Virtual Reality and White Noise During Peripheral IV Catheterization in Adults
March 21, 2026 updated by: Gizem Göktuna
The Effect of Virtual Reality Glasses and White Noise on Pain, Anxiety, and Satisfaction During Peripheral Intravenous Catheterization in Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This randomized controlled study aims to examine the effects of using virtual reality glasses and white noise during peripheral intravenous catheterization on pain, anxiety, and satisfaction in adult patients.
Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: virtual reality, white noise, or control.
Pain and anxiety levels will be assessed using standardized scales immediately after the procedure, and satisfaction will be evaluated following the intervention.
The study aims to determine whether these non-pharmacological methods can reduce pain and anxiety and increase patient satisfaction during intravenous catheterization.
Study Overview
Status
Completed
Intervention / Treatment
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Actual)
76
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Locations
-
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Balıkesir
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İzmir, Balıkesir, Turkey (Türkiye), 10715
- Dokuz Eylül University Hospital
-
-
Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- No verbal, visual, auditory, or perceptual communication impairment
- Voluntary participation in the study
- Clinical requirement for peripheral intravenous catheterization
- No use of analgesic medication within the last 24 hours
- No diagnosed neurological or psychiatric disorder
- Ability to speak and understand Turkish
- Successful peripheral intravenous catheterization on the first attempt
Exclusion Criteria:
- Under 18 years of age
- Clinically unstable condition
- Individuals with psychiatric, mental, visual, or hearing impairments that prevent effective communication
- Individuals experiencing pain for any reason or using analgesic medication for pain management
- Individuals using anxiolytic or sedative medications
- Individuals who do not consent to participate in the study
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: Virtual Reality Group
Participants in this group will wear virtual reality glasses displaying relaxing nature scenes during peripheral intravenous catheterization.
The intervention will begin three minute before the procedure and continue until catheter insertion is completed.
|
Participants in this group will wear virtual reality glasses displaying calming nature scenes accompanied by ambient sounds during peripheral intravenous catheterization.
The intervention will begin three minutes before the procedure and continue until completion.
This visual distraction technique is intended to reduce pain perception and anxiety levels and to increase patient satisfaction during the procedure.
Other Names:
|
|
No Intervention: Control Group
Participants in this group will receive routine peripheral intravenous catheterization without any additional intervention.
|
|
|
Experimental: White Noise Group
Participants in this group will listen to natural white noise (the sound of rain) through headphones during peripheral intravenous catheterization.
The sound will begin three minutes before the procedure and continue until the catheterization is completed.
|
Participants will listen to natural white noise, specifically the sound of rain, through headphones during peripheral intravenous catheterization.
The sound will begin three minutes before the procedure and continue until completion.
This auditory distraction technique is intended to reduce pain perception and anxiety levels and to increase patient satisfaction during the procedure.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
|
ain intensity during peripheral intravenous catheterization
Time Frame: Immediately after peripheral intravenous catheterization
|
Pain intensity will be measured using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain) immediately after the procedure.
|
Immediately after peripheral intravenous catheterization
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
|
Patient satisfaction related to peripheral intravenous catheterization
Time Frame: Three minutes before and immediately after the peripheral intravenous catheterization
|
Patient satisfaction will be assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (not satisfied at all) to 10 (extremely satisfied).
Measurements will be performed twice: three minutes before the procedure and immediately after the catheterization is completed.
Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction.
|
Three minutes before and immediately after the peripheral intravenous catheterization
|
|
Anxiety level during peripheral intravenous catheterization
Time Frame: Three minutes before and immediately after the peripheral intravenous catheterization
|
Anxiety will be assessed using the State Anxiety Inventory-Short Form (STAIS-S).
The scale measures temporary anxiety levels.
Scores range from 5 to 20, with higher scores indicating higher (worse) anxiety.
Measurements will be performed twice: three minutes before the intervention and immediately after the procedure is completed.
|
Three minutes before and immediately after the peripheral intravenous catheterization
|
Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Sponsor
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
October 11, 2025
Primary Completion (Actual)
January 30, 2026
Study Completion (Actual)
January 30, 2026
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
November 17, 2025
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
November 17, 2025
First Posted (Actual)
November 21, 2025
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
March 24, 2026
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
March 21, 2026
Last Verified
March 1, 2026
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 2025/31-10
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
NO
IPD Plan Description
Individual participant data (IPD) may be available from the principal investigator upon reasonable request.
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
No
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.