- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT01152359
Considering Patient Diet Preferences to Optimize Weight Loss (DietChoice)
Considering Patient Diet Preference to Optimize Weight Loss
Study Overview
Detailed Description
The prevalence of obesity (body mass index [BMI] 30 kg/m2) in US adults has skyrocketed over the past 30 years, and is currently as high or higher in veterans as it is in non-veterans. Thus, identifying effective strategies for treating obesity is both a public health and a VA priority. A variety of diet approaches have proven successful in achieving moderate weight loss in many individuals. Yet, most diet interventions fail to achieve meaningful weight loss in more than a few individuals. This failure likely results from inadequate adherence to the diet.
It is widely felt, but not empirically shown, that targeting the diet to an individual's food preferences will enhance adherence, thereby improving weight loss outcomes. This study will test the commonly proposed assumption that helping patients choose a diet based on their dietary preferences will increase weight loss success relative to assigning or recommending one diet.
The proposed study is a 2-arm randomized controlled trial involving 216 outpatients from Durham VA Medical Center. Participants must be obese (BMI 30 kg/m) VAMC outpatients without unstable health issues. Participants in the experimental arm (Choice) will select from two of the most widely studied diets for weight loss, either a low-carbohydrate, calorie-unrestricted diet (LCD) or a low-fat, reduced-calorie diet (LFD). This choice will be informed by results from a validated food preference questionnaire and a discussion of available diet options with trained personnel. As may occur in the clinical setting, the Choice participants will also have the opportunity to switch to the other diet after 3 months if unsuccessful or dissatisfied with their primary selection. The Choice intervention is designed to enhance the three psychological needs of a person according to self-determination theory (SDT): competence, relatedness, and, in particular, autonomy. This should maximize intrinsic motivation, thereby improving adherence to diet recommendations and increasing weight loss. Participants in the Control arm will be randomly assigned to follow one of the two diets for the duration of follow-up.
All participants will receive diet-appropriate counseling in small group meetings every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, then monthly for another 24 weeks. All participants will also receive brief telephone counseling involving individual goal setting and problem solving halfway through each month in the latter 24 weeks. The primary outcome is weight change from baseline to 48 weeks. Secondary outcomes include adherence to diet by food frequency questionnaire and obesity-specific health-related quality of life. Exploratory analyses will examine whether the impact of choice versus lack of choice on weight loss is moderated by individual differences in the SDT constructs of autonomy orientation, competence, and relatedness.
If assisting patients to choose their diet enhances adherence and increases weight loss, the results will support the provision of diet options to veterans and non-veterans alike, and bring us one step closer to remediating the obesity epidemic faced by the VA and other healthcare systems.
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
-
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North Carolina
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Durham, North Carolina, United States, 27705
- Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Body mass index 30 or greater
- Stable health
- Desire to lose weight
- Agrees to attend regular visits
- Access to telephone and reliable transportation
- Has a Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) provider
Exclusion Criteria:
- Certain chronic or unstable disease (kidney or liver disease, type 1 diabetes, hemoglobin A1c 12% or more, insulin use, unstable heart disease, transplant recipient, blood pressure 160/100 or greater, fasting blood triglycerides 600 or greater, LDL cholesterol 190 or greater)
- Pregnancy, breastfeeding, lack of birth control
- Active dementia, psychiatric illness, or substance abuse (past year)
- Weight loss therapy in previous month
- Pacemaker or defibrillator
- Enrolled in another study that might affect measurements
- Previously in study of low-carbohydrate or low-fat diet for weight loss
- Unable to complete all study measures
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Arm 1
Participants are allowed to choose between a low-carbohydrate or a low-fat diet for weight loss after receiving information about these diets and their food preferences (Choice arm).
Then they receive counseling on their chosen diet in a small group format.
The low-carbohydrate diet limits carbohydrate intake to 20-40 grams/day initially.
The low-fat diet restricts saturated fat to below 30% of daily calories and has a 500-1000 calorie deficit.
Group sessions are every 2 weeks for 24 weeks then alternate with telephone calls every 2 weeks for 24 weeks.
Phone calls focus on goal setting to maximize weight loss.
Participants also receive counseling on behavioral techniques and physical activity.
Participants in this arm have the option to switch diets at 12 weeks.
|
Participants are allowed to choose between a low-carbohydrate or a low-fat diet for weight loss after receiving information about these diets and their food preferences (Choice arm).
Then they receive counseling on their chosen diet in a small group format.
The low-carbohydrate diet limits carbohydrate intake to 20-40 grams/day initially.
The low-fat diet restricts saturated fat to below 30% of daily calories and has a 500-1000 calorie deficit.
Group sessions are every 2 weeks for 24 weeks then alternate with telephone calls every 2 weeks for 24 weeks.
Phone calls focus on goal setting to maximize weight loss.
Participants also receive counseling on behavioral techniques and physical activity.
