Effectiveness of Percutaneous Neuromodulation in the Treatment of Cervical Pain in University Students.

A non-randomized experimental study will be conducted to investigate the effect of Ecoguided Percutaneous Neuromodulation on patients with and without neck pain in college students. The sample will be collected in a non-probabilistic way at convenience among the students at the San Pablo-CEU University, with a sample that will be divided into two groups: group 1 (G1) with neck pain and group 2 (G2).

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Neck Pain
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Ecoguided Percutaneous Neuromodulation

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 52
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Spain
  • Madrid
    • Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain, 28668
      • San Pablo CEU University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Current Cervical Pain on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) greater than 3.
• Neck pain in the last 12 weeks, and no treatment has been performed.
• Disability index of 8% or more on the Neck Disability Index.
• That they have undergone treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Neck pain associated with vertigo.
• Osteoporosis (control X-ray).
• Diagnosed psychological disorders.
• Vertebral fractures (control X-ray).
• Tumors.
• Diagnosed metabolic diseases.
• Neck surgery.
• Belonephobia.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Neck Pain Group	Procedure: Ecoguided Percutaneous Neuromodulation; Ecoguided Percutaneous Neuromodulation over the posterior branch of the cervical multifidus, for 10 minutes, with a frequency of 10 HZ.
Active Comparator: Non Neck Pain Group	Procedure: Ecoguided Percutaneous Neuromodulation; Ecoguided Percutaneous Neuromodulation over the posterior branch of the cervical multifidus, for 10 minutes, with a frequency of 10 HZ.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Pain threshold	Portable hand pressure algometer (FPX 50/220, Wagner Instruments, Greenwich, USA), measured in kg / cm² (kilogram per centimeter squared).	up to 1 Week

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Health-related quality of life	The Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-36) questionnaire, which examines health-related quality of life under eight sub-titles; It consists of 36 items. The SF36 questionnaire will be used in the study.	Baseline
Pain by visual analog scale	usual visual analog scale (VAS) of pain (line from 0: no pain to 10:worst pain)	Baseline
Pain by visual analog scale	usual visual analog scale (VAS) of pain (line from 0: no pain to 10:worst pain)	after intervention
Pain by visual analog scale	usual visual analog scale (VAS) of pain (line from 0: no pain to 10:worst pain)	Follow-up at 1 week
Neck Disability Index Questionnaire.	Quantification of pain and disabilty	Baseline
Neck Disability Index Questionnaire.	Quantification of pain and disabilty	after intervention
Neck Disability Index Questionnaire.	Quantification of pain and disabilty	Follow-up at 1 week
Kinesiophobia	Measured with Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale questionnaire (TSK-11SV) Spanish version. Minimum and maximum values are between 11 and 44 point, a result with higher values indicates higher level of kinesiofobia.	Baseline
Kinesiophobia	Measured with Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale questionnaire (TSK-11SV) Spanish version. Minimum and maximum values are between 11 and 44 point, a result with higher values indicates higher level of kinesiofobia.	after intervention
Kinesiophobia	Measured with Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale questionnaire (TSK-11SV) Spanish version. Minimum and maximum values are between 11 and 44 point, a result with higher values indicates higher level of kinesiofobia.	Follow-up at 1 week
Pain Catastrophizing Scale	Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PAS) will be used to evaluate the participants' pain-related thoughts and feelings.	Baseline
Pain Catastrophizing Scale	Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PAS) will be used to evaluate the participants' pain-related thoughts and feelings.	after intervention
Pain Catastrophizing Scale	Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PAS) will be used to evaluate the participants' pain-related thoughts and feelings.	Follow-up at 1 week
Health-related quality of life	The Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-36) questionnaire, which examines health-related quality of life under eight sub-titles; It consists of 36 items. The SF36 questionnaire will be used in the study.	after intervention
Health-related quality of life	The Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-36) questionnaire, which examines health-related quality of life under eight sub-titles; It consists of 36 items. The SF36 questionnaire will be used in the study.	Follow-up at 1 week
Sonoelastography	This diagnostic test would be executed by a Physiotherapist who has experiences of using General Electric, P9 model ultrasound system for more than three year. The equipment to obtain the image will be used with a frequency of 12 MHz, 22 dB gain, 85 dynamic range, brightness at 17 and depth of 4 cm. The transducer will be placed on the spinosa of C4 and the probe will be moved towards the transverse of each of the sides, to identify the image of the multifidus muscle in depth. Once the muscle is located in this segment, a longitudinal and transverse image of the muscle will be obtained, performing the elastography at the same time and calculating the elastographic values (tissue resistance in kilopascals and transmission speed in meters/second).	Baseline
Sonoelastography	This diagnostic test would be executed by a Physiotherapist who has experiences of using General Electric, P9 model ultrasound system for more than three year. The equipment to obtain the image will be used with a frequency of 12 MHz, 22 dB gain, 85 dynamic range, brightness at 17 and depth of 4 cm. The transducer will be placed on the spinosa of C4 and the probe will be moved towards the transverse of each of the sides, to identify the image of the multifidus muscle in depth. Once the muscle is located in this segment, a longitudinal and transverse image of the muscle will be obtained, performing the elastography at the same time and calculating the elastographic values (tissue resistance in kilopascals and transmission speed in meters/second).	after intervention
Sonoelastography	This diagnostic test would be executed by a Physiotherapist who has experiences of using General Electric, P9 model ultrasound system for more than three year. The equipment to obtain the image will be used with a frequency of 12 MHz, 22 dB gain, 85 dynamic range, brightness at 17 and depth of 4 cm. The transducer will be placed on the spinosa of C4 and the probe will be moved towards the transverse of each of the sides, to identify the image of the multifidus muscle in depth. Once the muscle is located in this segment, a longitudinal and transverse image of the muscle will be obtained, performing the elastography at the same time and calculating the elastographic values (tissue resistance in kilopascals and transmission speed in meters/second).	Follow-up at 1 week

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: CEU San Pablo University
• Collaborators: Universidad Católica de Ávila

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 31, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 30, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): November 30, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 3, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 25, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): June 28, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): January 28, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 27, 2026
• Last Verified: January 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: pain; Ecoguided Percutaneous Neuromodulation
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neurologic Manifestations; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Signs and Symptoms; Pain; Neck Pain
• Other Study ID Numbers: CEU-026

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No