Comprehensive Police Fatigue Management Program

Testing the Effectiveness of a Comprehensive Fatigue Management for the Police

Police officers work some of the most demanding schedules known, which increases their risk of sleep deprivation and sleep disorders. The need to work frequent overnight shifts and long work weeks leads to acute and chronic partial sleep deprivation as well as misalignment of circadian phase. The public expects officers to perform flawlessly, but sleep deprivation and unrecognized sleep disorders significantly degrade cognition, alertness, reaction time and performance. In addition, both acute and chronic sleep deprivation adversely affect personal health, increasing the risk of gastrointestinal and heart disease, impairing glucose metabolism, and substantially increasing the risk of injury due to motor vehicle crashes.

We propose to conduct a randomized, prospective study of the effect on the safety, health, and performance of a police department of a Comprehensive Police Fatigue Management Program (CPFMP) consisting of the following interventions:

1. identification and treatment of police with sleep disorders;
2. caffeine re-education; and
3. initiation of a sleep, health and safety educational program.

These interventions were chosen because we believe them most likely to lead to measurable improvements on work hours, health, safety, and job performance, and because they are cost effective. The success of the CPFMP will be assessed through an experimental comparison with a standard treatment group that will receive sleep education in the absence of any accompanying interventions. The overall goal of our team will be sleep health detection and treatment program that can be disseminated to practitioners, policymakers and researchers nationwide to reduce police officer fatigue and stress; enhance the ability of officers to cope with shift schedules; improve the health, safety and performance of law enforcement officers; and thereby improve public safety.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Restless Legs Syndrome; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Sleep Disorders; Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Sleep Hygiene Education; Other: Expert-Led Sleep Disorders Screening and Treatment; Other: Online Sleep Disorders Screening

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 683
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Massachusetts
    • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02115
      • Brigham and Women's Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Active Sworn Police Officers

Exclusion Criteria:

• None

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Factorial Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Other: Sleep Hygiene Education	Behavioral: Sleep Hygiene Education; An education program, consisting of materials from experts in the field of fatigue management, will be provided to all police officers in the intervention group. Videotapes, slides, handouts and other educational material will be compiled to create a variety of information sources for police officers. Examples of materials to be incorporated into this training program would be the Operation Healthy Sleep Training Video, powerpoint created by the Harvard Work Hours, Health and Safety Group and pamphlets provided by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
Other: Expert-Led Sleep Disorders Screening and Treatment	Other: Expert-Led Sleep Disorders Screening and Treatment; Expert-led sleep disorder screening and treatment will consist of visiting police stations and presenting an information session about Operation Healthy Sleep. The session will take place during work time. During the session, we will invite officers to take the Operation Healthy Sleep survey. All subjects that answer the survey indicating that they are at high risk on the Berlin Questionnaire will be contacted to arrange an initial appointment at our OSA research clinic. If they don't meet the criteria they will be disempanelled.; Positive on the Berlin Questionnaire; Clinic visit, exam with a physician, given a home diagnostic device (HDD); High risk on HDD, seen by physician, given a CPAP machine; Follow up visit after 2-3 weeks, CPAP data downloaded and reviewed; Contacted by a sleep health clinic at 3, 6, 12 months; After 12 months subject will be referred to their primary care physician
Other: Online Sleep Disorders Screening	Other: Online Sleep Disorders Screening; Online sleep disorder screening will be available to all police officers nation-wide through the Operation Healthy Sleep survey. All subjects that answer the survey questions indicating that they are at high risk of a sleep disorder will be notified either online following the completion of the survey or by email or a letter. Treatment and follow up will not be conducted for individuals who screen positive on the online version of the Operation Healthy Sleep survey.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Motor vehicle accidents as a function of miles traveled	05/2005 - 07/2009
Number of on-the-job injuries	05/2005 - 07/2009
Number of citations issued	05/2005 - 07/2009
Number of arrests made	05/2005 - 07/2009
Number of warnings issued	05/2005 - 07/2009
Number of officer-initiated vehicle assists	05/2005 - 07/2009
Number of sick leave days	05/2005 - 07/2009
Sleep duration	05/2005 - 07/2009
Sleep quality	05/2005 - 07/2009
Alertness	05/2005 - 07/2009
Performance	05/2005 - 07/2009

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Job satisfaction	05/2005 - 07/2009
Burnout	05/2005 - 07/2009
Works hours	05/2005 - 07/2009

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Brigham and Women's Hospital
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Charles A. Czeisler, Ph.D., M.D., Brigham and Women's Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: November 1, 2005
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2009
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2010

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 13, 2005
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 27, 2005
• First Posted (Estimate): October 30, 2005

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): August 15, 2013
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 13, 2013
• Last Verified: August 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Fatigue; Sleep; Performance; Police; Sleep disorder; Work Hours
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Pathologic Processes; Nervous System Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Apnea; Respiration Disorders; Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic; Dyssomnias; Neurologic Manifestations; Occupational Diseases; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Chronobiology Disorders; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Fatigue; Disease; Sleep Wake Disorders; Restless Legs Syndrome; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Parasomnias; Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm
• Other Study ID Numbers: SL00067