baseline
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Baseline
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Address
大体时间：Baseline
|
Baseline
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Telephone number
大体时间：Baseline
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Baseline
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Nationality
大体时间：Baseline
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Baseline
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Employment status
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Marital status
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Number of children
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Name of the health insurance company
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Length of residence in the study area
大体时间：Baseline
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Baseline
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Telephone number of the General practitioner
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Name of the contact person
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Telephone number of the contact person
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Relationship between the patient and the contact person
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Date of birth
大体时间：Baseline
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as date |
Baseline
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Date of death
大体时间：After 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the event occurs. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years-up
|
as date |
After 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the event occurs. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years-up
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Living arrangements
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Which kind of living arrangement (own home environment, assisted living, nursing home) and who are the people, who live in this arrangement (alone, spouse, children, relatives, others) |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Assistance
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
yes/ no |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
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National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Total Score Range: 0-42 (15 items, each scored on 3-5 point ordinal grades, 0 = normal), higher values indicate greater stroke severity (0 = no stroke symptoms, 1-4 minor, 5-15 moderate, 16-20 moderate-to-severe, 21-42 severe) |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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(Modified) Rankin Scale
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Total Score Range: 0-6 (7-point ordinal disability scale), higher values indicate worse (higher) disability (0 = no symptoms, 1 = no significant disability, 2 = slight disability, 3 = moderate disability, 4 = moderately severe disability, 5 = severe disability, 6 = death) |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
Total Score Range: 0-30, higher values indicate better cognitive performance |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Medication
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Name of the drug |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Medication
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Quantity |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Medication
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Dose in milligrams per day |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Total Score Range: 0-33, higher values indicate a worse (greater) comorbid disease burden |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Hypertension
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
yes/ no |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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yes/ no |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
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Hypercholesterinemia
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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yes/ no |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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TOAST-Classification
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
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Categorical etiologic classification system; it sorts ischemic stroke into 5 mutually exclusive subtype categories: (1) large-artery atherosclerosis, (2) cardioembolism, (3) small-vessel occlusion (lacunar), (4) stroke of other determined etiology, and (5) stroke of undetermined etiology |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
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Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS)
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
Total Score Range: Raw sum score: 19-95 (19 items, each rated on the 5-point frequency scale: 1 = none of the time … 5 = all of the time), Transformed index (0-100 scale), higher values indicate better (greater) perceived/available social support |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
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Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36)
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
Physical health and mental health summary scores, Total Score Range: 0-100, norm-based scoring, higher values indicate a better physical/mental health status |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
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Barthel Index
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
Total Score Range: 0-100, higher values indicate better functional independence (less disability) |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
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Frenchay Activities Index (FAI)
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
Total Score Range: 15-60, higher values indicate better (greater) frequency/independence in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
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Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
大体时间：Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
Total Score Range: 18-126, Subscales: FIM-motor 13-91, FIM-cognitive 5-35, higher values indicate better (greater) functional independence (18 = total dependence, 126 = total independence) |
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
|
合作者和调查者
出版物和有用的链接
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (实际的)
初级完成 (估计的)
研究完成 (估计的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
其他相关的 MeSH 术语
其他研究编号
- 249_15 Bc
- DRKS00040516 (注册表标识符：German Clinical Trials Register)
- ZMV I 1-2520KEU305 (其他赠款/资助编号：German Federal Ministry of Health (BMG))
计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)
计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)？
IPD 计划说明
Information on the use of research data from the Erlangen Stroke Registry can be found on the website at the following link: https://www.izph.fau.de/projekte/erlanger-schlaganfallregister/#angebot-zur-nutzung-von-forschungsdaten-aus-dem-erlanger-schlaganfallregister
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