The Study, Conducted With 54 Individuals Over the Age of 65, Aimed to Reveal the Advantages and Disadvantages of a Combined Exercise Program Compared to Otago Exercise Alone. (OPEP-SARCOBAL)
1 juillet 2026 mis à jour par: Mesut Uludag, Hacettepe University
Otago Plus Proprioceptive Exercises for Sarcopenia, Frailty, Reaction Time, Balance, Falls, and Physical Performance in Geriatric Individuals
Falls are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults.
Approximately one-third of individuals over 65 years of age fall each year, and 10-15% of these falls result in serious injury.
Balance disorders, decreased muscle strength, prolonged reaction time, and decreased proprioception are key factors that increase the risk of falls.
One evidence-based intervention to reduce the risk of falls is the Otago Exercise Program, originating in New Zealand.
The program includes strength and balance exercises progressed with ankle weights and walking activities, and has been shown to significantly reduce the incidence of falls in older adults.
Proprioceptive exercises aim to stimulate the sensory system responsible for body position perception and movement control. These exercises contribute to improved balance by enhancing sensorimotor integration.
Although the literature shows positive effects of Otago and proprioceptive exercise programs separately, studies comparing the effectiveness of combining these two approaches on sarcopenia, frailty, balance, falls, reaction time, and physical performance parameters are limited.
The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the effects of the Otago exercise program and a program combining Otago and proprioceptive exercises on sarcopenia, frailty, reaction time, balance, falls, and physical performance in geriatric individuals.
It is expected that the findings will contribute to more effective and goal-oriented planning of exercise programs in the geriatric population.
Aperçu de l'étude
Statut
Actif, ne recrute pas
Les conditions
Intervention / Traitement
Description détaillée
The proportion of the elderly population is rapidly increasing worldwide and in Türkiye.
According to United Nations data, the population aged 60 and over is expected to exceed 2 billion by 2050.
Turkish Statistical Institute projections also foresee that the proportion of the elderly population in our country will reach 20.8% in 2050.
This demographic transformation makes the prevention and management of age-related health problems a priority from a public health perspective.
Aging is accompanied by a decrease in physiological reserves, an increase in the incidence of multimorbidity, and a decline in functional capacity.
One of the important clinical syndromes that stands out in this process is sarcopenia, characterized by progressive decrease in muscle mass and muscle function .
Sarcopenia is strongly associated with fall risk, functional decline, frailty, and increased mortality.
Fragility is defined as a state of vulnerability to stress resulting from a loss of reserves in multiple physiological systems, predisposing the elderly individual to negative health outcomes.
Falls are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the elderly.
Approximately one-third of individuals over 65 years of age fall each year, and 10-15% of these falls result in serious injury.
Balance disorders, decreased muscle strength, prolonged reaction time, and decreased proprioception are key factors that increase the risk of falls.
One evidence-based intervention to reduce the risk of falls is the Otago Exercise Program, originating in New Zealand.
The program includes strength and balance exercises progressing with ankle weights and walking activities, and has been shown to significantly reduce the incidence of falls in elderly individuals.
Proprioceptive exercises, on the other hand, aim to stimulate the sensory system responsible for body position perception and movement control.
These exercises contribute to improved balance by enhancing sensorimotor integration.
Although the literature shows positive effects of Otago and proprioceptive exercise programs separately, studies comparing the effectiveness of combining these two approaches on sarcopenia, frailty, balance, falls, reaction time, and physical performance parameters are limited.
The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the effects of the Otago exercise program and a program combining Otago and proprioceptive exercises on sarcopenia, frailty, reaction time, balance, falls, and physical performance in geriatric individuals.
The findings are expected to contribute to the more effective and goal-oriented planning of exercise programs in the geriatric population.
Type d'étude
Interventionnel
Inscription (Réel)
54
Phase
- N'est pas applicable
Contacts et emplacements
Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.
Lieux d'étude
-
-
Altındağ
-
Ankara, Altındağ, Turquie (Türkiye)
- Hacettepe University
-
-
Critères de participation
Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.
Critère d'éligibilité
Âges éligibles pour étudier
- Adulte plus âgé
Accepte les volontaires sains
Oui
La description
Inclusion Criteria:
- 65 years of age or older,
- Able to speak and understand Turkish,
- Have at least a primary school education,
- Be able to respond to simple verbal commands.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Serious musculoskeletal pathology that may affect proprioception (advanced rheumatoid arthritis, severe osteoarthritis, major joint deformity, etc.), Major neurological or systemic disease that may affect proprioception (diabetic neuropathy, Vascular insufficiency, Post-stroke hemiplegia, Parkinson's disease, Inability to respond to commands due to cognitive dysfunction (SMMT <18 points), Severe visual or hearing loss, Lower extremity amputation or having undergone major lower extremity surgery within the last year.
Plan d'étude
Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.
Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?
Détails de conception
- Objectif principal: Traitement
- Répartition: Randomisé
- Modèle interventionnel: Affectation parallèle
- Masquage: Aucun (étiquette ouverte)
Armes et Interventions
Groupe de participants / Bras |
Intervention / Traitement |
|---|---|
|
Aucune intervention: Control Group
No exercise program was applied to the patients in this group.
