Physical Activity in Lawyers: Factors Affecting Musculoskeletal Pain

Group 1: Those with a high level of physical activity

The study is designed as a descriptive, cross-sectional survey. Data will be collected using the Personal Information Form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the Perceived Stress Scale. The study is based on voluntary participation and does not involve any intervention or treatment.

Group 2: Those with Low/Insufficient Physical Activity Levels

The study is designed as a descriptive, cross-sectional survey. Data will be collected using the Personal Information Form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the Perceived Stress Scale. The study is based on voluntary participation and does not involve any intervention or treatment.

International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ):

The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) will be used to determine the participants' physical activity levels. The criterion for evaluating activity is based on the requirement that each activity be performed for a minimum of 10 minutes; a "MET-minute/week" score-representing energy expenditure relative to basal metabolic rate-is obtained by multiplying the duration (in minutes) by the number of days.

Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire

articipants' musculoskeletal complaints, the distribution of pain across body regions, and the impact of such pain on activities of daily living will be assessed using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ).

The questionnaire consists of items inquiring about nine anatomical regions: neck, shoulders, upper back, elbows, lower back, wrists/hands, hips/thighs, knees, and ankles/feet. For each region, participants are asked the following three key questions:

1. Have you experienced pain, discomfort, or stiffness in this region within the last 12 months?
2. Have you been prevented from performing normal work or household activities due to this pain within the last 12 months?
3. Have you experienced pain or discomfort in this region within the last 7 days?

A binary (dichotomous) scoring system-"Yes" (1 point) or "No" (0 points)-is used for each question. Evaluations are conducted separately for each region based on frequency and percentage (%). Rather than calculating a total score,

Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire

The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) will be used to determine the participants' levels of job satisfaction.

The scale is a short form consisting of 20 items and utilizes a 5-point Likert-type rating scale ranging from "1: Not at all satisfied" to "5: Very satisfied." The scale allows for the analysis of an individual's job satisfaction across three distinct dimensions:

Intrinsic Satisfaction (12 items): Refers to the satisfaction derived from the nature of the work itself (achievement, recognition, responsibility, utilization of abilities, activity, independence, social service, moral values, and authority) (items 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, and 20).

Extrinsic Satisfaction (6 items): Refers to the satisfaction stemming from the environmental conditions of the job (pay, advancement, supervision, company policies, coworkers, and social status) (items 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, and 19).

General Satisfaction (20 items): A score reflecting the individual's overall attitude towar

Maslach Burnout Inventory

The participants' burnout levels will be assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).

The scale consists of a total of 22 items and utilizes a 7-point Likert-type rating scale ranging from "0: Never" to "6: Every day."

The scale evaluates burnout across three distinct sub-dimensions:

Emotional Exhaustion (9 items): Reflects the individual feeling overloaded and emotionally depleted due to their work (items 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 13, 14, 16, 20).

Depersonalization (5 items): Refers to the individual adopting a callous and emotionally detached attitude toward the people they serve (items 5, 10, 11, 15, 22).

Reduced Personal Accomplishment (8 items): Assesses the individual's perception of inadequacy in their work and a diminished sense of achievement (items 4, 7, 9, 12, 17, 18, 19, 21).

No total score is calculated for the scale; each sub-dimension is scored independently. High scores on the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization sub-dimensions, combined with low scores on the pers

Perceived Stress Scale

The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) will be used to determine the participants' stress levels and their perceptions of coping with stress over the past month.

The scale consists of a total of 14 items and utilizes a 5-point Likert-type rating scale ranging from "0: Never" to "4: Very often." The scale comprises two sub-dimensions:

Perceived Insufficient Self-Efficacy (7 items): Consists of items 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 13, which assess the individual's perception of their ability to cope with stress (these items are reverse-scored).

Perceived Stress/Distress (7 items): Consists of items 1, 2, 3, 8, 11, 12, and 14, which measure the individual's reactions to sources of stress in their life.

The total score on the scale ranges from 0 to 56. A higher score indicates an increase in the individual's perceived stress level.