Maxillary Canine Retraction Using Stainless Steel and Titanium-molybdenum Alloy Wires in TAD-supported Segmental Mechanics

September 3, 2026 updated by: Tanzila Rafique

Comparative Evaluation of Maxillary Canine Retraction Using Stainless Steel and Titanium-molybdenum Alloy Wires in TAD-supported Segmental Mechanics

The goal of this randomized clinical study is to compare the effectiveness of stainless steel (SS) and titanium-molybdenum alloy (TMA) wires for maxillary canine retraction using TAD-supported segmental mechanics. The main question it aims to answer is:

Which wire material, stainless steel or titanium-molybdenum alloy, provides better outcomes in maxillary canine retraction when used with TAD-supported segmental mechanics? Researchers will compare SS reverse-closing loops with TMA reverse-closing loops to evaluate differences in the rate of canine retraction and canine angulation changes during orthodontic space closure.

Participants will:

  • Receive mini-implants/TADs on both sides of the maxillary arch.
  • Receive a stainless steel reverse-closing loop on one side and a TMA reverse-closing loop on the contralateral side.
  • Receive the same standardized force of 150 g on both sides.
  • Visit the clinic every 4 weeks for a total duration of 4 months.
  • Undergo OPG radiographs before retraction and after the 4-month study period to assess canine angulation.

Study Overview

Status

Enrolling by invitation

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Background: Canine retraction is vital in orthodontic treatment, especially in first premolar extraction cases. Stainless steel (SS) and titanium-molybdenum alloy (TMA) wires are two most commonly used materials in segmental canine retraction with loop mechanics. Temporary anchorage devices (TADs), provide absolute anchorage.

Objective: To assess and compare maxillary canine retraction using SS and TMA wire in TAD-supported segmental mechanics.

Materials and Methods: After taking IRB approval, informed consent and assent a randomized clinical study will be conducted with 16 participants aged 15 to 35 years who require maxillary 1st premolar extraction on both sides to alleviate crowding or protrusion at Orthodontics department in Bangladesh Medical University (BMU). Each participant will receive a TAD on the same anatomic location with reverse closing loop (RCL) of SS wire 0.016 × 0.022" on one side and RCL of TMA wire 0.016 × 0.022" on contralateral side. Same 150 g force will be standardized with Dontrix gauge for both side. Rate of canine retraction will be measured intraorally with a digital slide caliper at four-week intervals for a total of four months. Canine angulation will be measured in OPG before retraction and after four months study period.

Statistical Analysis Plan: Data normality will be tested to select parametric or non-parametric analyses with P value <0.05 as significant. All the analyses will be performed using SPSS (version 30.0, IBM, New York, USA).

Expected outcome: TMA wire other than SS wire may be more effective in maxillary canine retraction from TAD-supported segmental mechanics providing scientific rationale for material choice.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

16

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Bangladesh
      • Dhaka, Bangladesh, 1000
        • Bangladesh Medical University (BMU), Dhaka,1000

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Participants aged 15 to 35 years.
  • Both male and female participants.
  • Patients with all permanent teeth present, excluding third molars.
  • Patients requiring extraction of both maxillary first premolars
  • Patients with Class I or Class II molar relationship requiring maximum anchorage.
  • Patients already undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with a 0.018-inch Roth preadjusted appliance system.
  • Maxillary canines aligned, symmetrical, and upright before the study.
  • Patients in the leveling and alignment stage before canine retraction.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Missing or absent upper premolars.
  • Previous orthodontic, orthognathic or reconstructive treatment.
  • Systemic disease contraindicating dental implant placement.
  • Use of systemic drugs or presence of systemic illness.
  • Compromised periodontal condition.
  • Use of anti-inflammatory therapy.
  • Smokers.
  • Pregnant female participants.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: A titanium-molybdenum alloy reverse closing loop
A titanium-molybdenum alloy reverse-closing loop will be placed on one side of the maxillary arch and activated with 150 g force for canine retraction.
Procedure: A titanium-molybdenum alloy reverse-closing loop
A titanium-molybdenum alloy reverse-closing loop will be placed on one side of the maxillary arch, and a stainless steel reverse-closing loop will be placed on the contralateral side of the maxillary arch and activated with a 150 g force to retract the canine.
Procedure: A stainless steel reverse closing loop
A titanium-molybdenum alloy reverse-closing loop will be placed on one side of the maxillary arch, and a stainless steel reverse-closing loop will be placed on the contralateral side of the maxillary arch and activated with the same 150 g force for canine retraction.
Active Comparator: A stainless steel reverse closing loop
A stainless steel reverse-closing loop will be placed on the contralateral side of the maxillary arch and activated with the same 150 g force to retract the canine.
Procedure: A titanium-molybdenum alloy reverse-closing loop
A titanium-molybdenum alloy reverse-closing loop will be placed on one side of the maxillary arch, and a stainless steel reverse-closing loop will be placed on the contralateral side of the maxillary arch and activated with a 150 g force to retract the canine.
Procedure: A stainless steel reverse closing loop
A titanium-molybdenum alloy reverse-closing loop will be placed on one side of the maxillary arch, and a stainless steel reverse-closing loop will be placed on the contralateral side of the maxillary arch and activated with the same 150 g force for canine retraction.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Comparison of the rate of maxillary canine retraction using stainless steel and TMA reverse-closing loops in TAD-supported segmental mechanics over 4 months.
Time Frame: 4 months
The rate of maxillary canine retraction will be compared using stainless steel and TMA reverse-closing loops in TAD-supported segmental mechanics.
4 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Tanzila Rafique

Investigators

  • Study Director: Mahmood Sajedeen, BDS,FCPS, Bangladesh Medical UNivbersity (BMU), Dhaka-1000

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

July 1, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

August 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 9, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 9, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

June 12, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

September 9, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 3, 2026

Last Verified

September 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • BMU/2025/17099

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Confidentiality and privacy will be preserved by utilizing unique identifying codes instead of personal identifiers

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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