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The Erlanger Stroke Registry (ESPro) is the Only Ongoing Prospective Population-based Stroke Registry in Germany, Started in 1994. ESPro Includes All Hospitalized and Non-hospitalized Patients With Stroke in the Community of Erlangen (120.000 Inhabitants), With a Long-life Follow-up. (ESPro)

28 september 2026 bijgewerkt door: University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Medical School

The Erlangen Stroke Registry (ESPro)

Stroke is a disease that primarily affects older adults and, with an estimated 64,000 deaths in 2024, is one of the leading causes of death in Germany. Estimates of its prevalence and the burden of disease within the German population are therefore essential for calculating future healthcare needs and guide health policy planning. When the first stroke units (SU) began to emerge in Germany in 1994, health insurers raised the question of the total number of stroke patients requiring care. Unfortunately, at that time there were no reliable figures available to determine the nationwide need for stroke units. This marked the birth of the Erlangen Stroke Registry (ESPro).

For 32 years (1994-2026), ESPro has been continuously collecting data on the epidemiology, clinical course, and care of stroke and dementia, two of the most common diseases. The ESPro is designed as a regional, population-based registry that includes, as far as possible, all diagnosed strokes-that is, both hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients-regardless of age group or severity of the condition. Patients enrolled in the city of Erlangen undergo close monitoring of their clinical course and are followed up at intervals of 3 and 12 months, and then annually for the rest of their lives. This long-term follow-up enables comprehensive health services research on stroke, a widespread disease. Direct information on the course of the disease, its treatment, and care can be gleaned from registry data and incorporated into preventive medicine, treatment, and care planning.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Werving

Conditie

Studietype

Observationeel

Inschrijving (Geschat)

17000

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

Studie Locaties

  • Duitsland
      • Erlangen, Duitsland, 91054
        • Werving
        • Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
      • Erlangen, Duitsland, 91054
        • Werving
        • Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien
      • Erlangen, Duitsland, 91056
        • Werving
        • Klinikum am Europakanal

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

18 jaar en ouder (Volwassen, Oudere volwassene)

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie

Allemaal

Bemonsteringsmethode

Niet-waarschijnlijkheidssteekproef

Studie Bevolking

The Erlangen Stroke Project (ESPro) is a community-based survey of all cases of stroke occurring in a university town, located in Bavaria in Southeast Germany. Several overlapping sources of information were used to ensure complete case ascertainment: (1) hospital admission and discharge lists and computer-linked records systems; (2) regular checks of all relevant hospital wards and residential and nursing homes; (3) records of ambulance and emergency services; (4) GPs; and (5) death certificates.

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • All cases of stroke defined according to WHO criteria, as "rapidly developing clinical symptoms and/or signs of focal, and at times global, loss of cerebral function, with symptoms lasting more than 24 hours or leading to death, with no apparent cause other than that of vascular origin occurring in Erlangen, Bavaria
  • No restrictions regarding age (provided they are of legal age), socioeconomic circumstance, stroke severity, or prior health status

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with transient episodes lasting less than 24 hours and those with asymptomatic lesions detected by brain imaging ("silent infarcts")

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Observatiemodellen: COHORT
  • Tijdsperspectieven: PROSPECTIVE

Cohorten en interventies

Groep / Cohort
People with stroke

All individuals diagnosed with stroke (both hospitalized and non-hospitalized)

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Geslacht
Tijdsspanne: Basislijn
Basislijn
Onderwijs
Tijdsspanne: Basislijn
Basislijn
Postal code
Tijdsspanne: Baseline
Baseline
Name
Tijdsspanne: Baseline
Baseline
Address
Tijdsspanne: Baseline
Baseline
Telephone number
Tijdsspanne: Baseline
Baseline
Nationality
Tijdsspanne: Baseline
Baseline
Employment status
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Marital status
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Number of children
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Name of the health insurance company
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Length of residence in the study area
Tijdsspanne: Baseline
Baseline
Telephone number of the General practitioner
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Name of the contact person
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Telephone number of the contact person
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Relationship between the patient and the contact person
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Date of birth
Tijdsspanne: Baseline

