Triple Sleep-Promotion Protocol for Delirium Prevention in Intensive Care Patients
Effect of a Triple Sleep-Promotion Protocol on Delirium Incidence in Intensive Care Units: A Multicenter Stratified Randomized Controlled Trial
Delirium is a common complication in intensive care units (ICUs) and may be associated with sleep disruption and frequent nighttime disturbances. This randomized controlled trial will evaluate whether a multicomponent nighttime sleep-promotion intervention, called the Triple Sleep-Promotion Protocol, can reduce the occurrence of new-onset delirium in adult ICU patients.
The study is being conducted in four ICUs in Türkiye. Eligible patients who do not have delirium at the beginning of the study will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention includes clustering nighttime nursing care, offering an eye mask and earplugs during protected sleep periods, and reducing avoidable nighttime light and noise whenever clinically feasible. Patients in the control group will receive usual ICU care. Patient safety and clinically necessary care will take priority over all sleep-promotion procedures.
Participants will be followed during their ICU stay for up to five days. Delirium will be assessed twice daily using the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). Nighttime sleep quality will also be assessed each morning using the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire. The primary aim is to determine whether the Triple Sleep-Promotion Protocol reduces the incidence of new-onset delirium compared with usual ICU care.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Sleep disruption is common among critically ill patients and may contribute to the development of delirium. Nighttime sleep in the ICU can be disrupted by environmental light and noise, frequent nursing activities, monitoring, and other clinically necessary procedures. Non-pharmacological strategies that reduce avoidable nighttime disturbances may therefore represent a feasible approach to supporting sleep and preventing delirium without adding medication-related risks.
The Triple Sleep-Promotion Protocol was developed as a multicomponent nursing intervention integrating clustered nighttime nursing care, protected sleep periods, eye mask and earplug use, and pragmatic reduction of avoidable nighttime light and noise. The protocol is designed to reduce modifiable sleep disturbances while maintaining routine clinical monitoring and prioritizing patient safety and necessary care at all times.
This multicenter randomized controlled trial will examine whether implementation of the Triple Sleep-Promotion Protocol reduces new-onset delirium compared with usual ICU care. The study will also evaluate subjective nighttime sleep quality and document intervention adherence and clinically necessary protocol interruptions.
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: Naile Alankaya, Assosiate Prof. PhD
- Phone Number: +905334256510
- Email: naile.alankaya@gmail.com
Study Contact Backup
- Name: Sevda Ateş
- Email: naile.alankaya@gmail.com
Study Locations
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Çanakkale
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Çanakkale, Çanakkale, Turkey (Türkiye), 17100
- Recruiting
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Health Sciences
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Contact:
- Ayten Dinç, PhD
- Email: aytendinc@comu.edu.tr
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 18 years or older. Admitted to one of the participating intensive care units. Expected ICU stay of at least 24 hours. Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) score between -3 and +4 at baseline. Negative Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) assessment at baseline.
Able to communicate in Turkish when communication is required for study assessments.
Written informed consent provided by the patient or, when the patient is unable to provide consent because of their clinical condition, by a first-degree relative.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Positive CAM-ICU assessment at baseline. Dementia or a severe neurological disorder that may interfere with delirium assessment, including stroke or severe head trauma.
Delirium related to alcohol or substance withdrawal. Visual or hearing impairment that prevents implementation of the sleep-promotion intervention.
Ear infection or tympanic membrane perforation that precludes the use of earplugs.
Terminal clinical condition.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
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No Intervention: Usual ICU Care
Participants assigned to this arm receive usual ICU care according to the routine practices of the participating ICU.
No study-specific nighttime care clustering, eye mask, earplugs, or structured reduction of nighttime light and noise is provided as part of the study.
All routine clinical monitoring, nursing care, and medically necessary procedures continue according to standard ICU practice.
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Experimental: Triple Sleep-Promotion Protocol
Participants assigned to this arm receive the Triple Sleep-Promotion Protocol in addition to usual ICU care.
The protocol includes clustering nighttime nursing care, offering an eye mask and earplugs during designated protected sleep periods, and reducing avoidable nighttime light and noise whenever clinically feasible.
The intervention is implemented during the nighttime period, approximately 22:00-08:00.
Urgent or clinically necessary care, monitoring, and patient safety requirements take priority over all sleep-promotion procedures.
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The Triple Sleep-Promotion Protocol is a multicomponent, non-pharmacological nighttime nursing intervention implemented approximately between 22:00 and 08:00.
Nursing care is clustered within three designated periods (22:00-01:00, 02:30-04:00, and 05:30-07:00) to support two protected sleep periods (01:00-02:30 and 04:00-05:30).
During the protected sleep periods, participants are offered an eye mask and earplugs, and avoidable environmental light and noise are reduced whenever clinically feasible.
Urgent or clinically necessary nursing care, medical procedures, monitoring, and patient safety requirements take priority over the protocol.
If the evening RASS score is -4 or -5, the sleep-promotion intervention is withheld for that night and the participant is reassessed subsequently.
The intervention is discontinued after the first positive CAM-ICU assessment.
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
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Incidence of New-Onset Delirium
Time Frame: Up to 5 days after randomization
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New-onset delirium is defined as at least one positive Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) assessment during ICU follow-up.
Only participants who are CAM-ICU negative at baseline are randomized.
Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) is assessed before each CAM-ICU assessment; CAM-ICU is performed when RASS is -3 or higher, while RASS -4 or -5 is recorded as not assessable.
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Up to 5 days after randomization
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Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
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Subjective Sleep Quality Assessed by the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire
Time Frame: Daily during ICU follow-up, up to 5 days after randomization
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Subjective sleep quality is assessed using the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ), a five-item instrument evaluating the preceding night's sleep.
Each item is scored from 0 to 100, and the mean of the five items is calculated as the overall RCSQ score (range: 0-100).
Higher scores indicate better perceived sleep quality.
The RCSQ is administered each morning between 07:00 and 08:00 during ICU follow-up.
Assessments are discontinued after the first positive CAM-ICU assessment.
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Daily during ICU follow-up, up to 5 days after randomization
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Naile Alankaya, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Health Sciences
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- COMU-SBF-NA-05
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
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