Participants in this arm have the option to switch diets at 12 weeks.
|
Active Comparator: Arm 2
Participants are randomly assigned to (rather than getting to choose, as in the experimental arm) a low-carbohydrate or a low-fat diet for weight loss (Control arm).
Then they receive counseling on their chosen diet in a small group format.
The low-carbohydrate diet limits carbohydrate intake to 20-40 grams/day initially.
The low-fat diet restricts saturated fat to below 30% of daily calories and has a 500-1000 calorie deficit.
Group sessions are every 2 weeks for 24 weeks then alternate with telephone calls every 2 weeks for 24 weeks.
Phone calls focus on goal setting to maximize weight loss.
Participants also receive counseling on behavioral techniques and physical activity.
Participants in this arm do not have the option to switch diets at 12 weeks.
|
Participants are randomly assigned to (rather than getting to choose, as in the experimental arm) a low-carbohydrate or a low-fat diet for weight loss (Control arm).
Then they receive counseling on their chosen diet in a small group format.
The low-carbohydrate diet limits carbohydrate intake to 20-40 grams/day initially.
The low-fat diet restricts saturated fat to below 30% of daily calories and has a 500-1000 calorie deficit.
Group sessions are every 2 weeks for 24 weeks then alternate with telephone calls every 2 weeks for 24 weeks.
Phone calls focus on goal setting to maximize weight loss.
Participants also receive counseling on behavioral techniques and physical activity.
Participants in this arm do not have the option to switch diets at 12 weeks.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Time Frame |
---|---|
Percent Change in Body Weight From Baseline to 48 Weeks
Time Frame: Baseline, 48 weeks
|
Baseline, 48 weeks
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Diet Adherence as Measured by Block Food-frequency Questionnaire (Absolute Percentage Deviation From the Goal Macronutrient Intake--<30% Fat for Low-fat Diet or <10% Carbohydrate for Low-carbohydrate Diet)
Time Frame: 48 weeks
|
48 weeks
|
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Change in Obesity-specific Health-related Quality of Life as Measured by Impact Of Weight On Quality Of Life-Lite (IWQOL-Lite) Questionnaire From Baseline to 48 Weeks
Time Frame: Baseline, 48 weeks
|
change in obesity-specific health-related quality of life as measured by Impact Of Weight On Quality Of Life-Lite (IWQOL-Lite) Questionnaire total score from baseline to 48 weeks Minimum 0 Maximum 100 Higher score means better
|
Baseline, 48 weeks
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: William S. Yancy, MD MHS, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- McVay MA, Yancy WS Jr, Vijan S, Van Scoyoc L, Neelon B, Voils CI, Maciejewski ML. Obesity-related health status changes and weight-loss treatment utilization. Am J Prev Med. 2014 May;46(5):465-72. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.11.018.
- Yancy WS. Peer Support Significantly Improves Compliance in Veterans with Diabetes. U. S. Medicine. 2012 Nov 20.
- Yancy WS Jr, McVay MA, Brinkworth GD. Adherence to diets for weight loss. JAMA. 2013 Dec 25;310(24):2676. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.282639. No abstract available.
- McVay MA, Jeffreys AS, King HA, Olsen MK, Voils CI, Yancy WS Jr. The relationship between pretreatment dietary composition and weight loss during a randomised trial of different diet approaches. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2015 Feb;28 Suppl 2:16-23. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12188. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
- McVay MA, Voils CI, Coffman CJ, Geiselman PJ, Kolotkin RL, Mayer SB, Smith VA, Gaillard L, Turner MJ, Yancy WS Jr. Factors associated with choice of a low-fat or low-carbohydrate diet during a behavioral weight loss intervention. Appetite. 2014 Dec;83:117-124. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.08.023. Epub 2014 Aug 19.
- Yancy WS Jr, Coffman CJ, Geiselman PJ, Kolotkin RL, Almirall D, Oddone EZ, Mayer SB, Gaillard LA, Turner M, Smith VA, Voils CI. Considering patient diet preference to optimize weight loss: design considerations of a randomized trial investigating the impact of choice. Contemp Clin Trials. 2013 May;35(1):106-16. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2013.03.002. Epub 2013 Mar 16.
- Yancy WS Jr, Mayer SB, Coffman CJ, Smith VA, Kolotkin RL, Geiselman PJ, McVay MA, Oddone EZ, Voils CI. Effect of Allowing Choice of Diet on Weight Loss: A Randomized Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Jun 16;162(12):805-14. doi: 10.7326/M14-2358.
- Yancy WS Jr, McVay MA, Voils CI. Effect of allowing choice of diet on weight loss--in response. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Nov 17;163(10):805-6. doi: 10.7326/L15-5159. No abstract available.
- McVay MA, Voils CI, Geiselman PJ, Smith VA, Coffman CJ, Mayer S, Yancy WS Jr. Food preferences and weight change during low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets. Appetite. 2016 Aug 1;103:336-343. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.04.035. Epub 2016 Apr 29.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Estimate)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- IIR 09-381
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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