A Randomized Trial of Economic Incentives to Promote Walking Among Full Time Employees
Aperçu de l'étude
Statut
Les conditions
Intervention / Traitement
Description détaillée
The first part of this study comprises an in-home face-to-face survey with 950 full-time employees in Singapore. The survey aims to identify what an optimal programme might look like and to quantify the potential uptake of the programme, if offered. Stated preference conjoint analysis, which assesses individual preferences for attributes of specific programmes, will be used.
The second part of this study is a Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) of a 12-month walking programme. Up to 800 full-time employees will be recruited and allocated to one of four research arms: Control Group, Programme Only Group, Cash Incentive Group and Charitable Incentive Group. Participants in the intervention arms will be asked to track their physical activities using Fitbit Zip, a wireless pedometer, which automatically uploads the data to a custom website. Those in the incentive arms will earn money or raise money for charities if they meet weekly exercise targets. Those in the control and Programme Only groups with receive a weekly payment for participation. Incentives and participation payment will be provided from months 1 - 6, after which they will be withdrawn.
The key outcome variable of the RCT is defined as bouts (in minutes) of moderate to vigorous physical activity ("MVPA bouts") as measured via accelerometry. Data will be collected at baseline and month 6 and 12 assessments.
Findings from the RCT will also be used to determine the cost to employers of implementing each programme and the incremental cost-effectiveness of the incentive programmes compared to the basic programme without incentives. The primary hypotheses are that the basic programme will have lower costs per person than the cash or charity programmes, but that the incentive programmes will be more cost-effective relative to the less expensive and less effective basic programme.
Type d'étude
Inscription (Réel)
Phase
- N'est pas applicable
Contacts et emplacements
Lieux d'étude
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Singapore, Singapour
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School
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Critères de participation
Critère d'éligibilité
Âges éligibles pour étudier
Accepte les volontaires sains
Sexes éligibles pour l'étude
La description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Full-time employees living in Singapore
- Aged between 21-65
Exclusion Criteria:
- report difficulty doing 10 minutes of aerobic activities without stopping
- report difficulty walking up 10 stairs without stopping
- report difficulty performing basic activities of daily living
- have any medical conditions that limit their ability to walk as a means of physical activity
- self-identify medical conditions that limit ability to walk AND do not have medical consent
- answer 'YES' to any PAR-Q questions
Plan d'étude
Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?
Détails de conception
- Répartition: Randomisé
- Modèle interventionnel: Affectation factorielle
- Masquage: Aucun (étiquette ouverte)
Armes et Interventions
Groupe de participants / Bras |
Intervention / Traitement |
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Autre: Control Group
The control group will receive a "usual care" educational programme at baseline created by the Singapore Health Promotion Board.
This guide describes the importance of physical activity and illustrates one possible physical activity programme.
It also discusses strategies for adopting a healthy lifestyle.
They will not receive the Fitbit Zip wireless pedometer from the study team.
However, they will receive $4 per week, regardless of physical activity levels.
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The "usual care" programme consists of educational materials designed by the Singapore Health Promotion Board.
It includes material on how to stay active, walking programmes, and healthy eating.
Autres noms:
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Expérimental: Programme Only Group
This group receives the Fitbit Zip, and access to the Fitbit website.
Fitbit Zip counts the number of steps walked, calories burned, and distance travelled.
Participants can set goals for their physical activity levels, and will have access to personalised feedback from Fitbit.
This group will also receive $4 per week, regardless of physical activity levels.
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The "usual care" programme consists of educational materials designed by the Singapore Health Promotion Board.
It includes material on how to stay active, walking programmes, and healthy eating.
Autres noms:
Fitbit Zip is a wireless pedometer that tracks steps of participants, and will be offered in conjunction with a tailored website with customized information for participants, employers, and/or charities.
Autres noms:
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Expérimental: Cash Incentive Group
This group receives the Fitbit Zip and the opportunity to earn money each week based on the number of steps logged on the pedometer during that week. We will offer the following incentive schedule:
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The "usual care" programme consists of educational materials designed by the Singapore Health Promotion Board.
It includes material on how to stay active, walking programmes, and healthy eating.
