In Vivo Liquid Biopsy of Melanoma (Cytophone) (Cytophone)
In Vivo Liquid Biopsy for Early Detection of Metastatic Melanoma
Study Overview
Status
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
The majority of melanoma deaths are associated with metastasis that are formed by cancer cells shedding from the primary tumor that enter the circulation and spread to distant organs via blood circulation. These cells in blood are referred to as circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Growing evidence suggests that metastasis is an early event in melanoma patients, often occurring before metastases are clinically detectable. Therefore, detection of CTCs using liquid biopsy assays should be considered as an effective tool to diagnose early the risk of metastasis progression. Taking into account the link of CTCs with metastasis, CTCs have an advantage over many other biomarkers in identifying patients for early therapeutic intervention at a stage when the disease is still manageable and possibly curable. Overall, CTCs are in the blood circulation in early stage disease, yet they are typically detected in later stage disease. Currently, the main issue restricting the use of CTCs for early melanoma detection relates to the low sensitivity of existing assays due to assessment of limited blood volume (i.e., blood samples in vitro). To maximize the blood volume available for analysis, in vivo CTC enumeration without labelling in a large blood volume using the Cytophone device was developed by our team. The Cytophone represents a photoacoustic (PA) flow cytometry (PAFC) diagnostic platform. Our feasibility clinical study has demonstrated the detection of CTCs in 49 of 50 melanoma patients (sensitivity 98%) and in 0 of 18 in healthy subjects (control group). The investigators received clinical evidence of the Cytophone's capability to diagnose 0.001 CTCs/mL which is significantly higher than sensitivity of existing testing methodologies. This threshold of the sensitivity is 130-times better than the sensitivity of the in vitro CellSearch (Menarini) assay which is only assay approved by FDA for clinical testing of CTCs (1 CTC in 7.5 mL; 0.13 CTCs/mL).
The Goal of this clinical study is to determine whether the Cytophone can be used for in vivo detection and enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the melanoma patients at different disease stages with focus on early diagnosis, early assessment of disease recurrence and monitoring of therapy efficiency. It is expected that the detection limit of CTCs will be improved at least an order of magnitude compared to the detection limits of existing methods. The test results are intended to use in conjunction with other clinical diagnostic methods.
The investigators hypothesize that our CTC assay, in vivo, provides earlier, rapid and more accurate diagnosis and prognosis of metastasis progression in melanoma patients. To achieve our goal, the investigators will accomplish the following primary and secondary objectives:
The primary objectives:
- Obtain evidence that a positive Cytophone CTC test indicates a risk of metastasis development.
- Define thresholds of CTC counts that correlate with melanoma recurrence and progression of metastatic disease.
The secondary objective:
1. Determine if the Cytophone diagnoses the risk of melanoma metastasis progression and recurrence earlier than existing methods.
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: James Golleher, MBA
- Phone Number: 5017658175
- Email: jgolleher@cytoastra.com
Study Locations
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Wisconsin
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Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53715
- Recruiting
- SSM Health Dean Medical Group Specialty Services
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Contact:
- Lisa Lepeak, MD
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Principal Investigator:
- Lisa Lepeak, MD
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Histological documented diagnosis of melanoma;
- Participants having provided informed consent with signature on informed consent form: the informed consent process should be complete with full discussion of all requirements and possible risks;
- Must be able to sit for up to 60 minutes.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Unable to provide informed consent to participate in the study, such as a mental condition rendering the participant unable to understand the nature, scope, and possible consequences of the study;
- Clinically relevant cardiovascular, hepatic, neurological (e.g., evidence of organic brain syndrome), endocrine, or other major systemic disease making implementation of the protocol or interpretation of the study results difficult or that would put the participant at risk by participating in the study;
- Persistent significant or severe infection, either acute or chronic;
- Pregnant or breast-feeding women or those who plan to become pregnant during the study;
- Women of childbearing potential not protected by effective contraceptive method of birth control and/or who are unwilling or unable to be tested for pregnancy;
- Any known history of severe preexisting constipation.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
- Allocation: N/A
- Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
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Experimental: Cytophone application
It is anticipated that Cytophone diagnostic procedure will start with 30-min preparation including ultrasound imaging of an examined vessel, photo of a skin area above the vessel and quick navigation of the PAFC probe on the vessel using near-infrared viewer.
After completion, the Cytophone monitoring will be conducted for 30-60 min and will include noninvasive irradiation of the vessel by a laser beam(s) using a safe for human laser energy level.
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The Cytophone clinical prototype incorporates two pulse lasers, optical system for delivery of laser light to the skin, ultrasound transducer array and detection electronics for acquisition of acoustic waves from CTCs. Parameters of lasers: C-Wedge 1064 (Bright Solutions, Cura Carpignano (PV), Italy): Wavelength,1064 nm; pulse width, 0.6 ns; pulse rate: 1 kHz; pulse energy, 240 μJ. C-Wedge 18901 (Bright Solutions, Cura Carpignano (PV), Italy): Wavelength, 770 nm; pulse width 3 ns; pulse rate, 1 kHz; pulse energy, 240 μJ. Detection of acoustic waves from CTCs is performing by a focused ultrasound transducer array placed in an acoustic contact with the skin of the subject with ultrasound gel. The signals from the transducers are amplified with a 16 channel amplifier, then digitized by a 12-bit, 500 MSPS high speed board digitizer (ATS9350, AlazarTech, Canada). This information is then transferred to a data recording system using a secure computer.
Other Names:
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
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Identify and count CTCs in blood in vivo
Time Frame: nine months
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Link CTC counts with early melanoma progression and recurrence efficacy
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nine months
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Investigators
- Study Director: Ekaterina Galanzha, PhD, Cytoastra
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Galanzha EI, Shashkov EV, Spring PM, Suen JY, Zharov VP. In vivo, noninvasive, label-free detection and eradication of circulating metastatic melanoma cells using two-color photoacoustic flow cytometry with a diode laser. Cancer Res. 2009 Oct 15;69(20):7926-34. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-4900. Epub 2009 Oct 13.
- Galanzha EI, Zharov VP. Circulating Tumor Cell Detection and Capture by Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry in Vivo and ex Vivo. Cancers (Basel). 2013 Dec 10;5(4):1691-738. doi: 10.3390/cancers5041691.
- Galanzha EI, Menyaev YA, Yadem AC, Sarimollaoglu M, Juratli MA, Nedosekin DA, Foster SR, Jamshidi-Parsian A, Siegel ER, Makhoul I, Hutchins LF, Suen JY, Zharov VP. In vivo liquid biopsy using Cytophone platform for photoacoustic detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with melanoma. Sci Transl Med. 2019 Jun 12;11(496):eaat5857. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aat5857. Erratum In: Sci Transl Med. 2019 Sep 18;11(510):eaaz4393. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz4393.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Pathologic Processes
- Neoplasms by Site
- Neoplasms
- Neoplasms by Histologic Type
- Neoplastic Processes
- Skin Diseases
- Neuroectodermal Tumors
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal
- Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue
- Neuroendocrine Tumors
- Nevi and Melanomas
- Skin Neoplasms
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Melanoma
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
Other Study ID Numbers
- Pro00075507
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.
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