Video Modeling on Shot-Put Acquisition
Video Modeling Variants and Temporal Scheduling Effects on Shot-Put Acquisition
Video modeling is widely used in motor skill instruction, yet its optimal modality and timing within a session remain unclear, particularly for complex athletic tasks. This study compared three video feedback modalities, including video self-modeling, video expert-modeling, and peer-to-peer learning video, administered at three session phases (warm-up, during the learning session, and after the learning session) on shot-put learning outcomes in novice university students. Sport science students aged 19-25 years were assigned to nine experimental groups and one control group in a 3 × 3 between-subjects factorial randomized controlled trial over nine weeks. Physical performance, technical score, selective attention, and episodic memory were assessed at three time points: the predictive session test (week 1), formative session test (week 5), and summative session test (week 9).
研究概览
地位
详细说明
Video modeling is widely used in motor skill instruction, yet the optimal video modality and timing within a training session remain unclear, particularly for complex athletic skills. This study compared three video-based learning modalities, including video self-modeling, video expert-modeling, and peer-to-peer learning video, administered at three different phases of a training session (during the warm-up, during the learning session, or after the learning session) on shot-put learning outcomes in novice university students. A total of 176 university students (122 males and 54 females) participated in the study. Participants were allocated to 10 groups, consisting of one control group and nine experimental groups, with group sizes ranging from 16 to 20 participants. The groups were based on existing administrative classes. The 10 groups were: (1) control group (n = 20); (2) peer-to-peer learning video during warm-up (n = 19); (3) video expert-modeling during warm-up (n = 17); (4) video self-modeling during warm-up (n = 17); (5) peer-to-peer learning video during the learning session (n = 16); (6) video expert-modeling during the learning session (n = 17); (7) video self-modeling during the learning session (n = 17); (8) peer-to-peer learning video after the learning session (n = 19); (9) video expert-modeling after the learning session (n = 17); and (10) video self-modeling after the learning session (n = 17). Shot-put learning outcomes were assessed using physical performance (throwing distance), technical performance score, release velocity, selective attention, and episodic memory. Assessments were conducted at three time points: the predictive session test at week 1, the formative session test at week 5, and the summative session test at week 9.
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
-
-
Boulifa
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El Kef、Boulifa、突尼斯、7100
- Nejmeddine Ouerghi
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- Aged 19-25 years.
- Enrolled as a sport science student.
- No prior competitive experience in shot put.
- Regularly engaged in sports practice for approximately 6 hours per week.
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of musculoskeletal injury affecting upper-limb or trunk function
- Sustaining a neuromuscular or sensorimotor injury during the experimental protocol
- Absence from more than two learning sessions.
学习计划
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
- 主要用途：其他
- 分配：随机化
- 介入模型：并行分配
- 屏蔽：无（打开标签）
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
|---|---|
|
实验性的：Peer-to-peer learning video group during warm-up
Student pairs analyzed their own recorded videos during the warm-up in each learning session over 9 weeks. |
Student pairs analyzed their own recorded videos for 5 minutes at a time that differed according to the condition: during the warm-up phase in each learning session (post-warm-up transition interval), during the learning session (the final shot-put simulation exercise), or after the learning session (the cool-down phase). |
|
实验性的：Video expert modeling group during warm-up
Each student viewed an expert-modeling video for 5 minutes during the warm-up phase in each learning session over 9 weeks. |
Students watched a video demonstration of the shot put by an expert during 5-min, at a time that differed according to the condition: during warm-up phase (post-warm-up transition interval), during the session (the final shot-put simulation exercise), or after the learning session (the cool-down phase). |
|
实验性的：Video self-modeling group during warm-up
Each student viewed their own video for 5 minutes during the warm-up phase in each learning session over 9 weeks. |
Student pairs analyzed their own recorded videos for 5 minutes at a time that differed according to the condition: during the warm-up phase in each learning session (post-warm-up transition interval), during the learning session (the final shot-put simulation exercise), or after the learning session (the cool-down phase). |
|
实验性的：Peer-to-peer learning video group during learning
Student pairs analyzed their own recorded videos during the learning phase in each session over 9 weeks. |
Student pairs analyzed their own recorded videos for 5 minutes at a time that differed according to the condition: during the warm-up phase in each learning session (post-warm-up transition interval), during the learning session (the final shot-put simulation exercise), or after the learning session (the cool-down phase). |