Autres noms:
Fitbit Zip is a wireless pedometer that tracks steps of participants, and will be offered in conjunction with a tailored website with customized information for participants, employers, and/or charities.
Autres noms:
Incentives will be awarded to participants for meeting specified weekly step goals as measured by a pedometer.
Autres noms:
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Expérimental: Charitable Incentive Group
This group is identical to the cash incentive group except that incentive payments will be donated directly to a tax-exempt nonprofit charity of the participant's choice.
The charity will be selected at the start of the programme but will be limited to the most common tax-exempt nonprofit charities operating in Singapore.
As a motivational feedback component of the programme, participants will receive a thank-you email or letter from the charity.
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The "usual care" programme consists of educational materials designed by the Singapore Health Promotion Board.
It includes material on how to stay active, walking programmes, and healthy eating.
Autres noms:
Fitbit Zip is a wireless pedometer that tracks steps of participants, and will be offered in conjunction with a tailored website with customized information for participants, employers, and/or charities.
Autres noms:
Incentives will be awarded to charities selected by participants should the latter meet specified weekly step goals measured by a pedometer.
Autres noms:
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Que mesure l'étude ?
Principaux critères de jugement
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
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Changes in MVPA (Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity) bouts of participants from baseline to months 6 and 12
Délai: Baseline, 6 and 12 months
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MVPA bouts are defined as the total number of minutes during each 1-week assessment period in which moderate or vigorous activity of at least 8 of 10 consecutive minutes are reached. This will be assessed via the Actigraph GT3XE-Plus Triaxial Activity Monitor. We will measure "MVPA bouts" at baseline, 6, and 12 months. We hypothesize that participants in the Programme Only, and Incentive groups record more "MVPA bouts" at 6 months compared to baseline. Furthermore, participants in the Incentive groups will record more "MVPA bouts" at 6 months compared to the Control and Programme only groups. We also measure "MVPA bouts" for all participants at 12 months. We do so to test if the "MVPA bouts" measured at month 6, can be sustained at month 12 when incentives are no longer being provided. |
Baseline, 6 and 12 months
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Mesures de résultats secondaires
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
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Change in VO2Max of participants from baseline to months 6, and 12.
Délai: Baseline, 6 and 12 months
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VO2Max is one of the major parameters to evaluate health and fitness of the cardiovascular system and is widely used for health promotion purposes.
VO2Max will also be assessed via the Non Exercise Fitness Test (NEFT); NEFT predicts VO2max based on age, gender, BMI, resting heart rate and self-reported physical activities.
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Baseline, 6 and 12 months
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Collaborateurs et enquêteurs
Parrainer
Collaborateurs
Les enquêteurs
- Chercheur principal: Eric Finkelstein, Ph.D., M.H.A., Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School
Publications et liens utiles
Publications générales
- Sloan RA, Kim Y, Sawada SS, Asakawa A, Blair SN, Finkelstein EA. Is Less Sedentary Behavior, More Physical Activity, or Higher Fitness Associated with Sleep Quality? A Cross-Sectional Study in Singapore. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 19;17(4):1337. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17041337.
- Sloan RA, Kim Y, Sahasranaman A, Muller-Riemenschneider F, Biddle SJH, Finkelstein EA. The influence of a consumer-wearable activity tracker on sedentary time and prolonged sedentary bouts: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Res Notes. 2018 Mar 22;11(1):189. doi: 10.1186/s13104-018-3306-9.
- Finkelstein EA, Haaland BA, Bilger M, Sahasranaman A, Sloan RA, Nang EEK, Evenson KR. Effectiveness of activity trackers with and without incentives to increase physical activity (TRIPPA): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016 Dec;4(12):983-995. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(16)30284-4. Epub 2016 Oct 4.
Dates d'enregistrement des études
Dates principales de l'étude
Début de l'étude
Achèvement primaire (Réel)
Achèvement de l'étude (Réel)
Dates d'inscription aux études
Première soumission
Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Première publication (Estimation)
Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude
Dernière mise à jour publiée (Estimation)
Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Dernière vérification
Plus d'information
Termes liés à cette étude
Autres numéros d'identification d'étude
- HSRG10NOV002
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