Vegetables for All Project in Uganda
Impact Evaluation of the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) Vegetables for All Program in Uganda
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Background: In Uganda, the goal of GAIN's 'Vegetables for All' project is to contribute to improving the dietary diversity of Ugandans through increased consumption of safe vegetables and greater use of vegetables in Ugandan cuisine, increasing the percentage of bottom-of-the-pyramid (BoP) consumers with more adequate diets. The 'Vegetables for All' project has components focused on generating demand for safe and fresh vegetables, improving access to safe and fresh vegetables, and improving the enabling environment to support the policy and regulatory environment within which vegetable value chains function. The project resonates with Uganda's programs and interventions for preventing diet-related non-communicable diseases (DR-NCDs). Further, few evaluations of integrated nutrition and food systems programs have been conducted globally. Therefore, an evaluation of such a program would generate insights that could inform policies and program initiatives for preventing DR-NCDs in Uganda and in other contexts.
Objective: The overall objectives of the evaluation are: 1) To assess the change in the quantity (grams) of vegetables consumed in the last 24 hours before and after GAIN's Vegetables for All Project by women and children 3-9 years in BoP households in the intervention versus control areas in the study districts; 2) To assess the effect of the Vegetables for All project on secondary outcomes in BoP households in intervention versus control areas in study districts; 3) to assess the effect of the Vegetables for All project on knowledge, attitudes, and intentions related to vegetable consumption in BoP households in the intervention versus control areas in study districts; and 4) To conduct a program impact pathway analysis that will provide information that GAIN can use to adapt their program at midline and that will help support the findings of the impact evaluation at endline.
Methods: This evaluation will use a mixed-methods quasi-experimental design in which 136 FFZs are assigned to intervention or control groups across four districts. The impacts will be assessed through cross-sectional population-based surveys of households with women 18-49 years who have a child 3-9 years in the selected FFZs at baseline and endline (N=1,360 at each time point). Vegetable vendor surveys will be conducted in all 136 sampled FFZs at baseline and endline (N=408 at each time point). Qualitative data will be collected at midline and endline. In-depth interviews (IDIs) will be conducted with vegetable value chain actors and other stakeholders (N=16 at endline) and household members (16 FGDs at endline). The analysis will be performed using difference-in-difference estimation (surveys) and thematic content analysis methods (qualitative). A PIP analysis will be conducted at endline using a combination of qualitative and quantitative data to help understand the pathways through which the program achieved its impact.
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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Kampala, Uganda
- Makerere University School of Public Health
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Different populations will be targeted for different data collection methods. Eligibility criteria are detailed below for each data collection method.
Household Surveys
Inclusion Criteria:
- Reside in the FFZs selected;
- Be a woman between 18-49 years old;
- Have a child 3-9 years old;
- The household earns $250 per month;
- Be able to speak one of the main local languages (Luganda and/or Lusoga);
- Provide informed consent to participate in the study.
Vegetable Vendor Surveys
Inclusion Criteria:
- Be a vegetable vendor in a FFZ in the districts selected for the evaluation;
- Be in business for at least 6 months
- Be over 18 years old;
- Be able to speak one of the main local languages (Luganda and/or Lusoga);
- Provide informed consent to participate in the study.
In-depth interviews with value chain actors:
Inclusion criteria:
- Be a vegetable supplier to vegetable vendors as part of the FFZ, involved in demand generation activities, or involved in food safety compliance;
- Be over 18 years old;
- Be able to speak one of the main local languages (Luganda and/or Lusoga);
- Provide informed consent to participate in the study.
FGDs with vegetable vendors:
Inclusion criteria:
- Work as a vegetable vendor
- Have been a vegetable vendor for at least 6 months
- Be over 18 years old;
- Be able to speak one of the main local languages (Luganda and/or Lusoga);
- Provide informed consent to participate in the study.
Exclusion Criteria:
• For endline: participants will be excluded if they participated in the midline focus group discussion
FGDs with households:
FGD participants will be selected from lists of participants in the FFZ and household surveys and will be consented again for the FGDs if they meet the following criteria:
Inclusion criteria:
- Be a woman living in a BoP household in a FFZ selected for the evaluation;
- Have ever visited a vegetable vendors' place of business;
- Participated in the baseline survey;
- Be over 18 years old;
- Be able to speak one of the main local languages (Luganda and/or Lusoga);
- Provide informed consent to participate in the study.
Exclusion Criteria:
• For endline: participants will be excluded if they participated in a midline FGD
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Other
- Allocation: Non-Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
|
Active Comparator: Intervention
The Vegetables for All project will create FFZs in low-income urban and peri-urban areas.
FFZs are the last mile/point of purchase for delivering a variety of fresh, safe, and accessible vegetables to BoP households.
The program will link vendors and farmers through market facilitators, support the uptake of digital solutions for vendors to access vegetables, and support district governments to improve market infrastructure.
To encourage BoP parents of children 3-9 years to buy and consume more vegetables, the program will include a demand generation component.
|
The Vegetables for All project will create FFZs in low-income urban and peri-urban areas.
FFZs are the last mile/point of purchase for delivering a variety of fresh, safe, and accessible vegetables to BoP households.
The program will link vendors and farmers through market facilitators, support the uptake of digital solutions for vendors to access vegetables, and support district governments to improve market infrastructure.
To encourage BoP parents of children 3-9 years to buy and consume more vegetables, the program will include a demand generation component.
|
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No Intervention: Control/No Intervention
An equal number of geographic areas with similar levels of urban city to the intervention FFZs will serve as the control.
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
|
Grams of Vegetables Consumed
Time Frame: Baseline (October 2024), Endline (October 2026) (2 years)
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Change in the mean grams of vegetables consumed during the last 24 hours by women and children 3-9 years old in BoP households in Fit Food Zones
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Baseline (October 2024), Endline (October 2026) (2 years)
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Valerie Flax, RTI International
- Principal Investigator: Simon Kasasa, Makerere University
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Other Study ID Numbers
- 424605
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.
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