Life Skills Training for Anxiety and Football Performance in Adolescent Players (LST-Football)
Life Skills Training and Athletic Performance of Non-Elite Adolescent Football Players: The Mediating Role of Reduced Cognitive Anxiety
調査の概要
詳細な説明
The study will use a two-arm parallel longitudinal randomized design with three assessment points: T0 at baseline, T1 immediately after completion of an eight-week intervention, and T2 four weeks after T1. Participants will be 160 non-elite football players aged 14-17 years from 16 teams. Individual randomization will be conducted within team-by-gender strata using a computer-generated random sequence, targeting 80 participants per condition.
The life skills intervention will consist of 16 sessions delivered over eight weeks (two sessions per week; 45-60 minutes per session; approximately 8-10 players per small group). Content will include goal setting, self-management, emotional regulation, problem solving, decision making, communication, teamwork, time management, coping with mistakes, and transfer of skills beyond sport. Control participants will continue usual football training without the structured life skills program during the study period. Attendance, possible control contamination, and concurrent psychological training will be recorded.
Cognitive sport anxiety will be assessed using the 15-item Sport Anxiety Scale-2. Worry will comprise items 3, 5, 8, 9, and 11; Concentration Disruption will comprise items 1, 4, 7, 13, and 15; Somatic Anxiety will comprise items 2, 6, 10, 12, and 14. Cognitive Anxiety will be defined as Worry plus Concentration Disruption. Football performance will be assessed using passing accuracy, shooting accuracy, dribbling time, and agility time. These components will be standardized using fixed baseline reference parameters, with time-based measures reverse-directed, and combined into a T-score Football Performance Index in which higher values indicate better performance.
Primary intervention effects will be evaluated with linear mixed-effects models using condition, time, and condition-by-time fixed effects, while accounting for repeated observations within participants and clustering within teams. Secondary outcome contrasts will be adjusted using the Holm procedure. The longitudinal indirect pathway will be evaluated as intervention allocation → T1 cognitive anxiety reduction → T2 football performance. The indirect effect will be estimated with 5,000 team-cluster bootstrap resamples. Sensitivity analyses will include per-protocol attendance, control contamination, concurrent psychological training, complete T2 cases, multiple imputation with 20 imputed datasets, and alternative FPI scoring.
研究の種類
入学 (推定)
段階
- 適用できない
連絡先と場所
研究連絡先
- 名前：Yang Qin, Assistant Professor
- 電話番号：+869183336007
- メール：qinyang@tjus.edu.cni@iau.ir
研究連絡先のバックアップ
- 名前：Jiarui Xing, assistant professor
- メール：xingjrrr@sina.com
参加基準
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
- 子
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 14 to 17 years at enrollment.
- Current membership in a non-elite/non-professional football team.
- At least one year of prior football participation.
- Regular participation in team football training.
- Ability and willingness to attend study assessments and, if allocated to the intervention, the life skills training sessions.
- Written informed consent from a parent or legal guardian and age-appropriate assent from the adolescent participant before study participation.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Current membership in a national football team.
- Current professional football contract.
- Current membership in a first-tier professional football academy.
- Any medical, musculoskeletal, or psychological condition that, in the judgment of the study team, would make participation in football-performance testing or the behavioral intervention unsafe or inappropriate.
- Inability to complete baseline assessment or comply with essential study procedures.
研究計画
研究はどのように設計されていますか？
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的：他の
- 割り当て：ランダム化
- 介入モデル：並列代入
- マスキング：なし（オープンラベル）
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療 |
|---|---|
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実験的：Life Skills Training
Participants will receive a structured eight-week life skills training program consisting of 16 small-group sessions delivered twice weekly.
Each session will last 45-60 minutes and will involve approximately 8-10 players.
Training will address goal setting, self-management, emotional regulation, problem solving, decision making, communication, teamwork, time management, coping with mistakes, and transfer of skills beyond sport.
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An eight-week behavioral life skills program delivered in 16 small-group sessions (2 sessions/week; 45-60 minutes/session; approximately 8-10 players/group).
The program will include goal setting, self-management, emotional regulation, problem solving, decision making, communication, teamwork, time management, coping with mistakes, and transfer of skills beyond sport.
Attendance will be recorded.
Per-protocol adherence will be defined as attendance at ≥80% of sessions (at least 13 of 16 sessions).
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介入なし：Usual Training Control
Participants will continue their usual football training during the eight-week study intervention period and will not receive the structured life skills training program.
Potential exposure to intervention content and concurrent psychological training will be monitored.
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この研究は何を測定していますか？
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Cognitive Anxiety Score
時間枠：Baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention at 8 weeks (T1), and 4-week post-intervention follow-up (T2; approximately 12 weeks after baseline)
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Cognitive Anxiety will be calculated as the sum of the Worry and Concentration Disruption subscales of the 15-item Sport Anxiety Scale-2.
Each subscale contains five items scored from 1 to 4; therefore the Cognitive Anxiety composite will range from 10 to 40, with lower scores indicating less cognitive sport anxiety.
The primary analysis will evaluate differential change between groups over time.
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Baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention at 8 weeks (T1), and 4-week post-intervention follow-up (T2; approximately 12 weeks after baseline)
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Change in Baseline-Referenced Football Performance Index
時間枠：Baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention at 8 weeks (T1), and 4-week post-intervention follow-up (T2; approximately 12 weeks after baseline)
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The Football Performance Index will combine passing accuracy, shooting accuracy, dribbling time, and agility time.
Each component will be standardized using fixed baseline reference parameters; dribbling and agility time will be reverse-directed so higher standardized values represent better performance.
The composite will be transformed to a T-score metric, with higher scores indicating better football performance.
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Baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention at 8 weeks (T1), and 4-week post-intervention follow-up (T2; approximately 12 weeks after baseline)
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二次結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
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Worry Subscale Score
時間枠：Time frame: T0, T1 at 8 weeks, T2 at approximately 12 weeks.
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5-item SAS-2 Worry subscale; range 5-20; lower scores indicate less worry.
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Time frame: T0, T1 at 8 weeks, T2 at approximately 12 weeks.
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Concentration Disruption Subscale Score
時間枠：Time frame: T0, T1 at 8 weeks, T2 at approximately 12 weeks.
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5-item SAS-2 Concentration Disruption subscale; range 5-20; lower scores indicate less concentration disruption.
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Time frame: T0, T1 at 8 weeks, T2 at approximately 12 weeks.
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Somatic Anxiety Subscale Score
時間枠：Time frame: T0, T1 at 8 weeks, T2 at approximately 12 weeks.
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5-item SAS-2 Somatic Anxiety subscale; range 5-20; lower scores indicate less somatic anxiety.
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Time frame: T0, T1 at 8 weeks, T2 at approximately 12 weeks.
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Passing Accuracy
時間枠：ime frame: T0, T1 at 8 weeks, T2 at approximately 12 weeks.
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Football-specific passing accuracy performance measure; higher values indicate better performance.
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ime frame: T0, T1 at 8 weeks, T2 at approximately 12 weeks.
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協力者と研究者
研究記録日
主要日程の研究
研究開始 (推定)
一次修了 (推定)
研究の完了 (推定)
試験登録日
最初に提出
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
最初の投稿 (実際)
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (実際)
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
最終確認日
詳しくは
本研究に関する用語
キーワード
その他の研究ID番号
- TUS-LST-22FTYB009-01
個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画
個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?
IPD プランの説明
医薬品およびデバイス情報、研究文書
米国FDA規制医薬品の研究
米国FDA規制機器製品の研究
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