Only sequential measurements were taken and the results were compared with other groups.
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Expérimental: Otago Exercise Group
Only patients in this group received the Otago Exercise Program.
|
There are no studies in the literature that combine proprioceptive exercises with otago exercises.
In our study, we applied these combined exercises for the first time.
|
|
Expérimental: OTAGO EXERCISES COMBINED WITH PROPRIOCEPTIVE EXERCISES
Patients in this group received a proprioceptive exercise program in conjunction with the Otago Exercise Program.
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There are no studies in the literature that combine proprioceptive exercises with otago exercises.
In our study, we applied these combined exercises for the first time.
As an intervention, participants were given exercises to improve their proprioception (sense of joint position, sense of movement, etc.) in addition to the otago exercises.
Autres noms:
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Que mesure l'étude ?
Principaux critères de jugement
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in Frailty Measured by the Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS)
Délai: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
|
The Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS) assesses 9 domains (cognition, general health, functional independence, social support, medication use, nutrition, mood, continence, functional performance).
Total score ranges from 0 (not frail) to 17 (very severe frailty).
Assessments conducted at baseline (week 0), interim (week 3), and final (week 6) by an experienced physiotherapist.
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From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
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Change in Muscle Strength Measured by Hand Grip and Knee Extension Dynamometry
Délai: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
|
Hand grip strength measured in kilograms (kg) using a hand dynamometer.
Knee extension strength measured in kilograms (kg) using a hand-held dynamometer.
Assessments conducted at baseline (week 0), interim (week 3), and final (week 6) by an experienced physiotherapist.
|
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
|
|
Change in Physical Performance Measured by the 4-Meter Walking Speed Test
Délai: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
|
Time (in seconds) to walk 4 meters at usual pace.
Assessed at baseline (week 0), interim (week 3), and final (week 6) by an experienced physiotherapist.
|
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
|
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Change in Muscle Mass Measured by Gastrocnemius-Soleus Circumference
Délai: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
|
Calf circumference measured in centimeters (cm) using a tape measure at the maximal girth of the gastrocnemius-soleus complex.
Assessed at baseline (week 0), interim (week 3), and final (week 6) by an experienced physiotherapist.
|
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
|
|
Change in Reaction Time Measured by the Nelson Hand and Foot Reaction Test
Délai: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
|
Reaction time measured in milliseconds (ms) using the Nelson Hand and Foot Reaction Test.
Assessed at baseline (week 0), interim (week 3), and final (week 6) by an experienced physiotherapist.
|
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
|
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Change in Peripheral Sensation Measured by Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament Test
Délai: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
|
Monofilament filament size (log10 force in mg) at which sensation is detected on the foot.
Assessed at baseline (week 0), interim (week 3), and final (week 6) by an experienced physiotherapist.
|
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
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Change in Balance and Falls Measured by Number of Falls and Balance Testing
Délai: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
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Falls recorded as total number of falls per participant over 6 weeks.
Balance assessed using a validated balance scale (e.g., Berg Balance Scale or Timed Up and Go test in seconds).
Assessed at baseline (week 0), interim (week 3), and final (week 6).
|
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks (18 sessions)
|
Collaborateurs et enquêteurs
C'est ici que vous trouverez les personnes et les organisations impliquées dans cette étude.
Parrainer
Collaborateurs
Publications et liens utiles
La personne responsable de la saisie des informations sur l'étude fournit volontairement ces publications. Il peut s'agir de tout ce qui concerne l'étude.
Liens utiles
Dates d'enregistrement des études
Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.
Dates principales de l'étude
Début de l'étude (Réel)
1 avril 2023
Achèvement primaire (Réel)
31 décembre 2025
Achèvement de l'étude (Estimé)
6 octobre 2026
Dates d'inscription aux études
Première soumission
20 janvier 2026
Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
1 juillet 2026
Première publication (Réel)
8 juillet 2026
Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude
Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)
8 juillet 2026
Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
1 juillet 2026
Dernière vérification
1 juillet 2026
Plus d'information
Termes liés à cette étude
Mots clés
Termes MeSH pertinents supplémentaires
Autres numéros d'identification d'étude
- 6f3d5fcd4f8d
Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)
Prévoyez-vous de partager les données individuelles des participants (DPI) ?
OUI
Délai de partage IPD
only IPD used in the results publication
Critères d'accès au partage IPD
researchers
Type d'informations de prise en charge du partage d'IPD
- RSE
Données/documents d'étude
-
Protocole d'étude
Commentaires d'informations: https://etikkurul.karatekin.edu.tr/dogrulama/6f3d5fcd4f8d4a2e / https://sbetikkurul.karatekin.edu.tr/
Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude
Étudie un produit pharmaceutique réglementé par la FDA américaine
Non
Étudie un produit d'appareil réglementé par la FDA américaine
Non
Ces informations ont été extraites directement du site Web clinicaltrials.gov sans aucune modification. Si vous avez des demandes de modification, de suppression ou de mise à jour des détails de votre étude, veuillez contacter register@clinicaltrials.gov. Dès qu'un changement est mis en œuvre sur clinicaltrials.gov, il sera également mis à jour automatiquement sur notre site Web .