Health Expenses and Outcomes of the DASH Diet in Egyptian Patients With Hypertension

DASH diet can reduce hypertension and decrease health expenses

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Hypertension,Essential
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: DASH diet

Detailed Description

Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular risk factor associated with adverse outcomes and obesity. Egypt's prevalence is 26.3%, exceeding rates in the U.S. and sub-Saharan Africa. Lifestyle interventions like the DASH diet effectively manage hypertension, offering a cost-effective alternative to pharmacological treatments. This study aims to assess the effects of the DASH diet on blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference, and fasting blood glucose, as well as its cost-effectiveness compared to pharmacological treatments. This open-label prospective controlled clinical trial was conducted in Esna Health Administration, Luxor Governorate. The FMREC of Beni-Suef University approved the study, which included 364 hypertensive patients aged 30-60. Exclusions were patients with severe comorbidities or those who declined participation. Measurements included height, weight, BMI, blood pressure, and laboratory tests. The intervention group received a DASH diet education program. Outcomes measured were blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference, weight, and fasting blood glucose at baseline and post-intervention. Our study demonstrates the significant benefits of the DASH diet in managing blood pressure, weight, and fasting blood glucose levels in the Egyptian population. The DASH diet substantially reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure, with a notable decrease in the number of antihypertensive medications needed. Additionally, participants on the DASH diet experienced significant weight loss and reduced BMI and waist circumference compared to the control group. The economic implications of the DASH diet are also promising, with a notable decrease in the total cost of therapy due to reduced medication costs.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 364
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Egypt
  • Banī Suwayf, Egypt, 621125
    • Faculty of medicine

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients diagnosed with primary hypertension (all stages) in the family medicine units of Esna Health Administration, located in Luxor Governorate.
• Individuals between the ages of 30 and 60, of both male and female genders.

Exclusion Criteria:

• • Patients with cancer and either hepatic failure or renal impairment.

  • Patients diagnosed with diabetes, metabolic illness, or terminal organ failure.
  • A patient with severe or malignant hypertension.
  • Individuals who decline to partake in our research.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: intervention group; Participants will taken a medical history review, anthropometric assessments, and waist circumference measurements. Tests included hemoglobin levels, kidney and liver function tests, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profiles. Baseline antihypertensive medications will be recorded in an Excel sheet and taken DASH diet .	Other: DASH diet; The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets rich in fruits and vegetables and reduced in saturated fat can lower the risk for high blood pressure and assist with blood pressure control in hypertensive persons
Placebo Comparator: control group; Participants will taken a medical history review, anthropometric assessments, and waist circumference measurements. Tests included hemoglobin levels, kidney and liver function tests, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profiles. Baseline antihypertensive medications will be recorded in an Excel sheet and without taken DASH diet .	Other: DASH diet; The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets rich in fruits and vegetables and reduced in saturated fat can lower the risk for high blood pressure and assist with blood pressure control in hypertensive persons

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
blood pressure	patient on DASH diet showing decrease on blood pressure	9 month

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Beni-Suef University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Appel LJ, Moore TJ, Obarzanek E, Vollmer WM, Svetkey LP, Sacks FM, Bray GA, Vogt TM, Cutler JA, Windhauser MM, Lin PH, Karanja N. A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure. DASH Collaborative Research Group. N Engl J Med. 1997 Apr 17;336(16):1117-24. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199704173361601.
• Abolfotouh MA, Soliman LA, Abolfotouh SM, Raafat M. Knowledge and Practice of PHC Physicians toward the Detection and Management of Hypertension and Other CVD Risk Factors in Egypt. Int J Hypertens. 2011;2011:983869. doi: 10.4061/2011/983869. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
• Akhlaghi M. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH): potential mechanisms of action against risk factors of the metabolic syndrome. Nutr Res Rev. 2020 Jun;33(1):1-18. doi: 10.1017/S0954422419000155. Epub 2019 Jul 30.
• Al-Smair A, Saadeh O, Saadeh A, Al-Ali A. Renovascular Compression by the Diaphragmatic Crus: A Case Report. Cureus. 2022 Apr 10;14(4):e24004. doi: 10.7759/cureus.24004. eCollection 2022 Apr.
• Ancker OV, Wehland M, Bauer J, Infanger M, Grimm D. The Adverse Effect of Hypertension in the Treatment of Thyroid Cancer with Multi-Kinase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Mar 14;18(3):625. doi: 10.3390/ijms18030625.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 1, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 29, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): June 29, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 6, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 6, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): July 12, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 12, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 6, 2024
• Last Verified: July 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: hypertension; DASH diet; health expense
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Hypertension; Essential Hypertension
• Other Study ID Numbers: DASH diet and hypertension

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No