as date
Baseline
Date of death
Tijdsspanne: After 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the event occurs. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years-up

as date
After 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the event occurs. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years-up
Living arrangements
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Which kind of living arrangement (own home environment, assisted living, nursing home) and who are the people, who live in this arrangement (alone, spouse, children, relatives, others)
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Assistance
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

yes/ no
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Total Score Range: 0-42 (15 items, each scored on 3-5 point ordinal grades, 0 = normal), higher values indicate greater stroke severity (0 = no stroke symptoms, 1-4 minor, 5-15 moderate, 16-20 moderate-to-severe, 21-42 severe)
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
(Modified) Rankin Scale
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Total Score Range: 0-6 (7-point ordinal disability scale), higher values indicate worse (higher) disability (0 = no symptoms, 1 = no significant disability, 2 = slight disability, 3 = moderate disability, 4 = moderately severe disability, 5 = severe disability, 6 = death)
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Total Score Range: 0-30, higher values indicate better cognitive performance
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Medication
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Name of the drug
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Medication
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Quantity
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Medication
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Dose in milligrams per day
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Total Score Range: 0-33, higher values indicate a worse (greater) comorbid disease burden
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Hypertension
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

yes/ no
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Diabetes mellitus
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

yes/ no
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Hypercholesterinemia
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

yes/ no
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
TOAST-Classification
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Categorical etiologic classification system; it sorts ischemic stroke into 5 mutually exclusive subtype categories: (1) large-artery atherosclerosis, (2) cardioembolism, (3) small-vessel occlusion (lacunar), (4) stroke of other determined etiology, and (5) stroke of undetermined etiology
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Total Score Range: Raw sum score: 19-95 (19 items, each rated on the 5-point frequency scale: 1 = none of the time … 5 = all of the time), Transformed index (0-100 scale), higher values indicate better (greater) perceived/available social support
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Physical health and mental health summary scores, Total Score Range: 0-100, norm-based scoring, higher values indicate a better physical/mental health status
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Barthel Index
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Total Score Range: 0-100, higher values indicate better functional independence (less disability)
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Frenchay Activities Index (FAI)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Total Score Range: 15-60, higher values indicate better (greater) frequency/independence in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL)
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years
Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Total Score Range: 18-126, Subscales: FIM-motor 13-91, FIM-cognitive 5-35, higher values indicate better (greater) functional independence (18 = total dependence, 126 = total independence)
Baseline, after 3 months, after 12 months, then annually until the end of the study. Currently there is a follow-up of 32 years

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Medical School

Publicaties en nuttige links

De persoon die verantwoordelijk is voor het invoeren van informatie over het onderzoek stelt deze publicaties vrijwillig ter beschikking. Dit kan gaan over alles wat met het onderzoek te maken heeft.

Nuttige links

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

1 april 1994

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

30 maart 2094

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

30 maart 2094

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

8 juli 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

13 augustus 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

18 augustus 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

2 oktober 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

28 september 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 juni 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • 249_15 Bc
  • DRKS00040516 (Register-ID: German Clinical Trials Register)
  • ZMV I 1-2520KEU305 (Ander subsidie-/financieringsnummer: German Federal Ministry of Health (BMG))

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

JA

Beschrijving IPD-plan

Information on the use of research data from the Erlangen Stroke Registry can be found on the website at the following link: https://www.izph.fau.de/projekte/erlanger-schlaganfallregister/#angebot-zur-nutzung-von-forschungsdaten-aus-dem-erlanger-schlaganfallregister

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

Deze informatie is zonder wijzigingen rechtstreeks van de website clinicaltrials.gov gehaald. Als u verzoeken heeft om uw onderzoeksgegevens te wijzigen, te verwijderen of bij te werken, neem dan contact op met register@clinicaltrials.gov. Zodra er een wijziging wordt doorgevoerd op clinicaltrials.gov, wordt deze ook automatisch bijgewerkt op onze website .

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