Cervical Strength, Proprioception and Performance in Adolescent Soccer

March 4, 2026 updated by: Deniz Çakır, Ondokuz Mayıs University

The Relationship Between Cervical Muscle Strength, Proprioceptive Sensation and Athletic Performance in Adolescent Soccer Players

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between cervical muscle strength, proprioceptive sense, and sportive performance in adolescent soccer players.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

45

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Samsun
      • Samsun, Samsun, Turkey (Türkiye), 55139
        • Ondokuz Mayıs University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

45 adolescent football players

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Aged between 10 and 19 years, who had a regularly renewed football license, had been playing football professionally for at least one year, and were able to complete the assessment protocols

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Any orthopedic, neurological, rheumatologic, or cardiovascular disorders, or those who had undergone surgical intervention within the previous year

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Cervical extension strength
Time Frame: baseline a year

Cervical extension muscle strength will be assessed using a digital hand-held dynamometer (e.g., MicroFET2 or equivalent). Isometric cervical extension strength will be measured in a standardized seated position with the dynamometer placed on the occipital region. Participants will be instructed to perform a maximal voluntary isometric contraction against resistance for 5 seconds.

Three trials will be recorded, and the highest value (in Newton, N) will be used for analysis. The outcome will be expressed as peak force (N).
baseline a year
Cervical flexion strength
Time Frame: baseline a year

Cervical flexion muscle strength will be assessed using a digital hand-held dynamometer (e.g., MicroFET2 or equivalent). Isometric cervical flexion strength will be measured in a standardized supine position with the head in neutral alignment. The dynamometer will be placed on the frontal bone region. Participants will be instructed to perform a maximal voluntary isometric contraction against resistance for 5 seconds.

Three trials will be performed, and the highest value will be recorded for analysis. The outcome will be expressed as peak isometric force in Newtons (N).
baseline a year
Proprioception analysis
Time Frame: baseline a year
Cervical proprioception was assessed using a laser pointer system (Motion Guidance Clinic Kit, Motion Guidance LLC, Denver, CO, USA). The laser device was mounted on the participant's head, and participants were seated comfortably at a distance of 90 cm from the target. With the participant's eyes closed, the examiner positioned the head in the starting position and asked the participant to memorize this position. Participants then performed maximal right and left cervical rotation and returned to the starting position without guidance, verbally confirming when they perceived proper realignment. Each movement was repeated three times. The distance between the final position of the laser beam and the center of the target was measured, and the arithmetic mean of the three trials was recorded as the deviation distance (cm). To calculate the deviation angle, the arctangent formula (deviation distance / distance between the laser and the target) was used.
baseline a year

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Ondokuz Mayıs University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

May 1, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

May 1, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

July 1, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 27, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 4, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

March 5, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 5, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 4, 2026

Last Verified

February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2024/421

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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