Effectiveness of Group-based Positive Psychotherapy and Positive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Improving Psychological Distress, Coping Strategies, and Well-being Among Incarcerated Individuals. (GB- PPT&PCBT)
Effectiveness of Group-based Positive Psychotherapy and Positive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Improving Psychological Distress, Coping Strategies, and Well-being Among Incarcerated Individuals
The foremost idea of the proposed research is to highlight the impact of psychological distress and coping strategies on the wellbeing of individuals in incarceration. In Pakistan, there is limited literature available to support the psychological wellbeing of individuals in incarceration. The current research will not only explore the impact of psychological distress and coping strategies on the wellbeing of inmates. In addition, the research will also aim to investigate the effectiveness of group-based interventions, which includes Positive Psychotherapy (PPT) and Positive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (PCBT) in improving psychological distress, coping strategies, and wellbeing of Incarcerated Individuals.
Study Overview
Status
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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-
Sindh
-
Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
- Completed
- Central Prison and Correctional Facility for Women Karachi
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Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
- Active, not recruiting
- Central Prison and Correctional Facility Karachi
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Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
- Recruiting
- District Prison & Correctional Facility Malir Karachi
-
Contact:
- Bilawal Khumbar ASP
- Phone Number: 009221-99231418
- Email: sindhprisons@gmail.com
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Karachi East, Sindh, Pakistan
- Active, not recruiting
- Youthful Offenders Industrial School (YOIS)
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-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Individuals with first time offense
- Minimum duration of incarceration: 3 months.
- Must have a score falling in the mild to severe range for depression and/or anxiety and a score below 6.4 on the PERMA profiler.
- Urdu understanding and ability to comprehend measures
Exclusion Criteria:
- not falling in the age criteria
- having a history of repeated crime
- under any pharmacological and psychological treatment.
- Individuals with types of crimes such as murder and rape were not included.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: Positive Psychotherapy (PPT)
The participants in this experimental group will receive intervention; treatment plan based on a strong foundation of positive psychology for enhancing positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment by building up individuals' inner skill sets, including strengths and achievements, to manage their psychological distress to improve their quality of life. |
The participants in this experimental group will receive intervention; treatment plan based on a strong foundation of positive psychology for enhancing positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment by building up individuals' inner skill sets, including strengths and achievements, to manage their psychological distress to improve their quality of life. The intervention plan is designed to employ 8 PPT exercises, including a positive introduction, three good things, using character strengths in a way, positive cognitive reappraisal, active constructive responding, savouring, gratitude letters and forgiveness letters. |
|
Experimental: Positive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (PCBT)
In this experimental group, the participants will receive an intervention plan based on incorporating positive psychology and solution-focused brief therapy (Bannink & Geschwind, 2021) within the model of cognitive behavioral therapy. |
In this experimental group, the participants will receive an intervention plan based on incorporating positive psychology and solution-focused brief therapy (Bannink & Geschwind, 2021) within the model of cognitive behavioral therapy. The 8-week session plan emphasizes on what is better, exploring the existing resources and self-monitoring to improve wellbeing and quality of life.
Other Names:
|
|
Other: Waitlist Control Group
The participants who will be assigned to this group will be on the waitlist during the active research period. Post-test will be collected at the time as the experimental group to compare the results. After the completion of research data, waitlist participants will be offered and invited to enrol for intervention. |
Participants allocated to this group will be considered as on the waitlist during the active data collection period. This group will serve as a comparison group to see the effectiveness of PPT and PCBT. |
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
|
Psychological Distress
Time Frame: Baseline and 8th Week
|
Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale DASS-21 is a self-report questionnaire designed to examine three negative emotional states. The scale has 21 items, with 7 items for each subdomain. |
Baseline and 8th Week
|
|
PERMA Profiler
Time Frame: Baseline and 8th Week
|
23-item questionnaire for assessing five elements, including positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, accomplishment), along with negative emotion and health. |
Baseline and 8th Week
|
|
Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory
Time Frame: Baseline and 8th Week
|
Self-report 28-item questionnaire to measure coping with sress |
Baseline and 8th Week
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
|
Character Strengths
Time Frame: Baseline and 8th week
|
72-item Character Strength Survey to assess 24 universal character strengths. |
Baseline and 8th week
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Mahum Azhaar, Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University Karachi
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Other Study ID Numbers
- No.IPP/ERC/OM/31315/2025
- No.IPP/ERC/OM/31315/2025 (Other Identifier: Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University Karachi, Pakistan)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
IPD Plan Description
Due to the nature of the research participants and as per the standard operating procedures (SOPs) for research and mental health sessions inside Sindh prison, the researcher has signed to comit full compilance with prison rules and guidelines to ensure confidentiality and data protection.
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
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