|
实验性的：Video expert modeling group during learning
Each student viewed an expert-modeling video for 5 minutes during the learning phase in each session over 9 weeks. |
Students watched a video demonstration of the shot put by an expert during 5-min, at a time that differed according to the condition: during warm-up phase (post-warm-up transition interval), during the session (the final shot-put simulation exercise), or after the learning session (the cool-down phase). |
|
实验性的：Video self-modeling group during learning
Each student viewed their own video for 5 minutes during the learning phase in each session over 9 weeks. |
Student pairs analyzed their own recorded videos for 5 minutes at a time that differed according to the condition: during the warm-up phase in each learning session (post-warm-up transition interval), during the learning session (the final shot-put simulation exercise), or after the learning session (the cool-down phase). |
|
实验性的：Peer-to-peer learning video group after learning
Student pairs analyzed their own recorded videos after the learning phase in each session over 9 weeks. |
Student pairs analyzed their own recorded videos for 5 minutes at a time that differed according to the condition: during the warm-up phase in each learning session (post-warm-up transition interval), during the learning session (the final shot-put simulation exercise), or after the learning session (the cool-down phase). |
|
实验性的：Video expert modeling group after learning
Each student viewed an expert-modeling video for 5 minutes after the learning phase in each session over 9 weeks. |
Students watched a video demonstration of the shot put by an expert during 5-min, at a time that differed according to the condition: during warm-up phase (post-warm-up transition interval), during the session (the final shot-put simulation exercise), or after the learning session (the cool-down phase). |
|
实验性的：Video self-modeling group after learning
Each student viewed their own video for 5 minutes after the learning phase in each session over 9 weeks. |
Student pairs analyzed their own recorded videos for 5 minutes at a time that differed according to the condition: during the warm-up phase in each learning session (post-warm-up transition interval), during the learning session (the final shot-put simulation exercise), or after the learning session (the cool-down phase). |
|
有源比较器：Control group
Participants in the control group maintained their normal learning activities in physical education. |
The same shot-put learning program was implemented without the use of video-based learning. |
研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
|
Shot-put throwing distance (m)
大体时间：Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
The distance of the shot-put throw, measured in meters. The best performance across three trials at each assessment was used for analysis |
Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
|
Shot-put technical execution score
大体时间：Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
Technical execution was assessed by two independent raters using a standardized evaluation grid covering five phases of the throw: preparation, push, inclination, extension, and follow-through. Each phase was rated on a three-point scale (1 = not achieved, 2 = partially achieved, 3 = fully achieved), yielding a total score ranging from 5 to 15 points. The mean score across the three trials at each assessment was used for analysis |
Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
|
Shot-put release velocity (m/s)
大体时间：Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
Shot release velocity, expressed in m/s, was determined from video recordings using Kinovea motion analysis software |
Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
|
Go/No-Go response time (ms)
大体时间：Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
Response time during Go trials was recorded in milliseconds using the Go/No-Go task administered through the CogniFit online cognitive assessment platform. |
Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
|
Go/No-Go inhibitory control accuracy (%)
大体时间：Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
Inhibitory control was assessed using the Go/No-Go task. Accuracy during No-Go trials was recorded as the percentage of correct responses using the CogniFit online cognitive assessment platform. |
Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
|
d2 attention test performance
大体时间：Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
The d2 attention test was used to assess selective attention by requiring participants to identify target stimuli among distracting stimuli within a limited time. The percentage of correct responses and the total time required to complete the task, measured in milliseconds, were recorded at each assessment. |
Week 1, Week 5, and Week 9
|
合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员：Nejmeddine Ouerghi、Research Unit "Sport Sciences, Health and Movement"(UR22JS01) High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, 7100 Kef, Tunisia.
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (实际的)
初级完成 (实际的)
研究完成 (实际的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
其他研究编号
- NJ_MB_Video_Modeling
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