Comprehensive Pain Programme to Determine Mechanism of Transition of Acute to Chronic Postsurgical Pain (TAHP)

Comprehensive Pain Programme to Determine Mechanism of Transition of Acute to Chronic Postsurgical Pain- Functional Brain Imaging, Quantitative Sensory Testing, Psychological and Genetic Screening: Prospective Cohort Study

To determine whether central sensitization is a mechanism of CPSP (chronic postsurgical pain) in women who will develop CPSP compared to women with no CPSP after hysterectomy. This mechanism is illustrated by a higher pain score in experimental pain models such as tonic heat stimulation, increased evoked mechanical temporal summation and increased wound hyperalgesia.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Chronic Pain; Anaesthesia; Genetics Predisposition
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: pain testing

Detailed Description

Chronic pain affects 9% of Singapore population resulting in major socioeconomic burden. Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) that persists for over 3 months could be related to nerve injury making this a strategic model to study the transition of acute to chronic pain. CPSP occurs in up to 50% after surgery and up to 32% after hysterectomy. Over 600000 hysterectomies were performed in the US in 2003 making CPSP a significant problem.

Investigators will perform this prospective cohort study to determine whether increased central sensitization and negative psychological experience are involved in the transition of acute to chronic pain after hysterectomy. Investigators will recruit 444 women undergoing hysterectomy and employ validated physical pain testing including tonic heat stimulation, mechanical temporal summation and wound hyperalgesia which had been shown to be related to central sensitization. Pain catastrophizing (negative thoughts of pain) and state trait anxiety scoring will be assessed for the impact of negative cognitive-affective experience on CPSP. A phone survey will be performed at 4 months to determine the primary outcome of CPSP. Arterial spin labeling will be used to delineate cerebral blood flow using arterial spin labeling, functional connectivity and structural connectivity to evaluate insula-anterior cingulate cortex differences in 30 women with CPSP compared to 30 women without CPSP.

In addition to evaluating whether central sensitization, negative psychological experience and activation of brain regions are different in women with CPSP after hysterectomy, the results of this study will elucidate potential mechanisms of CPSP development that will guide in future studies on potential novel therapeutic targets.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 216
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Singapore
  • Singapore, Singapore, 229899
    • KK Women's and Children's Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 21 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Anthropometric profile within the following range: age 21-70 yr, American Society of Anesthesiology status I and II women
• Benign condition such as fibroids or adenomyosis
• Abdominal or laparoscopic hysterectomy

Exclusion Criteria:

• Vaginal hysterectomy
• being pelvic pain
• Failure to adequately determine tonic heat stimulation and mechanical temporal summation
• History of drug dependence or recreational drug use
• Allergy to any study drugs

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Other: Cohort; pain testing. All 444 subjects enrolled in the study. Subjects will receive preoperative physical (tonic heat stimulation, mechanical temporal summation and wound hyperalgesia), psychological (State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Pain Catastrophizing Scale), and genetics test; postoperative pain score assessment at 24, 48 hours; postoperative wound hyperalgesia in open abdominal hysterectomy at 72 hours; and phone survey for CPSP at 4 months.	Other: pain testing; physical testing, psychological testing, genetics testing and functional brain imaging
Other: Chronic Post-surgical Pain; pain testing. physical testing, psychological testing, genetics testing and functional brain imaging	Other: pain testing; physical testing, psychological testing, genetics testing and functional brain imaging
Other: No Chronic Post-surgical Pain; pain testing. physical testing, psychological testing, genetics testing and functional brain imaging	Other: pain testing; physical testing, psychological testing, genetics testing and functional brain imaging

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after hysterectomy at 4 months on phone survey	This is defined as pelvic pain (lower abdominal or perineal pain) in the last week that affected daily living during the 4 months phone survey.	4 months post hysterectomy
Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after hysterectomy at 6 months on phone survey	This is defined as pelvic pain (lower abdominal or perineal pain) in the last week that affected daily living during the 6 months phone survey.	6 months post hysterectomy

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Pain Catastrophizing Scale	Assessment will be done via Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) questionnaire. Pain catastrophizing refers to the negative thought processes patients have when they are exposed to pain or painful experiences. The PCS is a 13-item scale, with each item rated on a 5-point scale: 0 (Not at all) to 4 (all the time). It is broken into three subscales being magnification (0-12), rumination (0-16), and helplessness (0-24). A higher value in each subscale indicates a higher tendency to that subscale (worse outcome).	Upon recruitment till 6 months post hysterectomy
Mechanical Temporal Summation as measured by von Frey filament	Assessment will be done via Mechanical Temporal Summation assessment before surgery. A 180 gram von Frey filament is applied on the subject's forearm. Patient will then be asked to rate the pinprick pain score on a verbal rating scale, 0-100. Following this, 10 consecutive touches at random locations are applied with a 1 second interstimulus interval and within a 1 cm diameter circle. The patient will then be asked to rate the 10th pain score (0-100). The Mechanical Temporal Summation Score is obtained by the difference between the 11th pain score and the 1st pain score. If the score is greater than zero, the patient is implied to have presence of Mechanical Temporal Summation.	1 day (before surgery)
State Trait Anxiety Inventory	Assessment will be done via State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before surgery. STAI is a self-reported tool for assessing anxiety via two sub-scales, each containing 20 items on: i) the state anxiety sub-scale measuring transient anxiety at the time of scoring; and ii) trait anxiety measures dispositional anxiety or anxiety in general. Each item in STAI is rated on a 4-point scale: 1 (Not at all) to 4 (very much so). A higher value in each subscale indicates a higher tendency to that subscale (worse outcome on having greater state anxiety or trait anxiety).	1 day

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: KK Women's and Children's Hospital
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Ban Leong Sng, Dr, KK Women's and Children's Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 1, 2013
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 1, 2017
• Study Completion (Actual): June 1, 2017

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 29, 2013
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 29, 2013
• First Posted (Estimated): December 31, 2013

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 6, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 4, 2026
• Last Verified: August 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Pathologic Processes; Disease Attributes; Disease Susceptibility; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Signs and Symptoms; Chronic Pain; Genetic Predisposition to Disease
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2013/512/D

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO