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The Effectiveness of 4-STEP-Training Program for Social Media Addiction (4-STEP-TPS) and Psychological Problems Among Adolescence (4-STEP-TPS)

27. april 2026 opdateret af: Qasir Abbas, Government College University Faisalabad

Effectiveness of 4-Step-Training Program for Social Media Addiction(4-STEP-TPS) and Psychological Problems Among Adolescence: A Randomezed Control Trial.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the 4-STEP Training Program in reducing social media addiction and improving psychological well-being among adolescents. Increasing use of social media has been linked with anxiety, depression, stress, sleep problems, low self-esteem, and reduced academic performance, particularly among adolescents who are more vulnerable to social comparison, fear of missing out, and reliance on online validation. To address this issue, a structured intervention integrating psychoeducation, cognitive-behavioral techniques, and relapse prevention strategies is implemented. The study will involve adolescents aged 13-18 years from private schools and colleges, selected based on standardized cut-off scores for social media addiction and low flourishing. The effectiveness of the program will be assessed by comparing experimental and control groups using validated psychological measures. It is expected that the intervention will significantly reduce social media addiction and psychological distress while improving emotional regulation, flourishing, and academic functioning.

Studieoversigt

Status

Ikke rekrutterer endnu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

The present study focuses on the growing concern of social media addiction among adolescents and its associated psychological consequences. In this research the study will be conducted on adolescents aged 13 to 18 years from selected private schools and colleges. A sample of approximately N=120 participants initially enrolled and will be screened out using standardized criteria, including scores above the cut-off on the Social Networking Addiction Scale and below the cut-off on the Secure Flourish Index. After eligibility assessment and screening based on standardised measure N=80 participants will be randomly assigned to either an experimental group receiving the intervention or a waitlist control group. Data will be collected using validated psychological scales measuring social media addiction, flourishing, anxiety, depression, stress, fatigue, insomnia, family relationships, and academic productivity.

The effectiveness of the intervention will be assessed by comparing pre- and post-intervention outcomes between the two groups using statistical analysis. It is expected that the 4-STEP Training Program will significantly reduce problematic social media use and psychological distress while enhancing emotional regulation, psychological well-being, academic engagement, and overall functioning among adolescents. This study is intended to contribute to the development of practical, structured, and evidence-based interventions for managing social media addiction in youth populations.

To address this growing issue, the study introduces the 4-STEP Training Program, a structured and evidence-based intervention designed to reduce social media addiction and improve psychological functioning. The program integrates four key components: screening and psychoeducation, treatment planning and cognitive-behavioral strategies, effective behavioral management techniques, and relapse prevention. These components aim to help adolescents identify maladaptive thoughts and behaviors related to social media use, develop healthier coping strategies, and build long-term self-regulation skills.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

80

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

  • Navn: Qasir Abbas Qasir Abbas, PhD Clinical Psychology
  • Telefonnummer: 10245 923337683133
  • E-mail: drqasirabbas@gcuf.edu.pk

Undersøgelse Kontakt Backup

Studiesteder

  • Pakistan
    • Punjab Province
      • Faisalabad, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 38000
        • Government College University Faisalabad
        • Kontakt:

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Barn
  • Voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adolescents aged 13-18 years
  • Individuals reporting moderate to high levels of social media addiction (based on standardized scale cut-off, e.g., BSMAS/SNAS)
  • Regular social media users with an average daily usage of 4 hours or more
  • Willingness to participate with informed consent and parental consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Adolescents who do not meet the inclusion criteria
  • Diagnosed with severe psychiatric disorders (e.g., psychosis, severe depression)
  • Currently receiving psychological or psychiatric treatment for addiction-related problems
  • Presence of serious physical or neurological conditions
  • Individuals who are not regular social media users
  • Participants who fail to complete pre-test or post-test assessments

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: 1st Arm ( 1-Experimental)
Participants in the experimental group will receive the 4-STEP Training Program for Social Media Addiction (4-STEP-TPS). The intervention consists of four sequential phases: (1) screening, assessment, and psychoeducation, (2) treatment conceptualization and planning, (3) effective management strategies including cognitive-behavioral and self-regulation techniques, and (4) relapse prevention. Each phase includes structured sessions (90 minutes each) delivered over a period of four weeks in an individualized format. The program aims to reduce social media addiction and improve psychological well-being, sleep patterns, and academic functioning.
Adfærdsmæssigt: 4-STEP-Training Program for Social Media Addiction (4-STEP-TPS)
The 4-STEP Training Program (4-STEP-TPS) is distinguished from existing interventions by its structured, multi-component, and individualized approach specifically designed for adolescent social media addiction. Unlike traditional interventions that often rely on a single method such as psychoeducation or cognitive-behavioral therapy alone, this program integrates psychoeducation, case conceptualization, cognitive-behavioral techniques, self-regulation strategies, and relapse prevention within a sequential four-step framework. It is delivered on an individual basis, allowing personalized goal-setting and intervention planning according to each participant's social media use patterns and psychological needs. Additionally, the program incorporates continuous self-monitoring and behavioral tracking to enhance awareness and control over usage behaviors. Another key feature is its holistic focus, addressing not only addiction but also related outcomes such as psychological distress, sleep pr
Ingen indgriben: 2nd Arm ( Waitlist Control Condition )
Participants in the waitlist control group will not receive the intervention during the study period. They will continue their routine activities without any structured treatment. However, after completion of the study and post-assessment, they will be offered the 4-STEP Training Program. This group serves as a comparison to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Social Networking Addiction Scale (SNAS, Shahnawaz & Rehman, 2020)
Tidsramme: At Screening , after 4 weeks, and re-assessment upto 6-months
The Social Networking Addiction Scale (SNAS) was developed to measure addiction of all forms of social networking across six-dimensions salience (items 1-4), mood modification (items 5-7), tolerance (items 8-10), withdrawal (items 11-14), conflict (item 1517), and relapse (items 18-21) (Shahnawaz & Rehman, 2020). The SNAS is a 21-item self-reported scale rated on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). The score can range from 21 to 147. Any total score above 84 indicates addiction. The scale has demonstrated good test-retest reliability (0.88) and good validity, as reported by Shahnawaz and Rehman (2020).
At Screening , after 4 weeks, and re-assessment upto 6-months
Secure Flourish Index (SFI, Weziak-Bialowolska et al., 2017)
Tidsramme: At Screening after 4 weeks and reassessment upto 6 months
The Secure Flourish Index (SFI) was developed to measure long-term flourishing across 6 domains happiness and life satisfaction (items 1-2), physical and mental health (items 3-4), meaning and purpose (items 5-6), character and virtue (items 7-8), close social relationships (items 9-10), and financial and material stability (items 11-12) (WeziakBialowolska et al., 2017). It is a self-report scale with 2 items per domain, totaling 12 items, rated on a 0-10 scale. Total scores range from 0 to 120, with higher scores indicating greater flourishing. It has an internal consistency of 0.85 and good construct validity (Weziak-Bialowolska et al., 2017).
At Screening after 4 weeks and reassessment upto 6 months
Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS, Michielsen et al., 2003)
Tidsramme: At Screening, after 4, weeks and re-assessment upto 6-months
The Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) was developed to evaluate the physical and mental symptoms of fatigue (Michielsen et al., 2003). It is a self-report measure with 10 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). The scale has 2 subscales: mental fatigue, measured by the sum of items 3, 6, 7, 8, and 9, and physical fatigue, measured by the sum of items 1, 2, 4, 5, and 10. Items 4 and 10 are reverse-scored. The total scores range from 10 (lowest level of fatigue) to 50 (highest level of fatigue). The scale has an internal consistency of 0.90 and good validity (Michielsen et al., 2003).
At Screening, after 4, weeks and re-assessment upto 6-months
Insomnia Severity Index (ISI, Bastien et al., 2001)
Tidsramme: At Screening , after 4 weeks, and re-assessment upto 6-months
The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was developed as a screening measure for insomnia as well as an outcome measure in treatment research (Bastien et al., 2001). It is a self-report measure with 7 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 to 4. The total score ranges from 0 to 28, with higher scores indicating more severe insomnia symptoms. Although not validated, the developers suggest cutoff scores to be used for interpretation, with total scores of 0-7 indicating "no clinically significant insomnia," scores between 8-14 indicating "subthreshold insomnia," scores between 15-21 indicating "clinical insomnia (moderate severity)," and scores in the range 22-28 indicating "clinical insomnia (severe)." The scale has an internal consistency of 0.74 (Bastien et al., 2001).
At Screening , after 4 weeks, and re-assessment upto 6-months
Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS, Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995)
Tidsramme: At Screening, after 4 week and re-assessment upto 6 months
The DASS-21 is the shortened version of the DASS-42 and was designed to measure the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). It is a self-report measure with 21 items rated on a 4-point Likert scale (0-3). Each of the three DASS-21 scales, depression (items 3, 5, 10, 13, 16, 17, 21), anxiety (items 2, 4, 7, 9, 15, 19, 20), and stress (items 1, 6, 8, 11, 12, 14, 18), contains 7 items. The scale has good internal consistency and construct validity in both clinical and non-clinical samples (Antony et al., 1998). Scores on the DASS-21 must be multiplied by 2 to obtain the final score. After obtaining the final score for each depression, anxiety, and stress, the final score is compared to the recommended cut-off scores for severity labels (normal, moderate, severe).
At Screening, after 4 week and re-assessment upto 6 months
The Brief Family Relationship Scale (BFRS, Fok, Allen, Henry, 2014)
Tidsramme: After Screening, 4 weeks and re-asessment upto 6 months
The Brief Family Relationship Scale (BFRS) was proposed and validated by Fok, Allen, Henry, and the People Awakening Team (2014). This 16-item instrument was specifically adapted from the Relationship dimension of the original Family Environment Scale (FES) developed by Moos and Moos (1994). By refining the original 27-item. By developing a 16-item measure of the relationship dimension, the authors provided a practical and efficient way to assess three core components of family functioning: Cohesion, Expressiveness, and Conflict. This scale is particularly valued in research involving adolescent populations, as it offers a reliable assessment of the family environment while remaining brief enough for use in large-scale community and clinical studies (Fok et al., 2014; Moos & Moos, 1994).
After Screening, 4 weeks and re-asessment upto 6 months

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Government College University Faisalabad

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Qasir Abbas Qasir Abbas, PhD Clinical Psychology, Government College University Faisalabad

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Anslået)

20. maj 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

25. august 2026

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

2. september 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

27. april 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

27. april 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

4. maj 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

4. maj 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

27. april 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. april 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • GCUF.FS.TPS

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